Angara A5 (Russian: Ангара-А5), is a Russian expendable heavy lift launch vehicle which consists of one URM-1 core and four URM-1 boosters, a 3.6-metre (12 ft) URM-2 second stage, and an upper stage, either the Briz-M, Blok DM-03 or the KVTK.[2] Weighing 773 tonnes (1,704,000 lb) at lift-off, Angara A5 has a payload capacity of 24.5 tonnes (54,000 lb) to a 200 km (120 mi) x 60° orbit. Angara A5 is able to deliver 5.4 tonnes (12,000 lb) to GTO with Briz-M, or 7.5 tonnes (17,000 lb) to the same orbit with KVTK.[2]
 Launch of Angara A5 | |
| Function | Heavy-lift launch vehicle |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | Khrunichev KBKhA |
| Country of origin | Russia |
| Cost per launch | US$100 million (2021) [1] |
| Size | |
| Height | 55.4 m (182 ft) |
| Width | 8.86 m (29.1 ft) |
| Mass | 171,500 kg (378,100 lb) - 790,000 kg (1,740,000 lb) |
| Stages | 2-3 |
| Capacity | |
| Payload to LEO (Plesetsk) | |
| Mass | 24,500 kg (54,000 lb) |
| Payload to GTO (Plesetsk) | |
| Mass | 5,400 kg (11,900 lb) - 7,500 kg (16,500 lb) |
| Associated rockets | |
| Family | Angara |
| Comparable | Naro-1 |
| Launch history | |
| Status | Active |
| Launch sites | Plesetsk, Site 35 Vostochny, Site 1A |
| Total launches | 4 |
| Success(es) | 3 |
| Failure(s) | 0 |
| Partial failure(s) | 1 |
| First flight | 23 December 2014 |
| Last flight | 11 April 2024 |
| Boosters – URM-1 | |
| No. boosters | 4 |
| Powered by | 1 × RD-191 |
| Maximum thrust | 1,920 kN (430,000 lbf) |
| Total thrust | 7,680 kN (1,730,000 lbf) |
| Specific impulse | 310.7 s (3.047 km/s) |
| Burn time | 214 seconds |
| Propellant | RP-1/LOX |
| First stage – URM-1 | |
| Powered by | 1 × RD-191 |
| Maximum thrust | 1,920 kN (430,000 lbf) |
| Specific impulse | 310.7 s (3.047 km/s) |
| Burn time | 325 seconds |
| Propellant | RP-1/LOX |
| Second stage – URM-2 | |
| Powered by | 1 × RD-0124A |
| Maximum thrust | 294.3 kN (66,200 lbf) |
| Specific impulse | 359 s (3.52 km/s) |
| Burn time | 424 seconds |
| Propellant | RP-1/LOX |
| Third stage – Briz-M (optional) | |
| Powered by | 1 × S5.98M |
| Maximum thrust | 19.6 kN (4,400 lbf) |
| Specific impulse | 326 s (3.20 km/s) |
| Burn time | 3,000 seconds |
| Propellant | N2O4/UDMH |
| Third stage – Persei / Orion (optional) | |
| Powered by | 1 × RD-58MF |
| Maximum thrust | 19.6 kN (4,400 lbf) |
| Specific impulse | 326 s (3.20 km/s) |
| Burn time | 3,000 seconds |
| Propellant | RP-1/LOX |
| Third stage – KVTK (optional, under development) | |
| Powered by | 1 × RD-0146D |
| Maximum thrust | 68.6 kN (15,400 lbf) |
| Specific impulse | 463 s (4.54 km/s) |
| Burn time | 1,350 seconds |
| Propellant | LH2/LOX |
In the Angara A5, the four URM-1s used as boosters operate at full thrust for approximately 214 seconds, then separate. The URM-1 forming the vehicle's core is operated at full thrust for lift off, then throttled down to 30% to conserve propellant. The core is throttled back up after the boosters have separated and continues burning for another 110 seconds.[3]
The first Angara A5 test flight was launched on 23 December 2014. The second test flight was launched on 14 December 2020 from Plesetsk.[4]
Launches
edit| Date/time (UTC) | Configuration | Serial number | Launch pad | Outcome | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Payload | Separation orbit | Operator | Function | ||
| Remarks | |||||
| 23 December 2014 05:57 UTC |
Angara A5 / Briz-M | 71751 | Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Site 35 | Success | |
| 2,000 kg (4,400 lb) mass simulator (MGM n°1) | Low Earth orbit[6] | Roscosmos | Orbital test flight No.1 | ||
| Maiden flight of Angara A5, mass simulator intentionally not separated from Briz-M upper stage[5] | |||||
| 14 December 2020 05:50 UTC [7] |
Angara A5 / Briz-M | 71752 | Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Site 35/1 | Success | |
| 2,400 kg (5,300 lb) mass simulator (MGM n°2) | Geosynchronous | Roscosmos | Orbital test flight No.2 | ||
| Second orbital test flight | |||||
| 27 December 2021 19:00:00 UTC[8][9] |
Angara A5 / Persei | 71753 | Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Site 35/1 | Partial Failure | |
| 5,400 kg (11,900 lb) mass simulator (MGM n°3) | Geocentric supersynchronous | Ministry of Defence | Orbital test flight No.3 | ||
| First flight test of the Persei upper stage, a Blok DM-03 upper stage variant for Angara. Last of the three demonstration flights planned. Upper stage failed to restart for 2nd burn, leaving upper stage and payload in low Earth orbit. They decayed from orbit in a fortnight. | |||||
| 11 April 2024 09:00 UTC |
Angara A5 / Orion | Vostochny Cosmodrome, Site 1A | Success | ||
| Mass simulator to GEO + cubesat "Gagarinets" to LEO | GEO | Roscosmos | Orbital test flight No.4 | ||
| First flight of the Angara A5 from Vostochny Cosmodrome. | |||||
|
Future Launches | |||||
| Q4 2024[10][11] | Angara A5M | Vostochny Cosmodrome, Site 1A | TBD | ||
| TBD | LEO | Roscosmos | TBD | ||
| First flight of the Angara A5M. | |||||
| 2024[12][13] | Angara A5 | Plesetsk Cosmodrome or Vostochny Cosmodrome | TBD | ||
| Luch-5VM | Geosynchronous | Gonets Satellite System | Communications | ||
| 2025[12][14] | Angara A5 / DM-03 | Plesetsk Cosmodrome | TBD | ||
| Luch-5M 1 | Geosynchronous | Gonets Satellite System | Communications | ||
| 2027[15][16] | Angara A5M | Vostochny Cosmodrome, Site 1A | TBD | ||
| NEM-1 | LEO/SSO | Roscosmos | Russian Orbital Service Station (ROSS) Core Module | ||
| Originally intended for launch to the International Space Station. Now intended to go into a Sun-Synchronous Orbit at 98 degrees. | |||||
| 2028[17] | Angara A5 | Vostochny Cosmodrome, Site 1A | TBD | ||
| Orel | LEO | Roscosmos | Space capsule | ||
| Uncrewed test launch of Orel spacecraft. First launch of Angara A5 from Vostochny. | |||||
| 2028[17][19] | Angara A5P | Vostochny Cosmodrome, Site 1A | TBD | ||
| Orel | LEO | Roscosmos | Space capsule | ||
| Uncrewed test launch of Orel to the International Space Station. First flight of the Angara A5P, a crew-rated variant of the Angara A5.[18] | |||||
| 2028[17][18] | Angara A5P | Vostochny Cosmodrome, Site 1A | TBD | ||
| Orel | LEO | Roscosmos | Space capsule | ||
| Crewed test launch of Orel to the International Space Station. | |||||
| 2028[20] | Angara A5 | Vostochny Cosmodrome, Site 1A | TBD | ||
| Luna 27 | Selenocentric | Roscosmos | Lunar lander | ||
| Third mission of Luna-Glob Programme. | |||||
| NET 2029[20] | Angara A5 / DM-03 | Vostochny Cosmodrome, Site 1A | TBD | ||
| Luna 28 | Selenocentric | Roscosmos | Lunar lander / Lunar sample return | ||
| Lunar sample-return mission. | |||||
| NET 2029[19] | Angara A5P | Vostochny Cosmodrome, Site 1A | TBD | ||
| Orel | LEO | Roscosmos | Space capsule | ||
| Crewed Orel flight test. | |||||
| 2030[21][22] | Angara A5 / DM-03 | Vostochny Cosmodrome, Site 1A | TBD | ||
| Spektr-UV | IGSO | Roscosmos | Ultraviolet space telescope | ||
| NET 2030[20] | Angara A5 | Vostochny Cosmodrome, Site 1A | TBD | ||
| Luna 29 | Selenocentric | Roscosmos | Lunar rover / Lunar sample return | ||
| Lunar sample-return mission. | |||||
| NET 2030[19] | Angara A5P | Vostochny Cosmodrome, Site 1A | TBD | ||
| Orel | LEO | Roscosmos | Space capsule | ||
| Crewed Orel flight test. | |||||
| NET 2030[23] | Angara A5 / Briz-M | Vostochny Cosmodrome, Site 1A | TBD | ||
| Spektr-M | Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange Point | Roscosmos | Millimeter wavelength space telescope | ||
See Also
editReferences
edit- ^ "MGM n°3". 24 December 2021. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
- ^ a b "ГКНПЦ имени М.В.Хруничева | Семейство ракет-носителей "Ангара"". 2017-01-18. Archived from the original on 2017-01-18. Retrieved 2023-11-26.
- ^ "Angara A5 - Spaceflight101". 2015-09-25. Archived from the original on 2015-09-25. Retrieved 2023-11-26.
- ^ "Launch Schedule – Spaceflight Now". Retrieved 2023-11-26.
- ^ "Разгонный блок "Бриз-М" вывел на целевую орбиту условный спутник, запущенный на "Ангаре"" [Briz-M upper stage brought satellite to orbit, launched by Angara] (in Russian). ITAR-TASS. December 23, 2014. Retrieved December 23, 2014.
- ^ "Russia made its first test launch "Angara-A5"". RIA Novosti. December 23, 2014. Retrieved December 23, 2014.
- ^ Zak, Anatoly (3 October 2020). "Second mission of the Angara-5 rocket". RussianSpaceWeb.com. Retrieved 14 December 2020.
- ^ Mooney, Justin (27 December 2021). "Russia launches third and final Angara A5 demonstration mission". NASASpaceFlight. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
- ^ "Третий испытательный пуск тяжелой ракеты "Ангара-А5" осуществлен с космодрома Плесецк - Минобороны РФ" [The third test launch of the Angara-A5 heavy rocket was carried out from the Plesetsk cosmodrome - Russian Defense Ministry]. Interfax (in Russian). 27 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
- ^ "Первый запуск модернизированной тяжелой "Ангары" запланирован на конец 2024 года" [The first launch of the modernized heavy "Angara" is scheduled for the end of 2024] (in Russian). TASS. 24 December 2020. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ^ "Источник: Минобороны и "Роскосмос" согласовали облик "Ангары-А5М"" [Source: Ministry of Defense and Roscosmos approve Angara-A5M] (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 31 January 2020. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ^ a b "Сибирский спутник - Для глобального применения - О СИСТЕМЕ "ЛУЧ"" [Siberian Sputnik - For Global Applications - ABOUT THE LUCH SYSTEM] (PDF) (in Russian). Information Satellite Systems Reshetnev. 19 November 2020. p. 4. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ^ "Система ретрансляции "Луч" обеспечит связь с космическими аппаратами при их полете к Луне" [The Luch relay system will provide communications with spacecraft during their flight to the Moon] (in Russian). TASS. 28 September 2020. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ^ "Система ретрансляции "Луч" будет состоять из четырех спутников" [The Luch relay system will consist of four satellites] (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 10 April 2019. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ^ "Russia to set up national orbital outpost in 2027 — Roscosmos". TASS. 24 January 2023. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
- ^ "Научно-энергетический модуль запустят на "Ангаре" с Восточного" [The Science Power Module will be launched on an Angara from Vostochny] (in Russian). Roscosmos. 24 April 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ^ a b c Katya Pavlushchenko [@katlinengrey] (15 August 2023). "Both the first uncrewed test flight and the first crewed test flight of the planned #Oryol spacecraft are scheduled for 2028, said the chief designer of ROS (it's not a misprint, now they call it ROS instead of ROSS), deputy director of RSC Energia Vladimir Kozhevnikov" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ a b "Russia to create Angara-A5P rocket for manned space launches by 2024". TASS. 6 November 2019. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ^ a b c "Определен срок полета российского корабля "Орел" с экипажем на МКС" [The scheduled time for the first crewed flight of the Russian spacecraft Orel to the ISS has been determined] (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 13 February 2020. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ^ a b c "Ученый сообщил об активном ходе работ по импортозамещению комплектующих "Луны-27"" [The scientist reported on the active progress of work on import substitution of Luna-27 components]. TASS (in Russian). 19 July 2023. Retrieved 27 July 2023.
- ^ "В Институте астрономии РАН заявили, что обсерваторию "Спектр-УФ" не запустят до 2030 года" [The Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences said that the Spektr-UV observatory will not be launched until 2030]. TASS (in Russian). 21 December 2023. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
- ^ Zak, Anatoly. "Spektr-UF". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
- ^ "Russia, France draft agreement on deep space exploration". TASS. 6 November 2019. Retrieved 7 November 2019.