2022 in piracy resulted in 115 reports of maritime piracy and armed robbery against ships to the International Maritime Bureau.[1] 288 acts of global piracy and robbery were recorded by the MICA Centre.[2] Piracy had substantially increased in the Gulf of Guinea; the year began with five incidents each month, through March, in the Gulf, where acts of piracy had become heightened during 2015 through 2020, while, overall, piracy incidents declined globally.[3]
The Covid-19 pandemic continued to impact maritime piracy in 2022.[4][5]
The Rwabee hijacking and hostage-taking in January had incentivized a return to coordinated naval anti-piracy measures on the Aden coast and in the Red Sea.[6] In 2024, research would indicate that the United Nations Security Council resolution for foreign navies to patrol Somali territorial waters had lapsed, in March, 2022, with the need for it to continue being then unperceived.[7][8]
Piracy and armed robbery in the Singapore Strait accounted for 65% of piracy incidents in Asia in 2022, according to the Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery against Ships in Asia (ReCaap).[9] The Caribbean was also among the most affected areas.[2] The Strait saw an increase in piracy,[10][4][11] accounting for close to 30% of incidents,[12] as did Asia's, Celebs and Sulu Seas, Manila anchorages, and in the disputed waters of the eastern Sabah coast in Asia.[13]
Efforts to reduce piracy off the coast of Somalia appeared to have succeeded, with no ship hijackings for ransom since March 2017.[14][15] Globally, incidents of piracy and armed robbery at anchor or at sea were at their lowest levels since 1992, with the vast majority of events occurring at night, under cover of darkness.[10]
The United Nations published The situation with respect to piracy and armed robbery at sea off the coast of Somalia in November.[16]
India enacted its first domestic anti-piracy legislation as the Maritime Anti-Piracy Act 2022, criminalizing maritime piracy and empowering Indian agencies with the authority to respond to threats.[17]
Sea piracy by cyberattack using ransomware had also become a growing threat to shipping companies.[18][19]
Events
editB Ocean
editB Ocean tanker was stolen by pirates twice in 2022, first, in January, and then, again, in November.[20][21] Flagged by the Marshall Islands, the tanker was boarded by eight armed pirates about 274 nautical miles south of Cote d'Ivorie, in November, who stole the ship's petroleum and damaged the vessel, before releasing ship and crew.[20]
MV Rwabee
editOn January 3, MV Rwabee was hijacked by Houthis in the Red Sea. The UAE-flagged cargo ship was said to be transporting civilian medical supplies.[22] Hostages, including 11 crew, were released in April.[23]
US Saildrone Explorer
editDuring August 29–30, a support ship from Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Navy (IRGCN) attempted to capture a U.S. Navy surface vessel in the Persian Gulf.[24] Shahid Baziar continued towing the unmanned Saildrone Explorer for about four hours before releasing it, while being shadowed and radioed by the USS Thunderbolt.[25]
References
edit- ^ "2022 Annual IMB Piracy and Armed Robbery Report" (PDF). www.icc-ccs.org. International Maritime Bureau. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
- ^ "What will keep ships — and people — safer in the Gulf of Guinea?". Washington Post. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
- ^ a b "The surprising link between piracy and Covid-19". lowyinstitute.org. Lowy Institute. Retrieved 23 April 2024.
- ^ "Piracy & the Pandemic: Maritime Crime in Southeast Asia, 2020-22". channel16.dryadglobal.com. DRYAD Global. Retrieved 23 April 2024.
- ^ "UAE, and joint naval force after Rwabee hijack". Tactical Report. 14 January 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
- ^ "Somali pirates return, adding to global shipping crisis". Reuters. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
- ^ Singh, Gurjit. "Maritime menace: Resurgence of Somali piracy". orfonline.org. Observer research Foundation. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
- ^ "ReCAAP ISC Annual Report 2022" (PDF). recaap.org. ReCaap. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
- ^ a b "Maritime Piracy Incidents at Lowest Levels in Decades". hstoday.us. Homeland Security Today. 19 October 2022. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
- ^ "Piracy, sea robberies in the Singapore Strait on the rise: Anti-piracy group". The Straits Times. Retrieved 23 April 2024.
- ^ "IMB: 37 piracy incidents reported since beginning of 2022". safety4sea.com. Safety4Sea. 13 April 2022. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
- ^ "Singapore Strait Remains a Hotspot for Maritime Armed Robbery". maritime-executive.com. The maritime executive. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
- ^ "Shipping industry says piracy off coast of Somalia is no longer a threat". Financial Times. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
- ^ "Piracy, Armed Robbery Declining in Gulf of Guinea, But Enhanced National, Regional Efforts Needed for Stable Maritime Security, Top Official Tells Security Council". United Nations. 2022-11-22. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
- ^ S/2022/819 (22 November 2022). "The situation with respect to piracy and armed robbery at sea off the coast of Somalia" (PDF). un.org. United Nations. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "9 pirates being brought to India to face legal action, says Navy a day after rescuing 23 Pakistani crew from Iranian fishing vessel". The Economic Times. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
- ^ "Cyber pirates". maritime-executive.com. The Maritime Executive. 22 November 2022. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
- ^ "Cyber Pirates Prowling Ship Controls Threaten Another Big Shock". Bloomberg News. Bloomberg. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
- ^ a b "Korean Tanker Boarded by Pirates for the Second Time in Gulf of Guinea". The Maritime Executive. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
- ^ "PIRACY: For Second Time in 2022, Korean Tanker; B Ocean Hijacked in Gulf of Guinea". Daily Trend. Daily Trend Media Network. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
- ^ "Yemen's Houthis reject UN call to free UAE-flagged ship". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
- ^ "Yemen's Houthis release crew of seized Emirati cargo vessel -spokesman". Reuters. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
- ^ "U.S. Navy Foils Iranian Attempt to Capture Unmanned Vessel in Arabian Gulf". dvidshub.net. DVIDS. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
- ^ "US says Iran seized and then released American sea drone in Persian Gulf". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 22 April 2024.