Alonzo Delano (July 2, 1806 - September 8, 1874), who went by the pen name "Old Block", was an American humorist, pioneer town city father, and a California Gold Rush Forty-niner. Delano's sketches of gold rush camp life rivaled Bret Harte and Mark Twain in popularity.[1]
Alonzo Delano | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | July 2, 1806 Aurora, New York U.S. |
| Died | September 8, 1874 (aged 68) Grass Valley, California, U.S. |
| Pen name | Old Block |
| Occupation | Humorist |
| Nationality | American |
| Genre | Historical fiction, travel literature, satire, social commentary, newspaper column |
| Notable works | Life on the Plains and Among the Diggings |
| Spouse | Mary Burt; Maria Harmon |
| Children | Fred; Harriet |
Early life
editDelano was born in Aurora, New York. His father, Dr. Frederick Delano, a physician, was an early settler of the town.[2] Delano had ten siblings.[3] The family descended from French Huguenots. His great-great-grandfather, Phillipe de la Noye, was also the great-great-great-great-grandfather of U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
He left school when he was young, and started working at age fifteen. His work as an itinerant merchant took him to frontier communities in Ohio and Indiana. By 1848, Delano had relocated his family to Ottawa, Illinois where he worked as a merchant selling bank stocks, flour, lard, silk, and whiskey,[4] while becoming a well-respected community leader.[3] He became ill that year with consumption, and following his physician's orders for a change of residence and more exertion, Delano decided to head west to California. Before departing, he made arrangements to send correspondence to the publishers of two newspapers, the Ottawa Free Trader and True Delta in New Orleans. At the age of 42, and being sick, he shipped his belongings, including cattle, to join the Dayton Company of travelers in St. Joseph, Missouri, the rendezvous point. His first week traveling was spent delirious with fever. He did not see his family again for six years.[3]
Career
editWhen Delano reached Marysville, California, he earned $400 in three weeks drawing portraits of whiskered gold miners at an ounce of gold dust per head.[5] After reaching San Francisco, Delano became a correspondent for the San Francisco Daily Courier and the Pacific News. Along with Prentice Mulford,[6] Delano was one of the first to use “California Humor”, a style of writing that uses satirical social commentary that exaggerates situations.[7] Some of his articles were written by his long-nosed proto-Will Rogers figure "Old Block",[8] taken from his whimsical sketches of miners and gamblers. These articles were later collected and published in book form in Pen-Knife Sketches and Old Block's Sketch Book.[9] Charles Nahl was his illustrator. Delano's book, On the Trail to the California Gold Rush, was a chronicle of his 1849 travels to California, and included an Introduction by American historian J. S. Holliday. His letters, a journal, and some writings were published in Life on the Plains and among the Diggings. His comical play, A Live Woman in the Mines, features the hero Pike County Jess and heroine High Betty Martin.
In 1850, Timothy Ellsworth and Delano purchased a claim on Massachusetts Hill located near Gold Hill in Nevada County, California, and organized the Sierra Quartz Mining Company.[10] At one point, Delano owned one-sixth of the Massachusetts Hill Quartz Mine;[4] Delano & Co. was very involved in its development.[11] In 1851, Delano sold out his interest to Dr. J. C. Delavan, an agent of Rocky Bar, a New York company. Delano was a storekeeper in several communities, including Grass Valley. He was elected the first treasurer of the city of Grass Valley, California. He started working for Wells, Fargo & Company in Sacramento in 1854 and was Grass Valley's first Wells Fargo agent.[12]
Personal life
editDuring a visit to his hometown of Aurora in 1830, Delano met and married Mary Burt. They had two children: Fred (1833–1857) and Harriet (born 1843). After Mary died in 1871, Delano married Maria Harmon in 1872. Delano died in Grass Valley in 1874 and is buried at Greenwood Cemetery.[13]
Partial works
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- (1853) Pen-Knife Sketches. Or Chips of the Old Block. A Series of Original Letters, Written by One of California's Pioneer Miners, and Dedicated to That Class of Her Citizens by the Author.
- (1854) Life on the Plains and Among the Diggings
- (1857) A Live Woman in the Mines; or, Pike County Ahead. A Local Play in Two Acts
- (1856) Old Block's sketch-book; or, Tales of California life
- (2005) On the trail to the California gold rush
References
edit- ^ Noy, Gary (Winter 2008). "The Grass Valley Fire of 1855". Journal of Sierra Nevada History & Biography. 1 (1). Sierra College. Archived from the original on 2016-05-08. Retrieved 2010-08-23.
- ^ "Alonzo Delano" (PDF). The New York Times. September 23, 1874. Retrieved 22 August 2010.
- ^ a b c Noy, Gary (Spring 2010). "Alonzo Delano: Nomad Denizen of the World". Journal of Sierra Nevada History & Biography. 3 (1). Sierra College: Part 1. Archived from the original on 2018-06-14. Retrieved 2010-08-22.
- ^ a b Baumgart, Don (Feb 7, 2005). ""Old Block" Was Always a Shining Light". Nevada County Gold. Archived from the original on 2005-03-05. Retrieved 23 August 2010.
- ^ Harlow, Alvin Fay (1976). Old waybills: the romance of the express companies. America in two centuries, an inventory. Ayer Publishing. p. 175. ISBN 0-405-07692-4.
- ^ Starr, p. 83
- ^ Noy, Gary (Spring 2010). "Alonzo Delano: Nomad Denizen of the World". Journal of Sierra Nevada History & Biography. 3 (1). Sierra College: Part 3. Archived from the original on 2010-05-28. Retrieved 2010-08-22.
- ^ Starr, Kevin (2007). California: A History. Volume 23 of Modern Library chronicles. Random House, Inc. p. 136. ISBN 978-0-8129-7753-0.
- ^ Western Literature Association (U.S.), ed. (1997). Updating the literary West. TCU Press. p. 105. ISBN 0-87565-175-5.
- ^ The Bay of San Francisco: the metropolis of the Pacific Coast and its suburban cities : a history, Volume 1 (Digitized Jan 23, 2008 ed.). Lewis Publishing Co. 1892. p. 412.
- ^ Wheat, Carl I. (March 1933). "# The Rocky-Bar Mining Company: An Episode in Early Western Promotion and Finance". California Historical Society Quarterly. 12 (1). California Historical Society. doi:10.2307/25178187. hdl:2027/uc1.31822042769612. JSTOR 25178187.
- ^ Brower, Maria E. (2006). Gold Rush Towns of Nevada County. Images of America. Arcadia Publishing. p. 15. ISBN 0-7385-4692-5.
- ^ "Alonzo Delano". Sierra Nevada Cirtual museum. Retrieved 23 August 2010.
External links
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Further reading
edit- Witschi, N. S. (2006). Alonzo "Old Block" Delano. Boise State University western writers series, no. 169. Boise, Idaho: Boise State University.