Adamjee Jute Mill was a jute mill in Bangladesh. It was established in Narayanganj in 1950 by the Adamjee Group. It was the second jute mill in East Pakistan (present-day Bangladesh) after Bawa Jute Mill, which was the first Jute Mill in East Pakistan. Gradually, the mill became the largest jute mill in the world, exceeding the jute mills of Calcutta (now Kolkata), India, and Dundee, Scotland.[1] The mills were nationalised after the independence of Bangladesh in 1972. It was operated by the Bangladesh Jute Mills Corporation before being closed down in 2002.[2][3]
 Adamjee Jute Mills entrance (1950) | |
| Company type | Public |
|---|---|
| Industry | Jute |
| Founded | 1950 |
| Founder | Abdul Wahid Adamjee |
| Defunct | 2002 |
| Fate | Nationalised in 1972 Dissolved in 2002 |
| Headquarters | , |
Key people | A.W. Adamjee Gul Mohammad Adamjee Zakaria Adamjee |
| Products | Jute related products |
| Owner | Adamjee Group of Companies (1950–1971) Bangladesh Jute Mills Corporation (1972–2002) |
Number of employees | 25,000 |
History
editAdamjee Jute Mills was set up by Abdul Wahid Adamjee, Pakistan's foremost industrialist, and scion of the wealthiest family in the country.[citation needed] Initially, the said project was a partnership between the Adamjees and the PICIC (the government's industrial arm). The Adamjee family, however, soon took control of the project, and eventually built it into the largest jute mill in the world.[4] In 1947, when India was partitioned, there were 108 jute mills in Bengal but all were located in West Bengal which went to India. After the Independence of Pakistan, Muslim entrepreneurs were asked by the government of Pakistan to create proposals for a jute mill in East Bengal. The Adamjee Group in December 1949 presented the government of Pakistan a proposal for the jute plant. The capital for the mills were to be provided by Adamjee Brothers and the Pakistan Industrial Development Corporation 50-50 equally. Siddhirganj was chosen as the site of mill due to the good river, road, and rail communication facilities.[1]
The first of three 1000-loom mills started production on 19 December 1951, the second in December 1952.[5][6] In May 1954, violence clashes took place between Bengali and Bihari workers at the jute mills.[7][8] The Police and East Pakistan Rifles were deployed to control the situation.[7] In the clashes, 90 were killed and 250 injured.[9] The third mill went into production in March 1956. In 1964, the firm added 128 broad looms to produce wide hessian cloth for which there was strong demand in the United States as backing cloth for tufted carpets.[5]
The Adamjee family lost control of the mill in 1971 during the Bangladesh Liberation War and it was nationalized after the Independence of Bangladesh. During the war, Bengali workers were replaced by Bihari workers in the. After the war ended, the Bihari workers in the factory were protected by the Indian Army.[10] It employed over 25,000 workers when it was closed on 30 June 2002. Since the nationalization, the mill had accumulated 12 billion taka in losses.[11]
Present
edit
After a strong battle for survival, Adamjee Jute Mills was officially closed down in 2002 despite huge protests from local policy makers and political opponents.[12] In that place, a new industrial zone has been installed, Adamjee Export Processing Zone.[11] In August 2011, the jute and textiles ministry sent a proposal to the prime minister of Bangladesh seeking her approval for rebuilding the second unit of the Adamjee Jute Mills in Narayanganj on 11 acres of land at an estimated cost of Tk 6087.2 million.[13]
References
edit- ^ a b Habibullah, M (2012). "Adamjee Jute Mill". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
- ^ "Adamjee Jute Mills closed". Dawn. 26 June 2002. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
- ^ Ashraf, Nazmul (29 June 2002). "Adamjee Jute Mills closes tomorrow". Gulf News. Retrieved 4 February 2018.
- ^ "Abdul W. Adamjee, Pakistani Magnate, Millionaire, Is Dead". The New York Times. 5 July 1972. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
- ^ a b Moiz, Abu (1970). Investors Handbook of Pakistan. Vol. 1. Karachi: Commercial Publishers. p. 116. OCLC 165101.
- ^ "World's largest jute mill goes silent". The Hindu. 2 July 2002. Archived from the original on 28 January 2015. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
- ^ a b Mujibur Rahman, Sheikh (2012). The unfinished memoirs. New Delhi: Penguin/Viking. p. 269. ISBN 978-0-670-08546-0. OCLC 840484565.
- ^ Uddin, Layli (2021). "'Enemy Agents at Work': A microhistory of the 1954 Adamjee and Karnaphuli riots in East Pakistan". Modern Asian Studies. 55 (2): 629–664. doi:10.1017/S0026749X19000416. ISSN 0026-749X. S2CID 218775961.
- ^ "Pakistan Riot Kills 90; 250 Injured in Labor Groups' Clash at Jute Mills". The New York Times. 16 May 1954. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 17 December 2022.
- ^ "Bengalis Encircle 30,000 Biharis in Mill". The New York Times. 30 December 1971. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
- ^ a b Hasan, Md. (26 March 2006). "Adamjee EPZ eyes $400m investment in 18 months". The Daily Star. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
- ^ Mahmud, Arshad (1 July 2002). "Tears as jute mill shuts with 30,000 job losses". The Guardian. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
- ^ "Proposal to reopen AJM awaits PM's approval". Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2013.