Albert II was a male rhesus macaque monkey who was the first primate and first mammal to travel to outer space. He flew from Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico, United States, to an altitude of 83 miles (134 km) aboard a U.S. V-2 sounding rocket on June 14, 1949. Albert died upon landing after a parachute failure caused his capsule to strike the ground at high speed.[1][2] Albert's respiratory and cardiological data were recorded up to the moment of impact.[3]
Albert II's flight, run by the Alamogordo Guided Missile Test Base and organized with the help of Holloman Air Force Base, followed the likely preflight death of Albert I before a 39 mi (63 km) high mesospheric flight aboard a V-2 rocket on June 11, 1948. The capsule was redesigned in-between flights to enlarge the cramped quarters experienced by Albert I.
Previous life launched into space
editBefore Albert II the only previous known living beings in space were fruit flies, launched by the United States in a V-2 rocket suborbital flight on February 20, 1947. The flies were recovered alive.
See also
edit- Monkeys and apes in space
- Animals in space
- Alice King Chatham, who designed Albert II's oxygen mask and harness
- Laika, a Russian space dog, the first animal to orbit the Earth (November 3, 1957)
- Ham, a chimpanzee, the first great ape in space (January 31, 1961)
- Yuri Gagarin, the first human in space and first primate to orbit the Earth (April 12, 1961)
- Enos, the first chimpanzee and third primate to orbit the Earth (November 29, 1961)
- List of individual monkeys
References
edit- ^ Monkeys in Space: A Brief Spaceflight History
- ^ Beischer, DE; Fregly, AR (1962). "Animals and man in space. A chronology and annotated bibliography through the year 1960". US Naval School of Aviation Medicine. ONR TR ACR-64 (AD0272581). Archived from the original on December 4, 2012. Retrieved June 14, 2011.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "The Beginnings of Research in Space Biology at the Air Force Missile Development Center, 1946–1952". History of Research in Space Biology and Biodynamics. NASA. January 1958. Retrieved June 26, 2021.
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