The Coal Industry Commission Act 1919 (9 & 10 Geo. 5. c. 1) was an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom, which set up a commission, led by Mr Justice Sankey (and so known as the "Sankey Commission"), to consider joint management or nationalisation of the coal mines. It also considered the issues of working conditions, wage and hours.
| Act of Parliament | |
 | |
| Long title | An Act to constitute a Commission to inquire into the position of and conditions prevailing in the Coal Industry. |
|---|---|
| Citation | 9 & 10 Geo. 5. c. 1 |
| Dates | |
| Royal assent | 26 February 1919 |
Background
editA royal commission, led by Sir John Sankey, was called to examine the future of the mining industry. Leo Chiozza Money, Sidney Webb and R.H. Tawney were the three economists on the commission, all broadly favourable to the miners. Others were appointed from business and the trade unions.
The commission offered compromises on wages and hours, and also recommended nationalisation. The government rejected the report.[1] No agreement was reached and, when the commission reported in June 1919, it offered four separate approaches ranging from full nationalisation to continued private ownership. The government cited this disagreement as a reason to reject nationalisation.[2]
The public impact of the report was such that, in Ben Travers' comic novel A Cuckoo in the Nest (1921), the Rev. Cathcart Sloley-Jones, under the illusion that he was addressing a Member of Parliament, "lowered his voice into a rather sinister whisper: 'What is Lloyd George's real view of the miners' report?'"[citation needed]
Commissioners
edit- Mr Justice Sankey, chairman recommended modified nationalisation [2]
- Frank Hodges, recommended nationalisation
- Leo Chiozza Money
- Robert Smillie
- Herbert Smith
- R. H. Tawney
- Sidney Webb
- Arthur Balfour, favoured minor reforms
- R. W. Cooper
- Sir Adam Nimmo
- Sir Allan M Smith
- Sir Evan Williams
- Sir Arthur Duckham, recommended reorganisation under private ownership[2]
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ "Labour legislation, The Sankey Committee 1919". The Cabinet Papers. The National Archives. Retrieved 12 June 2021.
Lloyd George initiated the Sankey Commission, which included several miners' leaders, to consider wages and ownership. The Committee worked out a compromise on wages and hours, and recommended state ownership of the mines - but the government refused to accept nationalisation.
- ^ a b c Taylor, A. J. P. (2000). "IV: Post-war, 1918-22". England 1914 - 1945. London: The Folio Society. p. 122.
References
edit- AJP Taylor The Oxford History of England: English History 1914-1945 (1965)