Wikipedia

Amalda

Amalda is a genus of medium-sized sea snails, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Ancillariidae, the olives and allies.[2]

Amalda
A shell of Amalda australis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Neogastropoda
Superfamily: Olivoidea
Family: Ancillariidae
Genus: Amalda
H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853[1]
Type species
Amalda tankervillii
Swainson, W.A., 1825
Species

See text

Synonyms[2]
  • Amalda (Amalda) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 accepted, alternate representation
  • Amalda (Baryspira) P. Fischer, 1883 · accepted, alternate representation
  • Amalda (Gracilispira) Olson, 1956 · accepted, alternate representation
  • Amalda (Mundaspira) Ninomiya, 1990· accepted, alternate representation
  • Amalda (Mundaspira) Ninomiya, 1990· accepted, alternate representation
  • † Amalda (Pinguispira) Finlay, 1926 · accepted, alternate representation
  • Amalda (Spinaspira) Olson, 1956 · accepted, alternate representation
  • Ancilla (Baryspira) P. Fischer, 1883
  • Ancilla (Pinguispira) Finlay, 1926
  • Ancillaria (Amalda) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 superseded rank
  • Austrancilla Habe, 1959
  • Baryspira Fischer, 1883
  • † Baryspira (Gemaspira) Olson, 1956
  • † Baryspira (Gracilispira) Olson, 1956
  • Baryspira (Pinguispira) Finlay, 1926
  • Baryspira (Spinaspira) Olson, 1956
  • Dipsaccus (Amalda) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (original rank)
  • Gracilispira Olsson, 1956
  • Sandella Gray, 1857

Description

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The thin shell is not umbilicated. The spire is elongated with the suture enamelled. The primary spire callus covers most of the spire, including at least part of the protoconch, leaving in most cases only the first protoconch whorl exposed.[3] The inner lip has the callus moderate, defined. The outer lip is simple.[4]

Distribution

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These snails usually live in the sand in fairly shallow water in tropical and temperate regions of the world with a particularly rich fauna in Australia and the Indo-West Pacific. Most species are predators of marine bivalves.[5][6][7]

In general, both shallow and deep-water species of Amalda tend to have relatively narrow distribution ranges within the Indo-Pacific, where local faunas are often dominated by narrow endemics, particularly in South Africa and, to a lesser extent, Australia. While some species exhibit broader distributions—such as A. hinomotoensis, found from Japan to Taiwan, and A. mamillata, present in regions including Indonesia, the Strait of Malacca, Vietnam, and the China Seas (Gratecap 2016b)—such broad distributions should be interpreted with caution.[3][8]

Species

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A live Amalda australis collected from seagrass bed at Kohimarama Beach, Auckland

Species within the genus Amalda include:[9][10]

 
Amalda glandiformis (Lamarck, 1810), a fossil species from the Miocene of Austria

Species brought into synonymy

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  • Amalda albicallosa [sic]: synonym of Amalda albocallosa (Lischke, 1873)
  • Amalda ampla (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Ancilla ampla (Gmelin, 1791)
  • † Amalda buccinoides (Lamarck, 1803): synonym of † Spirancilla buccinoides (Lamarck, 1803)
  • Amalda callifera Thiele, 1925: synonym of Amalda reevei (E.A. Smith, 1904)
  • Amalda dyspetes (Iredale, 1924): synonym of Amalda marginata (Lamarck, 1811)
  • Amalda elongata (Gray, 1874): synonym of Ancillista muscae (Pilsbry, 1926)
  • Amalda errorum Tomlin, 1921: synonym of Amalda angustata (G.B. Sowerby II, 1859)
  • Amalda fusiformis (Petterdi, 1886): synonym of Amalda petterdi (Tate, 1893) (invalid: not J. Sowerby, 1850)
  • Amalda hayashi Ninomiya, 1988: synonym of Amalda rubiginosa (Swainson, 1823)
  • Amalda lanceolata Ninomiya, 1991: synonym of Amalda petterdi (Tate, 1893) (junior subjective synonym)
  • † Amalda lanceolata (Tate, 1889): synonym of † Baryspira lanceolata (Tate, 1889) (superseded combination)
  • Amalda maritzae Bozzetti, 2007: synonym of Amalda allaryi Bozzetti, 2007 (uncertain synonym)
  • Amalda procerum Ninomiya, 1991: synonym of Amalda procera Ninomiya, 1991
  • Amalda siberutensis Thiele, 1925: synonym of Ancilla siberutensis Thiele, 1925
  • Amalda sibuetae Kantor & Bouchet, 1999: synonym of Turrancilla sibuetae (Kantor & Bouchet, 1999) (original combination)
  • Amalda sidneyensis Ninomiya, 1991: synonym of Amalda edithae (Pritchard & Gatliff, 1899) (junior subjective synonym)
  • Amalda tankervillei (Swainson, 1825): synonym of Amalda tankervillii (Swainson, 1825)
  • Amalda virgineus Ninomiya, 1990: synonym of Amalda virginea Ninomiya, 1990
  • Amalda zeigleri Ninomiya, 1987: synonym of Amalda pacei Petuch, 1987

References

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  1. ^ Adams H. & Adams A. (1853). Gen. Moll. 1: 148.
  2. ^ a b Bouchet, P. (2014). Amalda H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=390993 on 2015-01-18
  3. ^ a b Yuri I. Kantor, Magalie Castelin, Alexander Fedosov, Philippe Bouchet (2020), The Indo-Pacific Amalda (Neogastropoda, Olivoidea, Ancillariidae) revisited with molecular data, with special emphasis on New Caledonia; European Journal of Taxonomy, [S.l.], n. 706, aug. 2020. ISSN 2118-9773   This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license.
  4. ^ Adams, H. & Adams, A. (1853–1858). The genera of Recent Mollusca; arranged according to their organization. London, van Voorst. Vol. 1: xl + 484 pp.; vol. 2: 661 pp.; vol. 3: 138 pls
  5. ^ Kantor, Yu. I.; Fedosov, A. E.; Puillandre, N.; Bonillo, C.; Bouchet, P. (2017). "Returning to the roots: morphology, molecular phylogeny and classification of the Olivoidea (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 180 (3): 493–541. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw003. ISSN 0024-4082.
  6. ^ Powell, A.W.B. (1979). New Zealand Mollusca: Marine, Land, and Freshwater Shells. New Zealand: William Collins Publishers Ltd.
  7. ^ Gemmell, Michael R.; Trewick, Steven A.; Hills, Simon F. K.; Morgan‐Richards, Mary (2020). "Phylogenetic topology and timing of New Zealand olive shells are consistent with punctuated equilibrium". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 58: 209–220. doi:10.1111/jzs.12342. ISSN 0947-5745.
  8. ^ Gratecap, D. (2016). "Le genre Amalda dans l'Océan Indien et le Pacifique ouest". Xenophora. 156: 4–15.
  9. ^ WoRMS : Amalda; accessed : 27 October 2010
  10. ^ "Amalda rubrofasciata". www.seashellsofnsw.org.au. Retrieved 31 January 2007.

Further reading

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  • Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-00-216906-1
  • Kilburn, R.N. & Bouchet, P. 1988. The genus Amalda in New Caledonia (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Olividae, Ancillinae). Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Paris 4 10: 277-300
  • Wilson, B. 1994. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Kallaroo, WA : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 2 370 pp.
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