The Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung[note 1] (simplified Chinese: 毛泽东选集; traditional Chinese: 毛澤東選集; pinyin: Máozédōng Xuǎnjí), is a five volume collection of the written works of Mao Zedong ranging from the years 1926–1957. The collection was first published by the People's Publishing House in 1951, and was later translated into English by the state-owned Foreign Languages Press. A fifth volume, which included the works of Chairman Mao from 1949 to 1957, was released during the leadership of Hua Guofeng, but subsequently withdrawn from circulation for its perceived ideological errors.[1][2] There has never been an official "Complete Works of Mao Zedong" collecting all his known publications.[3] A number of unauthorized volumes of the Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung have been released, such as Volumes 6–9 which were published in India by the Communist Party of India (Maoist).
 Volume 1 of the English translation of the Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung. | |
| Author | Mao Zedong |
|---|---|
| Original title | 毛泽东选集 |
| Translator | Foreign Languages Press |
| Publisher | People's Publishing House |
| Published | 1960 |
| Published in English | 1965 |
| No. of books | 5 |
During the ten years of the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976), the People's Publishing House published 870 different editions of Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung (Volumes 1–4), with a total of 325 million paperbacks and 2.55 million hardcover copies of the Chinese editions created. The Selected Works were also translated into a 14 different foreign languages.[4]
History
editAfter the Seventh National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, Mao Zedong Thought became part of the guiding ideology of the Chinese Communist Party.[5] During the Chinese Civil War, various Communist Party-controlled areas published unofficial anthologies of Mao Zedong. It is estimated that 21 unauthorized versions of the Selected Works were published.[6]
In 1951, when Mao Zedong visited the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin suggested that Mao publish his anthology.[5] In May 1950, the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party formally decided to establish the Mao Zedong Anthology Editorial Committee, with Liu Shaoqi as its director.[5] The specific editing work was led by Chen Boda, assisted by Hu Qiaomu and Tian Jiaying, and all compiled manuscripts were revised and authorized for publication by Mao himself.[5]
The five officially published volumes of the Selected Works include most of the important works by Mao Zedong between the years 1926 to 1949. The first volume covers the period of 1926 to 1936 with selections related to the revolutionary civil wars in China. The second volume begins with the philosophical work by Mao, On Contradiction and contains writings from the years 1937 to 1938 related to the war against Japan. Selections discussing military strategy against both the Japanese and the Kuomintang are the subject of the third volume of the selected works, which contains selections from writings released between the years 1939 and 1940. The fourth volume covers the writings of Mao from the years 1941 to 1945, continuing the discussion of Chinese resistance to the Japanese. The fifth and final official publication is a selection of writings from the years 1945 to 1949 related to the final years of the Chinese civil war and the founding of the People's Republic of China. Each volume of the Selected Works includes detailed notes referencing the historical context of each selection included in the volumes.[7]
Volume Information
edit| Volume | Subject Range | Publication Date | Nº of Articles |
|---|---|---|---|
| Volume 1 | 1925–1937 | October 12, 1951 | 17 |
| Volume 2 | Early Sino-Japanese War | April 10, 1952 | 40 |
| Volume 3 | Later Sino-Japanese War | April 10, 1953 | 31 |
| Volume 4 | Pre-Founding of the PRC | September 30, 1960 | 70 |
| Volume 5 | 1949–1957 | March 1977 | 70 |
Volume 1
editThe first volume of the Selected Works included a total of 17 articles ranging from 1925 until the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan.[8] Published in October 1951, it was first printed by Xinhua Printing Factory, Peking First Branch Factory. It was sold at a price of 15,000 yuan and 200,000 copies printed.[1]
Volume 2
editThe second volume of the Selected Works included a total of 40 articles by Mao Zedong in the early days of the War of Resistance Against Japan.[9] It was formally published and distributed by the People's Publishing House on April 10, 1952, with a price of 25,000 yuan.[1]
Volume 3
editThe third volume of the Selected Works included 31 articles by Mao Zedong in the late period of the War of Resistance Against Japan.[10] It was formally published and distributed by People's Publishing House on April 10, 1953, and was priced at 15,000 yuan.[1]
Volume 4
edit
The fourth volume of the Selected Works included a total of 70 articles by Mao Zedong after the Second Sino-Japanese War and before the founding of the People's Republic of China.[11] It was officially published and distributed by the People's Publishing House on September 30, 1960, priced at 14,000 yuan.[1]
After the publication, the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party set up a translation room for Mao Zedong's works, which translated the Selected Works four volumes into a variety of foreign languages for publication. Since then, the translation room has gradually developed into the Document Translation Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party.
In addition to the four-volume edition, there is also a four-volume "one volume".
Volume 5
edit
A fifth book was planned as early as 1960, to include selected writings from the PRC period, but Mao resisted its production as he felt his essays and speeches on Socialist Construction (1949–1957) were still evolving compared to the views contained in the earlier volumes.[1][12]
The fifth volume of the Selected Works included 70 articles by Mao Zedong after the founding of the People's Republic of China. It was formally published and distributed by People's Publishing House on April 15, 1977, with a price of 1.25 yuan. The compilation and editing of this volume took ten years due to the Cultural Revolution and Mao Zedong's opposition to the publication of a fifth volume of his works. Hua Guofeng insisted on the publication of the fifth volume of the Selected Works.[12]
Unofficial Publications
editA number of unofficial volumes of the Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung, specifically Volumes 6–9 were published in India by Karanti Publications, Secunderabad, and Sramikavarga Prachuranalu, Hyderabad.[13] The Chinese Communist Party has not authorized or endorsed any further volumes of the Selected Works.
Notes
edit- ^ (Notes on the romanization of Chairman Mao's name: During Mao's lifetime the English-language media universally rendered his name as Mao Tse-tung, using the Wade–Giles system of transliteration for Standard Chinese though with the circumflex accent in the syllable "Tsê" dropped. Due to its recognizability, the spelling was used widely, even by the Foreign Ministry of the PRC after pinyin (Hanyu Pinyin) became the official romanization system in 1958. The spelling "Mao Zedong" will be used in the rest of this article, except in citations and reference to the titles of books, articles, and other media.)
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f Lei Han, Oliver. "Sources and Early Printing History of Chairman Mao's "QUOTATIONS"". bibsocamer.org. Bibliographical Society of America. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
- ^ Adler, Sol. "A Talk on the Translation of Volume V of Chairman Mao's Selected Works." 中国翻译 1 (1980): 6.
- ^ Wilkinson, Endymion (2018) Chinese History: A New Manual
- ^ "How Much Did Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, and Jiang Zemin Get Paid for Their Publications?". ChinaScope Magazine, September 2005 (Updated 8 February 2008), article by Jiao Guobiao. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
- ^ a b c d Xiong, Kunjing (5 December 2013). "《毛泽东选集》编辑出版始末". CPC People News. CPC News. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
- ^ 著 海萍 ， 张云燕 编 著.单 的 书 单. ：: 新华 出版社. 2014.12: 208. ISBN 978-7-5166-1255-2.
- ^ Tse-Tung, Mao (1954). Selected Works Volume 3. New York: International Publishers.
- ^ Zedong, Mao (1965). Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung Volume 1. Peking: Foreign Language Press.
- ^ Zedong, Mao (1965). Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung Volume 2. Peking: Foreign Language Press.
- ^ Zedong, Mao (1965). Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung Volume 3. Peking: Foreign Language Press.
- ^ Zedong, Mao (1965). Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung Volume 4. Peking: Foreign Language Press.
- ^ a b "《毛泽东选集》第五卷编撰秘闻". news.ifeng.com. 12 December 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
- ^ Grice, Francis (2018). The myth of Mao Zedong and modern insurgency. Springer. p. 50. ISBN 9783319775715.
