Toma Tomas (Syriac: ܬܐܘܡܐ ܬܐܘܡܐܣ) (1924-1996), also known by his nom de guerre Abu Joseph, was an Assyrian politician and the leader of al-Ansar, a communist, Marxist–Leninist militia in Iraq during the 1960s and 1970s which fought on behalf of the Iraqi Communist Party against the Iraqi government.
Toma Tomas ܬܐܘܡܐ ܬܐܘܡܐܣ توما توماس | |
|---|---|
 Toma Tomas in his seventies | |
| Born | 1924 |
| Died | 15 October 1996 (aged 72) |
| Nationality | Iraqi |
| Other names | Abu Joseph |
| Occupation | Guerilla leader |
| Known for | Guerilla leader |
Early life
editToma Tomas was an ethnic Assyrian born in Alqosh in 1924 to a Chaldean Catholic family. He witnessed the Simele massacre first-hand when Assyrians escaped the massacres to Alqosh. This event was crucial in shaping his political ideas in the future.[1]
After finished elementary school in Alqosh, he moved to Mosul where he finished high school and joined the Iraq Levies. He later found his way to Kirkuk to work at an oil company. There he learned about communism and joined the Iraqi Communist Party in the early 1950s.[2]
Struggle against the central government
edit
He moved to his home town after the 14 July Revolution, which brought the Qasimists (who were allied with the Iraqi Communist Party) to power. The situation didn't last long however, the Arab nationalists revolted and the prime minister Abd al-Karim Qasim was executed. The communists where summarily executed and some led by Toma Tomas fled to the mountains of northern Iraq where they formed armed communist guerilla’s known as the Ansar and fought alongside the Kurds and Iraqi dissidents in their struggle against the central government.[3]
For almost 30 years Toma Tomas led the Ansar in many battles against the Iraqi army in the region stretching from the Turkish borders to Telkepe to the south.[2]
Death
editHe died in Syria on 15 October 1996 and was buried at the Chaldean cemetery in Nohadra. His remains were reburied in his home town Alqosh in 2010.[4]
References
edit- ^ "Papers of Toma Tomas". Archived from the original on 2016-10-18. Retrieved 2016-10-15.
- ^ a b الأصيل توما توماس , لم يكن للكراهية مكانا في قلبه.[permanent dead link], NirgalGate (in Arabic)
- ^ في الذكرى الثامنة لرحيل ( توما توماس - ابوجوزيف ) Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine, Ankawa.com (in Arabic)
- ^ نقل رفاة البيشمركة الانصاري توما توماس لمسقط راسه بعد اكثر من عقد على وفاته Archived 2012-07-18 at archive.today, AKnews (in Arabic)
External links
edit- Toma Tomas' diaries, Zahrira (in Arabic)