The Arini tribe of the neotropical parrots is a monophyletic clade of macaws and parakeets (commonly called conures in aviculture) characterized by colorful plumage and long, tapering tails. They occur throughout Mexico, Central America, and South America, the Caribbean and the southern United States. One genus and several species are extinct; another genus is extinct in the wild. Two species are known only through subfossil remains. About a dozen hypothetical extinct species (see Extinct Caribbean macaws) have been described, native to the Caribbean area.[1][2] Among the Arini are some of the rarest birds in the world, such as Spix's macaw, which is extinct in the wild – fewer than 100 specimens survive in captivity. It also contains the largest flighted parrot in the world, the hyacinth macaw. Some species, such as the blue-and-yellow macaw and sun conure are popular pet parrots.
| Arini | |
|---|---|
| |
| Blue-and-yellow macaw | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Psittaciformes |
| Family: | Psittacidae |
| Subfamily: | Arinae |
| Tribe: | Arini G. R. Gray, 1840 |
| Genera | |
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Cyanoliseus | |
Molecular studies have dated the divergence of the Arini tribe from the ancestral neotropical parrots to late in the Paleogene period about 30–35 million years ago.
Taxonomy
editThe Arini are one of three recognized clades in subfamily Arinae of neotropical parrots in the family Psittacidae of Afrotropical and neotropical parrots, one of three families of true parrots.
| Image | Genus | Living Species |
|---|---|---|
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Anodorhynchus Spix, 1824 |
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Cyanopsitta Bonaparte, 1854 |
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Ara Lacépède, 1799 |
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Orthopsittaca Ridgway, 1912 |
|
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Primolius Bonaparte, 1857 |
|
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Diopsittaca Ridgway, 1912 |
|
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Rhynchopsitta Bonaparte, 1854 |
|
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Ognorhynchus Bonaparte, 1857 |
|
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Guaruba Lesson, 1830 |
|
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Leptosittaca Berlepsch & Stolzmann, 1894 |
|
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Conuropsis† Salvadori, 1891 |
|
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Psittacara Vigors, 1825 |
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Aratinga Spix, 1824 |
|
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Eupsittula Bonaparte, 1853 |
|
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Thectocercus Vieillot, 1818 |
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Cyanoliseus Bonaparte, 1854 |
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_-Sao_Paulo.jpg) |
Pyrrhura Bonaparte, 1856 |
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Enicognathus G.R. Gray, 1840 |
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See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Mystery Macaws of the West Indies".
- ^ Turvey, S. T. (2010). "A new historical record of macaws on Jamaica". Archives of Natural History. 37 (2): 348–351. doi:10.3366/anh.2010.0016.