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The 2nd Army (German: 2. Armee) was a field army of the German Army during World War II.
| 2nd Army | |
|---|---|
| German: 2. Armee | |
 Insignia | |
| Active | August 1939 October 1939 – April 1945 |
| Country |  Nazi Germany |
| Branch |  German army ( Wehrmacht) |
| Type | Field army |
| Engagements | |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders | |
History
edit1939–1941
editThe 2nd Army headquarters was briefly established in Berlin from Group Command 1 on 26 August 1939 and at the beginning of the Invasion of Poland it was renamed Army Group North on 2 September.[1]
The 2nd Army was reestablished on 20 October 1939, with Generaloberst Maximilian von Weichs in command, by renaming the 8th Army, which had been moved from Poland to the west. After the beginning of the Battle of France the army was assigned to Army Group A in June 1940, when it fought across the Aisne and around Reims. In April 1941, the army was involved in the invasion of the Balkans, capturing Belgrade in a rapid offensive.
1941–1945
editFrom 1941 until the end of the war the army was deployed in the Eastern Front, starting with the Operation Barbarossa as part of Army Group Centre.[1] It advanced from Białystok to Mogilev, Gomel, Chernigov, Bryansk successively and defended against Soviet counterattack near Kursk. In 1942 the 2nd Army covered the northern wing of Case Blue operating in the surroundings of Voronezh under Army Group B. With Hans von Salmuth as the commander, it suffered a major defeat during the Voronezh-Kastornensk operation, the Soviet winter offensive that followed the battle of Stalingrad. On 4 February 1943 Walter Weiß replaced von Salmuth as commander.[1]
General der Panzertruppe Dietrich von Saucken became commander of the army on 10 March 1945. The army was renamed Army East Prussia (AOK Ostpreußen) on 7 April and was pivotal in the defence of East and West Prussia before end of World War II in Europe on 9 May 1945.[2]: 115–119 [3]: 20f.
Commanders
edit| No. | Portrait | Commander | Took office | Left office | Time in office |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Generaloberst Fedor von Bock (1880–1945) | 26 August 1939 | 2 September 1939 | 7 days | |
| 2 | Generaloberst Maximilian von Weichs (1881–1954) | 20 October 1939 | 15 November 1941 | 2 years, 26 days | |
| 3 | General der Panzertruppe Rudolf Schmidt (1886–1957) | 15 November 1941 | 15 January 1942 | 61 days | |
| (2) | Generaloberst Maximilian von Weichs (1881–1954) | 15 January 1942 | 14 July 1942 | 180 days | |
| 4 | Generaloberst Hans von Salmuth (1888–1962) | 15 July 1942 | 3 February 1943 | 203 days | |
| 5 | Generaloberst Walter Weiß (1890–1967) | 4 February 1943 | 9 March 1945 | 2 years, 33 days | |
| 6 | General der Panzertruppe Dietrich von Saucken (1892–1980) | 10 March 1945 | 7 April 1945 | 28 days |
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See also
edit- 2nd Army (German Empire) for the equivalent formation in World War I
References
editCitations
edit- ^ a b c Tessin 1973, pp. 83–88.
- ^ Beevor, Antony (2002). Berlin: The Downfall 1945. Penguin Books. ISBN 0670886955.
- ^ Tessin, Georg (1966). Die Landstreitkräfte 001–005. Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1939-1945. Vol. 2. Verlag E. S. Mittler & Sohn GmbH. ISBN 3764808713.
- ^ Nafziger, George. "German 2nd Army, Invasion of the Balkans, 1 April 1941" (PDF). The Nafziger Orders of Battle Collection. United States Army Combined Arms College. Retrieved 6 December 2015.
Bibliography
edit- Tessin, Georg (1973). Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1939–1945 [Formations and Units of the German Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS in World War II, 1939–1945]. Vol. 2. Bissendorf: Biblio Verlag. ISBN 3-7648-0871-3.