Tony deBrum (also Anton deBrum)[2] (26 February 1945 – 22 August 2017)[3][4] was a Marshallese politician and government minister. His cabinet posts included Minister in Assistance to the President of Marshall Islands, Minister of Finance,[5] Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister of Education.
Tony deBrum | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Minister in Assistance to the President of Marshall Islands | |
| In office January 2012 – May 2014 | |
| President | Christopher Loeak |
| Preceded by | Ruben Zackhras |
| Succeeded by | Wilbur Heine |
| Minister of Finance | |
| In office 1998–2000 | |
| Preceded by | Ruben Zackhras |
| Succeeded by | Michael Konelios |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 26 February 1945 Tuvalu[1] |
| Died | 22 August 2017 (aged 72) Majuro, Marshall Islands |
| Nationality | Marshallese |
| Spouse | Rosalie Maddison deBrum |
| Children | Doreen Frances deBrum, Dolores deBrum, and Sallyann deBrum |
| Occupation | Minister, activist, ambassador |
| Awards | Right Livelihood Award |
Life and career
editDeBrum was born in Tuvalu as the Pacific War was nearing its conclusion. The family later moved to Likiep Atoll. His father was a manager at Marshall Islands International Airport, while his mother was a teacher.[6]
One formative experience for him as a child was witnessing the fallout from nuclear testing at Bikini Atoll. He witnessed the sky turn "blood red" when out fishing with his grandfather as a nine-year-old boy.[7] For that reason, he was outspoken about the issues of nuclear testing and led a lifelong campaign for nuclear disarmament.[2] In 2014, he filed unsuccessful lawsuits at the International Court of Justice against all nine states that have nuclear weapons, describing the weapons as "a senseless threat to essential survival."[6] He linked the issue to climate change, and declared that it was "repugnant" for any citizens to have to leave their islands due to sea level rise having already had to flee the fallout from nuclear testing.[8]
He attended Chaminade University of Honolulu and then the University of Hawaiʻi, and was one of the first Marshallese to attend university.[6]
He helped organize the Marshall Islands' independence from the United States[9] and later served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1979 to 1987, from 2008 to 2009 and from 2014 to 2016. He was the Minister in Assistance to the President of Marshall Islands from 2012 to 2014. He was particularly outspoken on climate change, and participated in numerous conferences and demonstrations, including the People's Climate March in New York City in September 2014.[10][11]
In mid December 2015, he took part in the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference. He succeeded in forming a new coalition between developed countries and developing countries called High Ambition Coalition.[12][13] The coalition of over 90 countries was credited with galvanising the conference around the goal of holding global temperatures to a 1.5 °C increase.[13] He has been credited as instrumental in securing the Paris Agreement, and its aspirational goal of limiting the rise in temperatures to 1.5 °C.[6]
He was an outspoken proponent for ocean thermal energy conversion technology (OTEC) and tried to get the US and Marshallese governments to agree to build a 20 MW floating OTEC power plant by Kwajalein atoll in the Marshall Islands in association with Energy Harvesting Systems of Honolulu, Hawaii. On Kwajalein the local children nicknamed him "Mr. OTEC".[14]
Awards
editDeBrum won the 2015 Right Livelihood Award in recognition of his "vision and courage to take legal action against the nuclear powers for failing to honour their disarmament obligations under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and customary international law.".[15]
Personal life
editDeBrum is the uncle of Marshallese climate envoy Tina Stege.[16]
References
edit- ^ Friedman, Lisa (22 August 2017). "Tony de Brum, Voice of Pacific Islands on Climate Change, Dies at 72". The New York Times – via NYTimes.com.
- ^ a b "Tony de Brum obituary". the Guardian. 10 October 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
- ^ Darby, Megan (22 August 2017). "Tributes pour in for Marshallese 'climate hero' Tony de Brum". Climate Home News.
- ^ "Former Marshall Islands minister, Nobel nominee Tony de Brum dies". Pacific Daily News. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
- ^ "MARSHALLS POLITICAL FIGURE BACK AFTER 8-YEAR ABSENCE | Pacific Islands Report". 5 November 2020. Archived from the original on 5 November 2020.
- ^ a b c d Harvey, Fiona (10 October 2017). "Tony de Brum obituary". the Guardian. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
- ^ "Marshall Islands begins legal action aimed at global nuclear disarmament". the Guardian. 10 March 2016. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
- ^ Friedman, Lisa (22 August 2017). "Tony de Brum, Voice of Pacific Islands on Climate Change, Dies at 72". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
- ^ "Marshall Islands Politician, Climate & Anti-Nuclear Activist Tony de Brum Dies". Democracy Now!. 24 August 2017. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
- ^ "Climate change and security, Tony deBrum, Marshall Islands – Press Conference". UN. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
- ^ ""Climate Change is Now": Former Irish President Mary Robinson and Marshall Islands' Tony deBrum". DemocracyNow.org. 22 September 2014. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
- ^ King, Ed (10 December 2015). "Tony de Brum: The emerging climate champion at COP21". Climate Home News.
- ^ a b Vidal, John; Goldenberg, Suzanne; Taylor, Lenore (13 December 2015). "How the historic Paris deal over climate change was finally agreed". The Guardian. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Major ocean energy project planned off Hawai'i waters". Retrieved 26 October 2017.
- ^ "Tony de Brum & the People of the Marshall Islands". The Right Livelihood Awards. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
- ^ "Is this our last chance to act on the climate crisis?". the Guardian. 30 October 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2021.