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August 1931

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The following events occurred in August 1931:

August 1931: Flooding drowns at least 140,000 along China's Yangtze River, leads to starvation and cholera that kills millions (pictured: Hankou business district of Wuhan)
Flood survivors in China

August 1, 1931 (Saturday)

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August 2, 1931 (Sunday)

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August 3, 1931 (Monday)

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  • Three African-American people died in a riot in Chicago. Police fought a crowd of 2,000 protesting against an apartment landlord evicting an elderly African-American woman.[4]

August 4, 1931 (Tuesday)

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  • A new German decree went into force making the purchase of foreign currency against the Reichsmark only possible through the Reichsbank.[5]
  • Prominent stage actress Ina Claire was granted a divorce from her husband of two years, silent film star John Gilbert.[6]

August 5, 1931 (Wednesday)

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August 6, 1931 (Thursday)

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  • Japan and China re-established normal diplomatic relations.[7]
  • Died: Bix Beiderbecke (Leon Bismark Beiderbecke), 28, American jazz musician, died of lobar pneumonia and cerebral edema aggravated by alcoholism.

August 7, 1931 (Friday)

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August 8, 1931 (Saturday)

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August 9, 1931 (Sunday)

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  • A referendum seeking to force the dissolution of the Prussian Landtag failed because only 37.1% of eligible voters showed up to vote, and a 50% turnout was required in order for it to pass.
  • Sixteen people died in Communist-backed rioting in Berlin during the referendum campaign.[10][11]
  • Born: Mário Zagallo, Brazilian soccer football forward who played for, and later managed, the Brazil national team, winning the FIFA World Cup as a player in 1958 and 1962, as a manager in 1970, and as an assistant manager in 1994; in Atalaia, Alagoas state[12] (d. 2024)
  • Died: Paul Anlauf (42) and Franz Lenck, Berlin Police captains, were assassinated by members of the paramilitary wing of the Communist Party of Germany. One of the killers was future Stasi head Erich Mielke.[13]

August 10, 1931 (Monday)

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August 11, 1931 (Tuesday)

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August 12, 1931 (Wednesday)

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  • The Reichsbank dropped its rate back down again to 10%.[18]
  • New York City mobster Jack "Legs" Diamond was sentenced to four years in prison for bootlegging in the illegal sale of liquor.[3]
  • Born: William Goldman, American film screenwriter, novelist and playwright, winner of two Academy Awards; in Chicago (d. 2018)

August 13, 1931 (Thursday)

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August 14, 1931 (Friday)

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August 15, 1931 (Saturday)

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  • The French government extended a major loan to Hungary.[22]
  • The Soviet Union made education compulsory for illiterates between 16 and 50 years of age.[23]
  • Born: Joe Feeney, American tenor singer, in Grand Island, Nebraska (d. 2008)
  • Died: Nigar Shikhlinskaya, 59, Azerbaijani nurse and World War One heroine

August 16, 1931 (Sunday)

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August 17, 1931 (Monday)

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  • Anti-Chinese sentiment increased in Japan after the Japanese government revealed that three Japanese nationals traveling in China had been arrested, killed and cremated. China admitted the action but contended that one of them was a spy.[21]

August 18, 1931 (Tuesday)

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  • The flooding on the Yangtse River in China reached its worst point when the water level peaked with waters as high as 53 feet (16 m) above normal river levels at Hankou in Wuhan province.[25] The flooding, including subsequent famine and disease, killed about 3.7 million people in total, perhaps the worst natural disaster of the 20th century.[26]
  • The first worldwide radio broadcast of an opera was carried out during a production of Wagner's Tristan und Isolde at the Bayreuth Festspielhaus.[21]
  • A committee of bankers in Basel released a report recommending that credit be extended to Germany for another six months due to the country's inability to meet its debt obligations.[21]
  • Born:

August 19, 1931 (Wednesday)

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August 20, 1931 (Thursday)

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  • Spain passed a decree forbidding churches from selling their property, in response to a rumor that exiled cardinal Pedro Segura y Sáenz had ordered the churches to sell their property before it could be confiscated.[28][29]
  • Born: Don King, U.S. boxing promoter, in Cleveland
  • Died: Waldemar von Baussnern, 64, German classical and operatic composer

August 21, 1931 (Friday)

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  • The eighth Great German Radio Exhibition opened in Berlin. Attractions included the first electronic television receiver with a Braun tube, manufactured by Loewe AG.[30]
  • Babe Ruth hit his 600th career home run during a game against the St. Louis Browns.[31]

August 22, 1931 (Saturday)

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August 23, 1931 (Sunday)

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August 24, 1931 (Monday)

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August 25, 1931 (Tuesday)

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August 26, 1931 (Wednesday)

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  • The Mahatma Gandhi announced that he had reversed his decision not to attend the Round Table Conference after a three-hour discussion with Viceroy The Earl of Willingdon.[38]
  • The Portuguese Army put down a revolt in Lisbon.[39]
  • Deputy Sheriff James Leo McDermott, 40, of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department died in a freak accident. After stepping out of his car at an oil station, the vehicle began to roll forwards, and McDermott attempted to hop onto the car's running board to stop it. It carried him forward and slammed him into a hook used to hold air and water hoses, which impaled him just below the heart.[40][41][42]
  • Born: Geoffrey Dickens, British Conservative politician, in London (d. 1995) [43]
  • Died:
    • Osachi Hamaguchi, 61, twice Prime Minister of Japan, died of a sepsis infection less than nine months after he had been wounded in an assassination attempt. Hamaguchi had resigned on April 14 because of his deteriorating condition.
    • Frank Harris, 75, Irish-born American editor, journalist and publisher

August 27, 1931 (Thursday)

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August 28, 1931 (Friday)

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August 29, 1931 (Saturday)

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August 30, 1931 (Sunday)

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  • The Netherlands and Turkey signed a trade and sea navigation treaty.[52]
  • Born:
  • Died: Mickey Duffy, 44, Polish-American mobster in Philadelphia, was shot to death in his hotel room in Atlantic City, New Jersey

August 31, 1931 (Monday)

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References

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  1. ^ "Tageseinträge für 1. August 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  2. ^ "Catalonia Votes for Liberty Lost Over Two Centuries Ago". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 3, 1931. p. 18.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Mercer, Derrik (1989). Chronicle of the 20th Century. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. p. 405. ISBN 978-0-582-03919-3.
  4. ^ Strickland, Arvarh E. (2001). History of the Chicago Urban League. University of Missouri Press. p. 108. ISBN 978-0-8262-1347-1.
  5. ^ "Tageseinträge für 4. August 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  6. ^ "Ina Claire Wins a Divorce from John Gilbert". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 5, 1931. p. 3.
  7. ^ "Tageseinträge für 6. August 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  8. ^ Shaffer, George (August 8, 1931). "Miss Dietrich 'Other Woman' in Love Suits". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  9. ^ Audley, Art (August 8, 2014). "This Date in Washington Senators History – Bobby Burke pitches no-hitter". D.C. Baseball History. Archived from the original on December 10, 2014. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  10. ^ Schultz, Sigrid (August 10, 1931). "Rout Berlin Reds; 16 Killed". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  11. ^ "Tageseinträge für 9. August 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  12. ^ "FIFA celebrates legendary Zagallo as he turns 90". FIFA. Retrieved 1 August 2022.
  13. ^ Beck, Rocco, ed. (10 March 1995). "BGH 5 StR 434/94 - Urteil vom 10. März 1995 (LG Berlin)" [BGH 5 StR 434/94 - Judgment of 10 March 1995 (LG Berlin)]. HRR-Strafrecht.de (in German). Retrieved 23 October 2021.
  14. ^ Schultz, Sigrid (August 11, 1931). "Berlin Padlocks Headquarters of Communists". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 3.
  15. ^ "Magnitude 8 and Greater Earthquakes Since 1900". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on April 14, 2016. Retrieved August 26, 2024.
  16. ^ "Earthquakes with 1,000 or More Deaths 1900–2014". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on January 14, 2013. Retrieved August 26, 2024.
  17. ^ a b "Tageseinträge für 11. August 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  18. ^ "Tageseinträge für 12. August 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  19. ^ "Gandhi Scorns Parley; Revolt Looms in India". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 14, 1931. p. 3.
  20. ^ Sanborn, Dean (August 15, 1931). "Cuban Army Captures Rebel Chiefs". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  21. ^ a b c d "1931". Music And History. Archived from the original on August 28, 2012. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  22. ^ "Chronology 1931". indiana.edu. 2002. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  23. ^ "Tageseinträge für 15. August 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  24. ^ "Rome-Vienna Express Rams Freight; 13 Die". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 17, 1931. p. 5.
  25. ^ Pietz, David (2002). Engineering the State: The Huai River and Reconstruction in Nationalist China 1927–1937. Routledge. pp. xvii, 61–70.
  26. ^ History.com Editors (August 14, 2024) [Originally published November 13, 2009]. "Yangtze River peaks in Gaoyou, China, killing more than 10,000". HISTORY. A&E Television Networks. Retrieved August 26, 2024.
  27. ^ "Count Bethlen Ends Ten Year Rule in Hungary". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 20, 1931. p. 19.
  28. ^ "Tageseinträge für 20. August 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  29. ^ Allen, Jay (August 21, 1931). "Spanish Decree Forbids Sale of Church Holdings". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 8.
  30. ^ "Tageseinträge für 21. August 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  31. ^ "Famous Home Runs". MLB.com. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  32. ^ "King to Return; Labor Cabinet's Resignation Seen". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. August 22, 1931. p. 1.
  33. ^ Kaplan, Jim. "Lefty Grove". SABR Baseball Biography Project. Society for American Baseball Research. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  34. ^ Dewey, Donald; Acocella, Nicholas (2002). The New Biographical History of Baseball: The Classic (Completely Revised ed.). Triumph Books. p. 172. ISBN 978-1-57243-567-4.
  35. ^ "Hamilton O. Smith – Facts". NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach AB. 2024. Retrieved 26 August 2024.
  36. ^ "M'Donald Cabinet Approved by King; Labor Plans Fight". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. August 25, 1931. p. 1.
  37. ^ "Lindberghs in Tokio; Finish Hop from N.Y.". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 26, 1931. p. 1.
  38. ^ "Gandhi Decided to Go to London for Conference". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 27, 1931. p. 7.
  39. ^ "Army Defeats Lisbon Revolt; 42 Are Killed". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 27, 1931. p. 1.
  40. ^ "Freak Accident Causes Death". Imperial Valley Press. El Centro, California. United Press. 27 August 1931. Page 3, column 2. Retrieved 24 August 2024 – via Chronicling America. Deputy Sherriff J. L. McDermott died early today from injuries received in a freak accident in which he was impaled upon a hook holding a water hose.
  41. ^ Stanley, John (2014). "LASD Deputy James McDermott - End of Watch: Aug. 26, 1931, Unusual Accident". Retrieved 23 August 2024 – via Los Angeles Sheriff's Department. Recent historical research has resulted in the discovery of the story of the extraordinary career and unusual death of Deputy James McDermott.
  42. ^ "Deputy Sheriff James L. McDermott, Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, California". The Officer Down Memorial Page, Inc. Retrieved 24 August 2024.
  43. ^ "OBITUARIES Geoffrey Dickens". People. The Independent. 18 May 1995.
  44. ^ "Throngs Roar Welcome as Do-X Soars Up River and Moors at Battery". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. August 27, 1931. p. 1.
  45. ^ Pettey, Tom (August 28, 1931). "Mammoth Do-X in Gotham with 53 Passengers". Chicago Daily Tribune: 6.
  46. ^ "Labor Elects Henderson as Party Leader". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. August 28, 1931. p. 1.
  47. ^ "Gandhi London Bound; Sleeps on Ship's Deck". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 30, 1931. p. 1.
  48. ^ Shirer, William (September 12, 1931). "Gandhi Balks at Dominion Status in India". Chicago Daily Tribune: 1.
  49. ^ "Suitors Admits Slaying Widow, Three Children". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. August 29, 1931. p. 1.
  50. ^ "Confesses Slaying of Four". Chicago Daily Tribune: 1. August 29, 1931.
  51. ^ "Billy Herman 1931 Batting Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  52. ^ "Dutch and Turkey Sign Commercial and Sea Pact". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 31, 1931. p. 14.
  53. ^ "Tageseinträge für 31. August 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
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