2024 Taiwanese legislative election

2024 Taiwanese legislative election
← outgoing members elected members →
All 113 seats in the Legislative Yuan; 57 seats needed for a majority
Turnout	71.28% ( 3.65pp)
President before election; Yu Shyi-kun; DPP	Elected President ; Han Kuo-yu; Kuomintang

Legislative elections were held in the Republic of China (Taiwan) on 13 January, 2024 for the Legislative Yuan of the Republic of China concurrently with the presidential election.^[1]^[2] This election was the fifth to use the mixed electoral system after it was introduced to legislative elections.

The results saw the ruling Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) lose its majority in the Legislative Yuan that it had held since 2016, losing 11 seats and retaining 51, while the Kuomintang (KMT) became the largest single party with 52 seats, and the Taiwan People's Party (TPP) won eight seats. The New Power Party lost all its three seats after failing to win a constituency seat or meet the 5% threshold for at-large representation. The election marked the first time under the current electoral system (introduced in 2008) that no party held an absolute majority in the Legislative Yuan,^[3] and the first in which the largest party in the legislature won neither the most constituency votes nor the most party votes. The term of the Legislative Yuan began on 1 February 2024.

Electoral system

Members were elected by parallel voting. 73 members were elected by first-past-the-post, 6 reserved for indigenous candidates by single non-transferable vote, and 34 by party-list proportional representation.

Contesting parties and candidates

A total of 315 candidates registered for first-past-the-post seats in the 2024 legislative election.^[4] Sixteen political parties submitted party lists to the Central Election Commission (CEC). A total of 178 nominees were included on party lists.^[5] On 15 December 2023, the CEC announced that six first-past-the post candidates, one candidate running for a reserved indigenous seat, and one party list candidate, were ineligible.^[6] The campaign period officially started on 16 December 2023.^[7]

Party		General seats	Aboriginal seats	Party list	Total
	Democratic Progressive Party	69	2	34	105
	Kuomintang	64	4	34	102
	Taiwan People's Party	10	1	34	45
	New Power Party	2	0	8	10
	Taiwan Statebuilding Party	2	0	7	9
	People First Party	0	0	10	10
	Green Party	1	0	8	9
	New Party	1	1	8	10
	Taiwan Solidarity Union	0	0	6	6
	Taiwan Renewal Party	10	1	3	14
	Chinese Unification Promotion Party	10	0	4	14
	Formosa Alliance	1	0	0	1
	Labor Party	2	0	0	2
	Independent	65	9	－	74
	Others	72	1	21	94
Total		309	19	177	505

Results

The Kuomintang won 52 seats in this election, making it the largest single party in the Legislative Yuan. The DPP, having won 51 seats, declined to the second largest party in the Legislative Yuan. The Taiwan People's Party ranked the third with 8 seats under its control. The DPP lost 11 seats in the election, which also meant the loss of the parliamentary majority that it had held since 2016. The election results also led to the removal of the New Power Party, which previously held three seats, from the Legislative Yuan after it failed to win a constituency seat or meet the 5% threshold needed to win at-large seats. Two independents, namely Chen Chao-ming and Kao Chin Su-mei, who were members of the Kuomintang caucus in the 10th Yuan, were also elected.^[3]

The election was the first in Taiwanese history in which the party that received the most votes did not win the most seats, and also marked the first time since 2004 that no party held an absolute majority in the Legislative Yuan.^[3] This result that TPP therefore has the "kingmaker" position, it's also meant that the TPP’s support was crucial in the selection of the President of the Legislative Yuan and the major policies.^[8]

The election was also the first time that an openly bisexual candidate,^[9] Huang Jie (DPP) of Kaohsiung city's sixth constituency, was elected to the Legislative Yuan.^[10] It was also the first time that an openly transgender person, Abbygail ET Wu of the Green Party (at-large), ran for the chamber, albeit unsuccessfully.^[11]



Party		Party-list			Constituency/Aboriginal			Total seats	+/–
Party		Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats	Total seats	+/–
	Democratic Progressive Party	4,982,062	36.16	13	6,095,276	45.09	38	51	–10
	Kuomintang	4,764,576	34.58	13	5,401,933	39.96	39	52	+14
	Taiwan People's Party	3,040,615	22.07	8	403,357	2.98	0	8	+3
	New Power Party	353,670	2.57	0	96,589	0.71	0	0	–3
	Taiwan Obasang Political Equality Party [zh]	128,613	0.93	0	78,138	0.58	0	0	New
	Green Party Taiwan	117,298	0.85	0	15,557	0.12	0	0	0
	Taiwan Statebuilding Party	95,078	0.69	0	32,583	0.24	0	0	–1
	People First Party	69,817	0.51	0				0	0
	MiLinguall Party [zh]	44,852	0.33	0	55,937	0.41	0	0	New
	Taiwan Solidarity Union	43,372	0.31	0				0	0
	New Party	40,429	0.29	0	9,143	0.07	0	0	0
	Judicial Reform Party [zh]	37,755	0.27	0	38,685	0.29	0	0	New
	Institutional Island of Saving the World [zh]	19,691	0.14	0	11,260	0.08	0	0	New
	Unionist Party	18,425	0.13	0	13,203	0.10	0	0	0
	The People Union Party [zh]	11,746	0.09	0	25,216	0.19	0	0	New
	Taiwan Renewal Party [zh]	10,303	0.07	0	33,347	0.25	0	0	0
	Social Democratic Party				74,375	0.55	0	0	New
	Formosa Alliance				15,433	0.11	0	0	0
	Taiwan Mahjong Greatest Party [zh]				7,839	0.06	0	0	New
	Rehabilitation Alliance Party				7,441	0.06	0	0	New
	Labor Party				6,453	0.05	0	0	0
	Justice Party				6,331	0.05	0	0	New
	United China Party				4,139	0.03	0	0	New
	Taiwan Nationalist Party				3,293	0.02	0	0	New
	Taiwan Revolutionary Party				3,072	0.02	0	0	0
	Chinese Culture Republican Party				2,583	0.02	0	0	New
	Family Basic Income				2,361	0.02	0	0	New
	Taiwan Plastic Surgery Federation Labor Party				1,881	0.01	0	0	New
	Chinese Women's Party				1,029	0.01	0	0	0
	People's Democratic Party				836	0.01	0	0	0
	Economic Party				472	0.00	0	0	New
	Patriot Alliance Association				310	0.00	0	0	New
	United Action Alliance [zh]				174	0.00	0	0	0
	Revival of the Chinese Alliance				136	0.00	0	0	New
	Independents				1,069,758	7.91	2	2	–3
Total		13,778,302	100.00	34	13,518,140	100.00	79	113	0

Valid votes		13,778,302	98.10		13,518,140	97.41
Invalid/blank votes		267,306	1.90		359,917	2.59
Total votes		14,045,608	100.00		13,878,057	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		19,566,007	71.79		19,468,969	71.28
Source: Central Election Commission

By constituency

Constituency			Incumbent member
Taipei City	I	DPP hold		Rosalia Wu
	II	DPP hold		Ho Chih-wei	Wang Shih-chien
	III	Kuomintang hold		Wang Hung-wei
	IV	Kuomintang gain from DPP		Kao Chia-yu	Lee Yen-hsiu
	V	DPP hold		Freddy Lim	Wu Pei-yi
	VI	Kuomintang hold	Vacant^[b]		Lo Chih-chiang
	VII	Kuomintang hold		Alex Fai	Hsu Chiao-hsin
	VIII	Kuomintang hold		Lai Shyh-bao
New Taipei City	I	Kuomintang hold		Hung Mong-kai
	II	DPP hold		Lin Shu-fen
	III	DPP hold		Yu Tian	Lee Kuen-cheng
	IV	DPP hold		Wu Ping-jui
	V	DPP hold		Su Chiao-hui
	VI	DPP hold		Chang Hung-lu
	VII	Kuomintang gain from DPP		Lo Chih-cheng	Yeh Yuan-chih
	VIII	Kuomintang gain from DPP		Chiang Yung-chang	Chang Chih-lun
	IX	Kuomintang hold		Lin Te-fu
	X	DPP hold		Wu Chi-ming
	XI	Kuomintang hold		Lo Ming-tsai
	XII	Kuomintang gain from DPP		Lai Pin-yu	Liao Hsien-hsiang
Taoyuan City	I	Kuomintang gain from DPP		Cheng Yun-peng	Niu Hsu-ting
	II	Kuomintang gain from DPP		Huang Shier-chieh	Tu Chuan-chi
	III	Kuomintang hold		Lu Ming-che
	IV	Kuomintang hold		Wan Mei-ling
	V	Kuomintang hold		Lu Yu-ling
	VI	Kuomintang gain from Independent		Chao Cheng-yu	Chiu Jo-hua
Taichung City	I	DPP hold		Tsai Chi-chang
	II	Kuomintang gain from DPP		Lin Ching-yi	Yen Kuan-heng
	III	Kuomintang hold		Yang Chiung-ying
	IV	Kuomintang gain from DPP		Chang Liao Wan-chien	Sean Liao Wei-hsiang
	V	Kuomintang gain from DPP		Zhuang Ching-cheng	Huang Chien-hao
	VI	Kuomintang gain from DPP		Huang Kuo-shu	Lo Ting-wei
	VII	DPP hold		Ho Hsin-chun
	VIII	Kuomintang hold		Johnny Chiang
Tainan City	I	DPP hold		Lai Huei-yuen
	II	DPP hold		Kuo Kuo-wen
	III	DPP hold		Chen Ting-fei
	IV	DPP hold		Lin I-chin
	V	DPP hold		Lin Jun-xian
	VI	DPP hold		Wang Ting-yu
Kaohsiung City	I	DPP hold		Chiu Yi-ying
	II	DPP hold		Chiu Chih-wei
	III	DPP hold		Liu Shyh-fang	Lee Po-yi
	IV	DPP hold		Lin Tai-hua
	V	DPP hold		Lee Kun-tse
	VI	DPP hold		Chao Tien-lin	Huang Jie
	VII	DPP hold		Hsu Chih-chieh
	VIII	DPP hold		Lai Jui-lung
Hsinchu County	I	Kuomintang hold		Lin Wei-chou	Hsu Hsin-ying
Hsinchu County	II	Kuomintang hold		Lin Si-ming
Miaoli County	I	Independent hold		Chen Chao-ming
Miaoli County	II	Kuomintang hold		Hsu Chih-jung	Chiu Chen-chun
Changhua County	I	DPP hold		Chen Hsiu-bao
	II	DPP hold		Huang Hsiu-fang
	III	Kuomintang hold		Hsieh Yi-fong
	IV	DPP hold		Chen Su-yueh
Nantou County	I	Kuomintang hold		Ma Wen-chun
Nantou County	II	Kuomintang gain from DPP		Frida Tsai	Yu Hao
Yunlin County	I	Kuomintang gain from DPP		Su Chih-fen	Ting Hsueh-chung
Yunlin County	II	DPP hold		Liu Chien-kuo
Chiayi County	I	DPP hold		Tsai Yi-yu
Chiayi County	II	DPP hold		Chen Ming-wen	Chen Kuan-ting
Pingtung County	I	DPP hold		Chung Chia-pin
Pingtung County	II	DPP gain from Independent		Su Chen-ching	Hsu Fu-kuei
Yilan County		DPP hold		Chen Ou-po	Chen Jun-yu
Hualien County		Kuomintang hold		Fu Kun-chi
Taitung County		Kuomintang gain from Independent		Liu Chao-how	Huang Chien-pin
Penghu County		DPP hold		Yang Yao
Kinmen County		Kuomintang hold		Chen Yu-Jen
Lienchiang County		Kuomintang hold		Cheng Hsueh-sheng
Keelung City		Kuomintang gain from DPP		Cai Shi-ying	Lin Pei-hsiang
Hsinchu City		Kuomintang hold		Cheng Cheng-chien
Chiayi City		DPP hold		Wang Mei-hui
Lowland Aboriginal	I	Kuomintang hold		Zheng Tian-cai (Sra Kacaw)
	II	DPP hold		Chen Ying (Asenay Daliyalrep)
	III	Kuomintang hold		Liao Kuo-tung (Sufin Siluko)	Huang Jen (Kin Cyang)
Highland Aboriginal	I	Independent hold		Kao Chin Su-mei (Ciwas Ali)
	II	DPP hold		Wu Li-hua (Saidhai Tahovecahe)
	III	Kuomintang hold		Kung Wen-chi (Yosi Takun)	Lu Hsien-yi (Sasuyu Ruljuwan)

By National-at-large

National-at-large legislators are apportioned by largest remainder method. Political parties will gain seats upon reaching the 5% threshold and allocated based on total votes. The quota remains as 2.9412%, each political party will be allocated a seat. The remainder will be allocated based on the largest remainder (Remainder: Democratic Progressive Party 0.7244%; Kuomintang 1.9683%; Taiwan People's Party 0.2496%).

**2024 Taiwanese legislative election national-at-large party vote share with elected national-at-large members**
Counties/Cities	Total Voters	Democratic Progressive Party		Kuomintang		Taiwan People's Party
Counties/Cities	Total Voters	Votes	Votes %	Votes	Votes %	Votes	Votes %
Taipei	2,090,062	511,126	33.36%	575,004	37.53%	334,389	21.83%
New Taipei City	3,402,064	846,766	34.81%	854,558	35.13%	556,980	22.90%
Keelung	312,207	67,018	31.01%	85,320	39.48%	48,401	22.40%
Yilan County	379,026	107,725	41.02%	78,944	30.06%	58,456	22.26%
Taoyuan City	1,882,592	429,373	32.14%	475,063	35.56%	338,329	25.32%
Hsinchu County	466,558	79,315	23.59%	132,160	39.31%	96,734	28.78%
Hsinchu City	359,465	79,721	30.20%	83,499	31.63%	77,496	29.35%
Miaoli County	447,767	79,224	25.32%	135,107	43.18%	72,815	23.27%
Taichung City	2,328,896	568,839	33.74%	576,758	34.21%	416,866	24.73%
Changhua County	1,032,636	251,994	34.58%	255,616	35.08%	170,903	23.45%
Nantou County	407,149	91,948	32.66%	114,454	40.66%	56,939	20.23%
Yunlin County	560,296	151,912	40.77%	119,039	31.95%	77,581	20.82%
Chiayi County	423,199	126,328	44.20%	84,207	29.46%	54,451	19.05%
Chiayi City	217,549	60,947	39.07%	50,475	32.35%	33,507	21.48%
Tainan City	1,567,432	508,784	45.97%	296,987	26.83%	214,469	19.38%
Kaohsiung City	2,312,303	728,109	44.90%	496,423	30.61%	283,062	17.46%
Pingtung County	681,631	207,893	44.40%	153,480	32.78%	76,870	16.42%
Taitung County	178,728	25,918	24.17%	56,017	52.23%	18,182	16.95%
Hualien County	267,824	36,580	21.45%	90,090	52.85%	33,383	19.57%
Penghu County	92,642	17,472	36.24%	18,523	38.42%	9,395	19.49%
Kinmen County	126,422	3,586	7.97%	28,688	63.79%	9,796	21.7%
Lienchiang County	12,083	482	7.96%	3,881	64.12%	1,330	21.97%
Note： Total votes are accurate as per Republic of China Central Election Commission

Elected National-at-large members
Democratic Progressive Party	Kuomintang	Taiwan People's Party

Lin Yueh-chin Puma Shen Ariel Chang Hung Sun-han Loh Meei-ling You Si-kun Fan Yun Ker Chien-ming Shen Fa-hui Chuang Jui-hsiung Michelle Lin Jean Kuo Chen Pei-yu	Han Kuo-yu Ko Chih-en Ko Ju-chun Weng Hsiao-ling Chen Jing-hui Wu Tsung-hsien Lin Chien-chi Chen Yeong-kang Hsu Yu-chen Hsieh Lung-chieh Su Ching-chuan Chang Chia-chun Wang Yu-min	Huang Shan-shan Huang Kuo-chang Chen Gau-tzu Wu Chun-cheng Mạch Ngọc Trân Lin Kuo-cheng Lin Yi-chun Chang Chi-kai

Aftermath

At the opening of the new Legislative Yuan on 1 February 2024, Han Kuo-yu of the Kuomintang was elected as President of the Legislative Yuan following two rounds of voting in which all eight members of the TPP abstained in the second round. Han obtained the support of the KMT's 52 members in the Legislative Yuan as well as two independents^[12] and defeated the DPP's You Si-kun and the TPP's Huang Shan-shan. The KMT's Johnny Chiang was also elected as deputy speaker, defeating the DPP's Tsai Chi-chang and the TPP's Chang Chi-kai.^[13]

Notes

^ District and aboriginal electorate; party-list voter turnout was 71.78%
^ The former legislator of this constituency, Lin Yi-hua of the Kuomintang, resigned in February 2023 to take the position of deputy mayor of Taipei. Since the remaining term was less than one year, no by-election was held. Source: "Legislator's plan to delay Taipei post questioned". Taipei Times. 2022-12-25. Retrieved 2024-01-21.

References

^ "Taiwan sets Jan 13, 2024 for presidential, legislative elections". Taiwan News. 2023-03-10. Retrieved 2023-08-08.
^ "2024 presidential, legislative elections slated for Jan. 13: CEC". Focus Taiwan - CNA English News. 10 March 2023. Retrieved 2023-08-08.
^ ^a ^b ^c "No party gets majority in Legislature; KMT wins most seats". Focus Taiwan. 13 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
^ "315 legislative candidates have registered". Taipei Times. 26 November 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
^ Lai, Yu-chen; Wang, Cheng-chung; Yeh, Su-ping; Wang, Yang-yu; Wen, Kuei-hsiang; Tsai, Meng-yu; Hsiao, Alison (25 November 2023). "ELECTION 2024/Parties weigh effect of KMT-TPP joint ticket failure on legislative elections". Central News Agency. Retrieved 26 November 2023. Friday marked the last day of candidacy registration for both presidential and legislative elections next year. According to the Central Election Commission (CEC), a total of 315 legislative candidates have registered to compete for 73 seats in the single-member districts, while 16 political parties registered their lists, with a total of 178 nominees, for 34 at-large seats.
^ Lai, Yu-chen; Liu, Kuan-ting; Yang, Evelyn (15 December 2023). "ELECTION 2024/8 ineligible to register as legislative candidates: CEC". Central News Agency. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
^ Lai, Yu-chen; Ko, Lin (15 December 2023). "ELECTION 2024/Campaign for Taiwan's Jan. 13 elections to officially start Saturday". Central News Agency. Retrieved 16 December 2023. Republished as: "Election commission officially starts campaign". Taipei Times. 16 December 2023. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
^ "No party gets legislative majority; small TPP to play key role". Focus Taiwan. 13 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
^ Storm.mg (2021-01-24). "觀點投書：護航黃捷不要炫耀雙性戀-風傳媒". www.storm.mg (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Retrieved 2024-02-01.
^ "Huang Jie becomes Taiwan's first openly gay legislator". Focus Taiwan. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
^ "Taiwan's 1st transgender legislative candidate vows to continue activism". Focus Taiwan. Retrieved 23 January 2024.
^ "Member of Taiwan's pro-unification Nationalists elected speaker in a consolation prize for China". Associated Press. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
^ "KMT wins speakership, deputy speakership in newly sworn-in Legislature". Central News Agency. Retrieved 1 February 2024.

[1] District and aboriginal electorate; party-list voter turnout was 71.78%

[fn1-13] The former legislator of this constituency, Lin Yi-hua of the Kuomintang, resigned in February 2023 to take the position of deputy mayor of Taipei. Since the remaining term was less than one year, no by-election was held. Source: "Legislator's plan to delay Taipei post questioned". Taipei Times. 2022-12-25. Retrieved 2024-01-21.

[2] "Taiwan sets Jan 13, 2024 for presidential, legislative elections". Taiwan News. 2023-03-10. Retrieved 2023-08-08.

[3] "2024 presidential, legislative elections slated for Jan. 13: CEC". Focus Taiwan - CNA English News. 10 March 2023. Retrieved 2023-08-08.

[nomajority-4] "No party gets majority in Legislature; KMT wins most seats". Focus Taiwan. 13 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2024.

[5] "315 legislative candidates have registered". Taipei Times. 26 November 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[6] Lai, Yu-chen; Wang, Cheng-chung; Yeh, Su-ping; Wang, Yang-yu; Wen, Kuei-hsiang; Tsai, Meng-yu; Hsiao, Alison (25 November 2023). "ELECTION 2024/Parties weigh effect of KMT-TPP joint ticket failure on legislative elections". Central News Agency. Retrieved 26 November 2023. Friday marked the last day of candidacy registration for both presidential and legislative elections next year. According to the Central Election Commission (CEC), a total of 315 legislative candidates have registered to compete for 73 seats in the single-member districts, while 16 political parties registered their lists, with a total of 178 nominees, for 34 at-large seats.

[7] Lai, Yu-chen; Liu, Kuan-ting; Yang, Evelyn (15 December 2023). "ELECTION 2024/8 ineligible to register as legislative candidates: CEC". Central News Agency. Retrieved 16 December 2023.

[8] Lai, Yu-chen; Ko, Lin (15 December 2023). "ELECTION 2024/Campaign for Taiwan's Jan. 13 elections to officially start Saturday". Central News Agency. Retrieved 16 December 2023. Republished as: "Election commission officially starts campaign". Taipei Times. 16 December 2023. Retrieved 16 December 2023.

[9] "No party gets legislative majority; small TPP to play key role". Focus Taiwan. 13 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2024.

[10] Storm.mg (2021-01-24). "觀點投書：護航黃捷不要炫耀雙性戀-風傳媒". www.storm.mg (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Retrieved 2024-02-01.

[11] "Huang Jie becomes Taiwan's first openly gay legislator". Focus Taiwan. Retrieved 13 January 2024.

[12] "Taiwan's 1st transgender legislative candidate vows to continue activism". Focus Taiwan. Retrieved 23 January 2024.

[14] "Member of Taiwan's pro-unification Nationalists elected speaker in a consolation prize for China". Associated Press. Retrieved 1 February 2024.

[15] "KMT wins speakership, deputy speakership in newly sworn-in Legislature". Central News Agency. Retrieved 1 February 2024.

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