Yechezkel Feivel ben Ze'ev Wolf (Yiddish: יחזקאל פיוויל בן זאב וואלף, romanized: Yeḥezkel Feivel ben Ze'ev Volf; 1755–1833) was the Maggid in Vilnius in the early 19th century and the author of several books, including Toldos Adam, a hagiography of Rabbi Zalman of Vilna, the famed brother of Chaim of Volozhin and student of the Vilna Gaon.[1]
Yechezkel Feivel | |
|---|---|
| Personal life | |
| Born | 1755 |
| Died | 1833 (aged 77–78) |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Judaism |
Biography
editEzekiel Feivel was born in Polangen in 1755. Early in life he filled the position of rabbi in his native town, and later at Deretschin. He then traveled as a maggid through Germany and Hungary, and, after residing for some time at Breslau, returned to Polangen and devoted himself to literary work. In 1811 he was appointed rabbi to the community of Vilna, which position he filled until his death.[2]
Reception and Analysis of Toldos Adam
editFeivel's magnum opus, the biography Toldos Adam, achieved singular success in the rabbinic world. It is one of the few biographies which is cited in halachic works, including those of such leading scholars as Rabbi Akiva Eiger, Rabbi Ephraim Zalman Margolioth, and Rabbi Joseph Saul Nathansohn.[3] However, Feivel was criticized by various rabbinic authorities, including Rabbi Zvi Hirsch Chajes and Rabbi Chaim Elazar Spira, for plagiarization and falsifying sources.[4][5][6][7]
It has been demonstrated that large parts of Toldos Adam were lifted verbatim from the works of leading Maskilim such as Moses Mendelssohn and Naphtali Hirz Wessely, though not attributed to them.[8]
Works
edit- Musar haskel. Dyhernfurth: Yeḥiel Mikhel Maya. 1790.
- Toledot adam. Dyhernfurth: Yosef Maya. 1808.
- Bi'ure MaRIF, glosses on the Midrash Rabba.
References
edit
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rosenthal, Herman; London, N. T. (1903). "Ezekiel Feiwel ben Ze'eb Wolf". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 5. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. p. 318.
- ^ David, Abraham (2007). "Ezekiel Feivel ben Ze'ev Wolf". In Berenbaum, Michael; Skolnik, Fred (eds.). Encyclopaedia Judaica (2nd ed.). Detroit: Macmillan Reference. ISBN 978-0-02-866097-4.
- ^
Rosenthal, Herman; London, N. T. (1903). "Ezekiel Feiwel ben Ze'eb Wolf". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 5. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. p. 318.
- ^ Toldos Adam, Mechon Moreshes HaGra (Jerusalem 2012), pages 3-4, footnotes 3-4
- ^ Rapoport. Ittur Seforim (in Hebrew).
- ^ See Sefer Halikutim, in Rambam Shoftim (Shabse Frankel edition), Hilchos M'lachim chapter eight, law eleven
- ^ Spira, Chaim Elazar. Minḥat Elazar (in Hebrew). Vol. 4. p. 70.
- ^ Spira, Chaim Elazar. Nimukei oraḥ ḥayyim (in Hebrew). p. 10.
- ^ Breuer, Edward (1997). "The Haskalah in Vilna: R. Yehezkel Feivel's 'Toldot Adam'". Torah U-Madda Journal. 7: 15–40. JSTOR 40914829.