Acarviosin

Acarviosin
Names
	IUPAC name Methyl 4,6-dideoxy-4-{[(1R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohex-2-en-1-yl]amino}-α-D-glucopyranoside
	Systematic IUPAC name (1R,2R,3S,6R)-4-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-{[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-methoxy-2-methyl-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]amino}cyclohex-4-ene-1,2,3-triol
Identifiers
CAS Number	80943-41-5 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	2340579 ;
PubChem CID	3083346;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID30161850 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C14H25NO8/c1-5-8(11(19)13(21)14(22-2)23-5)15-7-3-6(4-16)9(17)12(20)10(7)18/h3,5,7-21H,4H2,1-2H3/t5-,7-,8-,9+,10-,11+,12-,13-,14+/m1/s1 Key: KFHKERRGDZTZQJ-HHHVGSORSA-N ; InChI=1/C14H25NO8/c1-5-8(11(19)13(21)14(22-2)23-5)15-7-3-6(4-16)9(17)12(20)10(7)18/h3,5,7-21H,4H2,1-2H3/t5-,7-,8-,9+,10-,11+,12-,13-,14+/m1/s1 Key: KFHKERRGDZTZQJ-HHHVGSORBI;
	SMILES O[C@@H]2[C@@H](O)[C@H](N[C@@H]1/C=C(/CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O)[C@H](O[C@@H]2OC)C;
Properties
Chemical formula	C14H25NO8
Molar mass	335.353 g·mol−1
Density	1.488 g/mL
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Acarviosin is a sugar composed of cyclohexitol linked to a 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucopyranose. Acarviosin is part of the potent α-amylase inhibitor acarbose and its derivatives. Acarviosin is a product of the degradation of acarbose by gut microbiota, the glycoside hydrolase from gut bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum is able to hydrolyze acarbose to maltose and acarviosin.^[1] The nitrogen atom binds to α-amylase more tightly than the natural substrate making it more potent than other inhibitors. Several other acarviosin-containing α-amylase inhibitors have been found in microbes including isovalertatins ^[2] and butytatins ^[3] from Streptomyces luteogriseus and longer oligosaccharides from Streptomyces coelicoflavus.^[4]

References

^ Jang, Myoung-Uoon; Kang, Hye-Jeong; Jeong, Chang-Ku; Kang, Yewon; Park, Ji-Eun; Kim, Tae-Jip (2018-02-01). "Functional expression and enzymatic characterization of Lactobacillus plantarum cyclomaltodextrinase catalyzing novel acarbose hydrolysis". Journal of Microbiology. 56 (2): 113–118. doi:10.1007/s12275-018-7551-3. ISSN 1976-3794. PMID 29392561. S2CID 2660911.
^ Zhong, D.; Si, D.; He, W.; Zhao, L.; Xu, Q. (2001). "Structural revision of isovalertatins M03, M13, and M23 isolated from the culture of Streptomyces luteogriseus". Carbohydrate Research. 331 (1): 69–75. doi:10.1016/s0008-6215(01)00006-4. PMID 11284506.
^ Si, D.; Zhong, D.; Xu, Q. (2001). "Two butylated aminooligosaccharides isolated from the culture filtrate of Streptomyces luteogriseus". Carbohydrate Research. 335 (2): 127–132. doi:10.1016/s0008-6215(01)00218-x. PMID 11567643.
^ Geng, P.; Qiu, F.; Zhu, Y.; Bai, G. (2008). "Four acarviosin-containing oligosaccharides identified from Streptomyces coelicoflavus ZG0656 are potent inhibitors of α-amylase". Carbohydrate Research. 343 (5): 882–892. doi:10.1016/j.carres.2008.01.020. PMID 18294624.

[1] Jang, Myoung-Uoon; Kang, Hye-Jeong; Jeong, Chang-Ku; Kang, Yewon; Park, Ji-Eun; Kim, Tae-Jip (2018-02-01). "Functional expression and enzymatic characterization of Lactobacillus plantarum cyclomaltodextrinase catalyzing novel acarbose hydrolysis". Journal of Microbiology. 56 (2): 113–118. doi:10.1007/s12275-018-7551-3. ISSN 1976-3794. PMID 29392561. S2CID 2660911.

[2] Zhong, D.; Si, D.; He, W.; Zhao, L.; Xu, Q. (2001). "Structural revision of isovalertatins M03, M13, and M23 isolated from the culture of Streptomyces luteogriseus". Carbohydrate Research. 331 (1): 69–75. doi:10.1016/s0008-6215(01)00006-4. PMID 11284506.

[3] Si, D.; Zhong, D.; Xu, Q. (2001). "Two butylated aminooligosaccharides isolated from the culture filtrate of Streptomyces luteogriseus". Carbohydrate Research. 335 (2): 127–132. doi:10.1016/s0008-6215(01)00218-x. PMID 11567643.

[4] Geng, P.; Qiu, F.; Zhu, Y.; Bai, G. (2008). "Four acarviosin-containing oligosaccharides identified from Streptomyces coelicoflavus ZG0656 are potent inhibitors of α-amylase". Carbohydrate Research. 343 (5): 882–892. doi:10.1016/j.carres.2008.01.020. PMID 18294624.

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