The sensorimotor network (SMN), also known as somatomotor network, is a large-scale brain network that primarily includes somatosensory (postcentral gyrus) and motor (precentral gyrus) regions and extends to the supplementary motor areas (SMA).[1] The auditory cortex may also be included,[2] as well as the visual cortex.[3] The SMN is activated during motor tasks, such as finger tapping,[4] indicating that the network readies the brain when performing and coordinating motor tasks.[1]
Clinical significance
editDysfunction in the SMN has been implicated in various neuropsychiatric disorders.
- Bipolar Disorder: The psychomotor disturbances that characterize the depressive and manic phases of bipolar disorder may be related to dysfunction in the sensorimotor network (SMN) and its balance with other large-scale networks such as the default mode network.[5][6]
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Altered functional connectivity patterns in the SMN may contribute to various symptoms in the neurodegenerative disease .[1][4][7]
Nomenclature
editIn 2019, Uddin et al. proposed that pericentral network (PN) be used as a standard anatomical name for the network.[2]
References
edit- ^ a b c Chenji S, Jha S, Lee D, Brown M, Seres P, Mah D, Kalra S (June 2016). "Investigating Default Mode and Sensorimotor Network Connectivity in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis". PLOS ONE. 11 (6): e0157443. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1157443C. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0157443. PMC 4913931. PMID 27322194.
- ^ a b Uddin, Lucina Q.; Yeo, B. T. Thomas; Spreng, R. Nathan (2019-11-01). "Towards a Universal Taxonomy of Macro-scale Functional Human Brain Networks". Brain Topography. 32 (6): 926–942. doi:10.1007/s10548-019-00744-6. ISSN 1573-6792. PMC 7325607. PMID 31707621.
- ^ Bi B, Che D, Bai Y (April 2022). "Neural network of bipolar disorder: Toward integration of neuroimaging and neurocircuit-based treatment strategies". Translational Psychiatry. 12: 143. doi:10.1038/s41398-022-01917-x. PMC 8983759.
- ^ a b Biswal B, Yetkin FZ, Haughton VM, Hyde JS (October 1995). "Functional connectivity in the motor cortex of resting human brain using echo-planar MRI". Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. 34 (4): 537–41. doi:10.1002/mrm.1910340409. PMID 8524021. S2CID 775793.
- ^ Martino M, Magioncalda P, Huang Z, Conio B, Piaggio N, Duncan NW, Rocchi G, Escelsior A, Marozzi V, Wolff A, Inglese M, Amore M, Northoff G (April 2016). "Contrasting variability patterns in the default mode and sensorimotor networks balance in bipolar depression and mania". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 113 (17): 4824–9. Bibcode:2016PNAS..113.4824M. doi:10.1073/pnas.1517558113. PMC 4855585. PMID 27071087.
- ^ Doucet GE, Bassett DS, Yao N, Glahn DC, Frangou S (December 2017). "The Role of Intrinsic Brain Functional Connectivity in Vulnerability and Resilience to Bipolar Disorder". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 174 (12): 1214–1222. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17010095. PMC 5711589. PMID 28817956.
- ^ Agosta F, Valsasina P, Absinta M, Riva N, Sala S, Prelle A, Copetti M, Comola M, Comi G, Filippi M (October 2011). "Sensorimotor functional connectivity changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis". Cerebral Cortex. 21 (10): 2291–8. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhr002. PMID 21368084.