Anthopleura hermaphroditica, also known as the small brown sea anemone, is a small anemone about 10 mm wide in diameter and very brown in colour. It is native to the waters around Chile and New Zealand. The brownish tinge of its outer surface makes it much harder to distinguish and find unlike some of the other sea anemones. This particular class of anemone can be seen under water as a small brown ring in soft fine sediment and slightly submerged.
| Anthopleura hermaphroditica | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Cnidaria |
| Class: | Hexacorallia |
| Order: | Actiniaria |
| Family: | Actiniidae |
| Genus: | Anthopleura |
| Species: | A. hermaphroditica
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| Binomial name | |
| Anthopleura hermaphroditica (Carlgren, 1899)
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| Synonyms | |
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This brown anemone has quite a high tolerance to changes in salinity and to a high concentration of organic matter in the water.
Feeding
editThe small brown anemone feeds on plankton and small animals.
Habitat
editThe small brown anemone is distributed throughout estuaries in current-free areas. They all usually found attached to cockles who with they form a commensal relationship as the anemone gets protection and the cockle becomes more camouflaged and so can hide better from predators such as the mud flat whelk (Cominella glandiformis) or sea gulls.
Reproduction
editFertilization is external and the zygote develops into a pear-shaped planula which attaches to rocks or solid substrate and develops into a young adult.
References
edit- Senior Biologists (1999). Zonation in the Avon-Heathcoe Estuary. Christchurch, New Zealand: Burnside High School. pp. 1–20.
- "Tomales Bay invaded by invertebrates from Southern Hemisphere". Marin Independent Journal. 17 August 2023. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
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