The Newark Public Library (NPL) is a public library system in Newark, New Jersey. The library system offers numerous programs and events to its diverse population. With eight different locations, the Newark Public Library serves as a Statewide Reference Center. The Newark Public Library is the public library system for the city of Newark, Essex County, New Jersey, United States. The library system boasts a collection of art and literature, art and history exhibits, a variety of programs for all ages. The library is home to author Philip Roth's collections.
| The Newark Public Library | |
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| Location | Newark, New Jersey, USA |
| Established | 1847  |
| Branches | 7 |
| Collection | |
| Size | 1,691,042 |
| Access and use | |
| Circulation | 164,022[1] |
| Population served | 281,402 |
| Members | 72,605[2] |
| Other information | |
| Budget | $11,351,129[1] |
| Employees | 98[3] |
| Website | www.npl.org |
James Street Commons Historic District | |
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| Coordinates | 40°44′41″N 74°10′14″W / 40.74459°N 74.17067°W |
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| NRHP reference No. | 78001758[4] |
| NJRHP No. | 1275[5] |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | January 9, 1978 |
| Designated NJRHP | February 10, 1977 |
Locations
edit| Name | Address | Website | Opening Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Branch Brook Branch | 235 Clifton Avenue | https://npl.org/community-libraries/branch-brook-branch/ | 1946[6] |
| Main Library | 5 Washington Street | https://npl.org/main-library/ | 1901[7] |
| North End Branch | 722 Summer Avenue | https://npl.org/community-libraries/north-end-branch/ | 1930[7] |
| Springfield Branch | 50 Hayes Street | https://npl.org/community-libraries/springfield-branch/ | 1923[7] |
| Vailsburg Branch | 75 Alexander Street | https://npl.org/community-libraries/vailsburg-branch/ | 1927[7] |
| Van Buren Branch | 140 Van Buren Street | https://npl.org/community-libraries/van-buren-branch/ | 1923[7] |
| Weequahic Branch | 355 Osborne Terrace | https://npl.org/community-libraries/weequahic-branch/ | 1929[7] |
Closed Branches
| Name | Address | Closed | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
| First Avenue | 282 First Ave[8] | 2010[9] | Budget cuts, 2009 financial crisis[9] |
| Madison | 790 Clinton Ave[10] | 2010[9] | Budget cuts, 2009 financial crisis[9] |
| Roseville | 99 Fifth St[11] | 2009[12] | Budget cuts, 2009 financial crisis[12] |
| Clinton Branch | 739 Bergen St[13] | 2021[14] | Hazardous Building Conditions[14] |
History
editThe historic Newark Public Library traces its beginnings to the Newark Library Association, a private organization that was chartered in 1847. In 1887, the people of Newark approved the founding of a Free Public Library.[15] The first director of the library was Frank Pierce Hill.[16]
The Newark Free Public Library opened on West Park Street in the central ward of downtown Newark in 1889 and offered a collection of over 10,000 books which had been acquired from the Newark Library Association.[17]
Over time, the influx of more books and an increasing population necessitated the construction of a new building at 5 Washington Street, the current location of the main branch of the Newark Public Library. An architectural marvel, the new building, designed by Rankin and Kellogg, was influenced by the 15th century Palazzo Strozzi in Florence, Italy.[17] The library also served as a museum, lecture hall, and a gallery.[17]
In 1902, John Cotton Dana succeeded Frank Pierce Hill to become the director of the library. John Cotton Dana greatly promoted the educational value of the library. For example, he established foreign language collections for immigrants and even developed a special collection for the business community.[18] This "Business Branch" was the first of its kind in the nation.[18] John Cotton Dana was employed at the Newark Public Library in Newark, New Jersey, until his death in 1929.[18] John Cotton Dana also founded the Newark Museum in 1909, inside the library, directing it until his death.[18]
After the death of Dana in 1929, Beatrice Winser took over as director of the library and Newark Museum until 1942.[19] In 1930, the library had a book truck which brought books to children throughout Newark.[20] In 1929, the library's New Jersey Collection was founded, which later became The Charles F. Cummings New Jersey Information Center. The CFCNJIC became a separate Library department in 1951.[6] In 1963 the library became a Federal Regional Depository.[21]
The Newark Public Library claims to have negotiated its first international interlibrary loan in 1955 with the German government.[22] According to researchers on the subject of international interlibrary loans, this is not exactly on the cutting edge of international interlibrary loan history, due to the fact that international interlibrary loans have been occurring in different forms throughout the ages. However, "The United States... was slow to resume international lending [after World War II]. Although some individual U.S. libraries reluctantly began to loan materials to Europe after the war, it was not until 1959… that the majority of U.S. libraries willingly resumed lending their materials across the Atlantic". Newark Public Library was a part of the vanguard to reactivate international interlibrary loans after the events of World War II, reconnecting the library systems of North America to the rest of the world. [23]
According to the Newark Public Library, the library itself was threatened with closure 2 times officially within a decade, one of these people responsible for the potential closure being the mayor of the city, Hugh Joseph Addonizio between 1964 and 1969. This was also taking place during the general time frame of the 1967 Newark riots, or rebellion as many would call it. The library was able to remain open through the help of federal aid funding. When the library was threatened with closure for the second time in 1969, a social movement of concerned citizens were able to put enough political pressure on the government in order to secure more funding. [24]
In 1989, the library opened what is now the James Brown African American Room to "generate and maintain an appreciation of African American history and culture".[25] Also in 1989, La Sala was established with the "largest collection of Spanish–language library resources in New Jersey.[26]
In 2002, The Newark Public Library partnered with a Latino community group, the Friends the Hispanic Research Information Center (HRIC), to create the New Jersey Hispanic Research and Information Center (NJHRIC).[26]
In 2018, the library launched a digital collection at http://digital.npl.org.[27] In 2024 the library scanned Newark's newspaper of record the Newark Evening News.[28]
Main Library Departments
edit- The Reference Center provides information on all subjects.[29] This division serves as the statewide reference center for libraries researching art, business, music, patents and trademarks, and U.S. government documents questions.[29]
- The Charles F. Cummings New Jersey Information Center provides New Jersey reference.[30] It is home to many unique collections on Newark and NJ including books, photographs, microfilm and archives.[30]
- The New Jersey Hispanic Research and Information Center consists of La Sala Hispanoamericana, the state's largest collection of Spanish Language books, the Hispanic Reference Collection, and the Puerto Rican Community Archives.[26]
- Special Collections includes graphic and visual arts collections as diverse as fine prints, medieval manuscripts and shopping bags.[31]
- The James Brown African American Room was established to "document, preserve and foster the history, culture and literary achievements of African Americans".[32]
- Other spaces in the main branch include the Children's Room, Teen Room, LGBTQ Center, and Special Services Room.[33]
- The Philip Roth Personal Library consists of Roth's entire personal library of approximately 7,000 volumes, as well as an exhibit about Roth [34][35] Novelist Philip Roth bequeathed $2 million and a large portion of his estate to the library upon his death in 2018.[34] The collection includes Roth's personal correspondence, photographs, scrapbooks, furniture, travel itineraries, typewriters, and over 7,000 books by various authors, many of which include notations in Roth's handwriting.[36][37] Roth cited a "longstanding sense of gratitude to the city where I was born" as motivation for his bequest.[34] The Philip Roth Personal Library opened to the public in 2021.[34]
Architecture
editThe four–story Italian Renaissance-inspired Main Library building was designed by John Hall Rankin and Thomas M. Kellogg, drawing inspiration from the 15th century Palazzo Strozzi in Florence, Italy. Their intentions were to have the building not only serve as a library, but also as a museum, lecture hall, and gallery, that would provide cultural, as well as educational experiences in an aesthetically pleasing environment. The building structure includes an open center court/foyer with arches and mosaics that extended upward to a stained glass ceiling four stories high.[38][39]
Main Library expansion and renovations
editThe Main Library has been renovated many times since its founding.[17] In 1922 and 1931 additions was completed.[17] In 1927, a mural was painted on the 2nd floor - The Fountain of Knowledge - this mural still exists today.[17] In 1949 a 10,000 square foot maintenance building was added.[17]
In 1952, a $1,500,000 renovation project modernized the building including covering the 2nd floor mural.[17] From 1987 to 1888 another renovation took place—restoring the mural.[17]
In 2006, renovations were carried out in the lobby, including new front doors.[17] In 2010-2011 projects included new carpeting and painting.[17] The Philip Roth Personal Library opened in 2021.[40]
In Spring 2021, the library received a grant from the State Library Construction Bond Act, with a project to update an older building.[41] In 2022, the Board of Trustees voted to reallocate these funds to create a new space for the New Jersey Hispanic Research and Information Center on the 3rd floor of the Main Library and create a new Technology Center on the 1st floor.[41] Construction is ongoing as of 2024.
- 1889-1901: Frank Pierce Hill
- 1902-1929: John Cotton Dana
- 1929-1942: Beatrice Winser
- 1943-1958: John Boyton Kaiser
- 1958-1972: James E Bryan
- 1972-1977: J. Bernard Schein
- 1977-1979: William Urban
- 1979-1987: Thomas J. Alrutz
- 1988-2004: Alex Boyd
- 2005-2015: Wilma Grey
- 2017-2019: Jeffrey Trzeciak
- 2020-2022: Joslyn Bowling Dixon [43]
- 2023-Present: Christian Zabriskie [44]
Board of Trustees
editAs of August 2024:[45]
- Dr. Lauren Wells, President
- Mr. Domingo Morel, Vice President
- Dr. Rosemary Steinbaum, Secretary
- Dr. Jason Ballard, Treasurer
- Dr. Robert J. Austin ll
- Mr. Miguel Rodriguez
- Ms. Aisha Cooper
- Havier Nazario – Representative for Superintendent of Schools, Roger Leon
Special programs
editTruth, Racial Healing, and Transformation (TRHT) Campus Centers
editAfter being selected by the Association of American College & Universities (AAC&U) to partake in the implementation of a Truth, Racial Healing, and Transformation (TRHT) campus centers, Rutgers University-Newark partnered with the Newark Public Library to aid in the development of the program. The AAC&U selected 10 universities to implement these programs and provided each a grant of $30,000.[46] The goal is to bring to light the issues regarding racial inequality in diverse cities like Newark. Though selected in August 2017, the programs began on January 17, 2017, at the Newark Public Library and include events that addressed DACA and the Charlottesville Riots and used spoken word poetry and art as mediums.
Philip Roth Lectures
editSince 2016, the Newark Library has hosted an annual Philip Roth Lecture.[47] Speakers have included Zadie Smith, Robert Caro, Salman Rushdie, Sean Wilentz, Tracy K. Smith, Ayad Akhtar, Nikole Hannah-Jones, and Jelani Cobb.[47][48]
References
edit- ^ a b Annual Report 2014. The Newark Public Library. http://www.npl.org/Pages/AboutLibrary/AnnualReport_2014.pdf
- ^ Annual Report 2006. The Newark Public Library.
- ^ "Newark Public Library". Census. Archived from the original on March 11, 2016.
- ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
- ^ "New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places - Essex County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection - Historic Preservation Office. January 10, 2010. p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 27, 2009. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
- ^ a b "Branch Brook – Newark Public Library". npl.org. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
- ^ a b c d e f impressM. "Tracing the Evolution of the City's Library". Charles Cummings. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
- ^ "Community Calendar". The Star Ledger. Aug 9, 2009. p. 32.
- ^ a b c d Barry, Carter (September 2, 2010). "Newark Residents Read All Night to Rescue Library". The Star Ledger.
- ^ "Community Calendar". The Star Ledger. April 12, 2009. p. 28.
- ^ "Roseville Branch". Newark Public Library. Retrieved 2024-08-29.
- ^ a b Ragonese, Lawrence (Jan 22, 2009). "A Difficult Chapter for Libraries". The Star Ledger. p. 13.
- ^ "Clinton Branch". Newark Public Library. Retrieved 2021-12-14.
- ^ a b "Newark Library Permanently Closes Branch: 'Hazardous Conditions'". Newark, NJ Patch. 2021-09-30. Retrieved 2024-08-29.
- ^ "The Newark Public Library". The Newark Public Library.
- ^ "Frank P. Hill Papers" (PDF). Newark Public Library. Retrieved 2018-04-19.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "History – Newark Public Library". npl.org. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
- ^ a b c d "John Cotton Dana - Newark's First Citizen | Rutgers University Libraries". www.libraries.rutgers.edu. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
- ^ Sterling, Guy (2014). The famous, the familiar and the forgotten : 350 notable Newarkers. Xlibris Corporation. ISBN 9781499079906. OCLC 958070634.
- ^ "The Newark Public Library - 125 years of innovation and service".
- ^ "U.S. Government Documents – Newark Public Library". npl.org. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
- ^ Newark Public Library. (n.d.). History. https://www.npl.org/about-the-library/history/
- ^ Miguel, T.M. (2007). Exchanging books in Western Europe: A brief history of international interlibrary loan. openYLS Yale Law School. https://openyls.law.yale.edu/bitstream/handle/20.500.13051/17695/2007_Exchanging_Books_in_Western_Europe.pdf?sequence=2https://openyls.law.yale.edu/bitstream/handle/20.500.13051/17695/2007_Exchanging_Books_in_Western_Europe.pdf?sequence=2
- ^ Newark Public Library. (n.d.). History. https://www.npl.org/about-the-library/history/
- ^ Robinson, Lauren (1989-02-15). "Newark library hails new era, opens African American Room". The Star Ledger.
- ^ a b c "New Jersey Hispanic Research and Information Center – Newark Public Library". npl.org. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
- ^ "Introducing the Newark Public Library Digital Archive – Newark Public Library". npl.org. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
- ^ "Advantage-Preservaion". newark.historyarchives.online. Retrieved 2024-12-02.
- ^ a b "Reference Center – Newark Public Library". npl.org. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
- ^ a b "Charles F. Cummings New Jersey Information Center – Newark Public Library". npl.org. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
- ^ "Special Collections – Newark Public Library". npl.org. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
- ^ "James Brown African American Room – Newark Public Library". npl.org. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
- ^ "Main Library – Newark Public Library". npl.org. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
- ^ a b c d "Philip Roth Fans Can Finally Explore the Roth Room at Newark Public Library in Jan. 2021". TAPinto. Retrieved 2021-12-14.
- ^ "About". On View at the Newark Public Library. Retrieved 2024-08-29.
- ^ Harris, Elizabeth A. (7 June 2021). "Look Inside Philip Roth's Personal Library". The New York Times. New York, NY. Archived from the original on 24 March 2022. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
- ^ "The Philip Roth Personal Library". Newark Public Library. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
- ^ "History". Newark Public Library. 2016-10-12. Retrieved 2024-12-02.
- ^ "James Street Commons Historic District · DANA". dana.njit.edu. Retrieved 2024-12-02.
- ^ "Philip Roth Fans Can Finally Explore the Roth Room at Newark Public Library in Jan. 2021". TAPinto. Retrieved 2021-12-14.
- ^ a b "New Jersey Library Construction Bond Act". New Jersey State Library. Retrieved 2024-12-02.
- ^ "History". Newark Public Library. Retrieved 2024-08-29.
- ^ "Newark Public Library Announces Appointment of Library Director, Joslyn Bowling Dixon". Newark Public Library. 2020-07-09. Retrieved 2024-08-29.
- ^ "Newark Appoints Accomplished New Public Library Director". TAPinto. Retrieved 2024-08-29.
- ^ "About - Newark Public Library".
- ^ Dixon, Ja (May 2018). "Rutgers Partners with Newark PL". Library Journal. 143: 16–17.
- ^ a b Glover, Tehsuan (2018-09-18). "Internationally Acclaimed Author Salman Rushdie To Deliver 3rd Annual Philip Roth Lecture at Newark Public Library". The Newark Times. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
- ^ https://www.npl.org/prl2022/ [bare URL]
Further reading
edit- Ellen M. Pozzi (2013). "Going to 'America': Italian Neighborhoods and the Newark Free Public Library, 1900–1920". In Christine Pawley; Louise S. Robbins (eds.). Libraries and the Reading Public in Twentieth-Century America. Print Culture History in Modern America. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299293239.
- Edwin Beckerman (1997). A History of New Jersery Libraries. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0810832720.
- George Robb (2019). "Propaganda, Censorship and Book Drives: The Newark Library in World War One". New Jersey Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal.