The Sinhala kingdom or Sinhalese kingdom refers to the successive Sinhalese kingdoms that existed in what is today Sri Lanka.[1][2][3][4] The Sinhalese kingdoms are kingdoms known by the city at which its administrative centre was located.[a] These are in chronological order: the kingdoms of Tambapanni, Upatissa Nuwara, Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa, Dambadeniya, Gampola, Kotte, Sitawaka and Kandy.[citation needed]
History
editThe Sinhala kingdom ceased to exist by 1815, following the British takeover. While the Sinhala kingdom is claimed to have existed from 543 BCE to 1815 CE, other political entities claimed to have co-existed in Sri Lanka spanning certain partial periods, including the Jaffna kingdom (which existed 1215–1624 CE),[5] Vanni chieftaincies (which existed from the 12th century to 1803 CE) and the Portuguese and Dutch colonies (which existed 1597–1658 CE and 1640–1796 respectively).[6] During these partial periods of time, these political entities were not part of the Sinhala kingdom, except Jaffna and the Vanni chieftaincies following the invasion by Parakramabahu VI, until his death.[b] Records by Faxian thero[clarification needed] and the Mahavamsa suggests it may have extended to Maldives and parts of India as well.[7][4]
Epochs according to the Mahavamsa chronology
edit- Kingdom of Tambapanni (543 BC–505 BC)
- Kingdom of Upatissa Nuwara (505–377 BC)
- Kingdom of Anuradhapura (377 BC – 1017 AD)
- Kingdom of Polonnaruwa (1056–1236)
- Kingdom of Dambadeniya (1236–1272)
- Kingdom of Gampola (1345–1408)
- Kingdom of Kotte (1408–1598)
- Kingdom of Sitawaka (1521–1593)
- Kingdom of Kandy (1590–1815)
Notes
edit- ^ such as Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa kingdoms
- ^ Parakramabahu VI was the last Sinhalese king to control the entirety of Sri Lanka.
References
edit- ^ Cavendish, Marshall (2007). World and Its Peoples: Eastern and Southern Asia. Cavendish Square Publishing. pp. 350–51. ISBN 978-0761476313.
- ^ Bandaranayake, S. D. (1974). Sinhalese Monastic Architecture: The Viháras of Anurádhapura. Leiden: BRILL. p. 17. ISBN 9004039929.
- ^ De Silva, K. M. (1981). A History of Sri Lanka. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0195616552.
A History of Sri Lanka.
- ^ a b Blaze, L. E. (1938). History of Ceylon. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 978-8120618411.
- ^ Manogaran, Chelvadurai (1987). Ethnic Conflict and Reconciliation in Sri Lanka. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 25–26. ISBN 978-0824811167.
- ^ Malalgoda, Kitsiri (1976). Buddhism in Sinhalese Society, 1750–1900: A Study of Religious Revival and Change. University of California Press. p. 29. ISBN 0520028732.
- ^ Fa-Hien's Records of Buddhistic Kingdoms. pp. 10–13.