Dame Ruth Nita Barrow, GCMG DA (15 November 1916 – 19 December 1995)[1] was the first female governor-general of Barbados.[2] Barrow was a nurse and a public health servant from Barbados. She served as the fifth governor-general of Barbados from 6 June 1990 until her death on 19 December 1995.[3] She was the older sister of Errol Barrow, the first prime minister of Barbados.
Dame Nita Barrow | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 5th Governor-General of Barbados | |
| In office 6 June 1990 – 19 December 1995 | |
| Monarch | Elizabeth II |
| Prime Minister | Lloyd Erskine Sandiford Owen Arthur |
| Preceded by | Hugh Springer |
| Succeeded by | Clifford Husbands |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 15 November 1916 Saint Lucy, Barbados |
| Died | 19 December 1995 (aged 79) Bridgetown, Barbados |
| Alma mater | University of Toronto |
Early life
editRuth Nita Barrow was born in Barbados to a respected Anglican priest, the Reverend Reginald Grant Barrow, and Mrs. Ruth Alberta Barrow (née O'Neal).[4] She was the second of her parents' five children, whom included Sybil Barrow, Ena Comma, and Errol Barrow.[5][6] She trained as a nurse, midwife and health care administrator. She held a variety of nursing, public health and public administration jobs in Barbados and Jamaica in the 1940s/1950s.[5][7]
Education
editShe began her nursing profession in her early years following in the steps of her uncle and father, and completed her basic training at the Barbados General Hospital.[8] She then began training in midwifery at the Port of Spain General Hospital in Trinidad.[8]
Barrow was a graduate in nursing from Columbia University (New York), University of Toronto, (Canada), and the University of Edinburgh (Scotland).[8] She later continued her education in a specialized study at the Royal College of Nursing of Edinburgh University in 1951-52, and at Columbia University in 1962-63.[9][10]
As a public servant, she served as an Instructress at the West Indies School of Public Health in Jamaica in 1945 to 1950. She later became responsible in the Nursing and Public Health fields as the first West Indian Matron of the University College Hospital in 1954 and the first Principal Nursing Officer in Jamaica in 1956.[9][10]
Following the regional expansion of the West Indies School, she became a director of a nursing research project in the Commonwealth Caribbean. This led to modernizing nurses training and began the Advanced Nursing program at the University of the West Indies.[11]
Career
editBarrow's career began in 1964, when she became a Nursing Advisor for the Pan American Health Organization for the Caribbean area. In 1975, she became the Director of the Christian Medical Commission of the World Council of Churches (WCC) and President of the World YWCA (1975–1983).[11][12] She was president of the International Council of Adult Education (ICAE) from 1982 through 1990 and Convenor of the Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) Forum for the Decade of Women in Nairobi, Kenya in 1983.[11] In 1985, at the Nairobi World Conference on Women, Barrow served as the chair of the NGO Forum.[13]
She was a member of the Commonwealth Group of Eminent Persons that visited South Africa in 1986. During that mission she successfully thwarted South Africa's military restrictions, through entering the restricted area of Alexandra township disguised in African garb and head-dress.[14]
In 1980 Barrow was conferred the highest honor in Barbados; she was made a Dame of St. Andrew (DA) of the Order of Barbados.[15] She was also awarded an Honorary Fellowship of the Royal College of Nursing.[16]
Barrow suffered from a stroke the night of her death. She was survived by her sisters, Sybil Barrow and Ena Comma.[6]
Legacy
editThe Errol & Nita Barrow Educational Trust raises funds and make financial awards to enable Bajans and Commonwealth Caribbean citizens to pursue a course of study that will further the development of Barbados and the Caribbean.[17]
The ICAE created the Dame Nita Barrow award which supports regional and nation adult education organizations that have made a great contribution towards the empowerment of women.[8]
Die Nita Barrow Collection, a collection of documents about Nita Barrow's life and times, has been inscribed into UNESCO's list on world documentary heritage, the Memory of the World Register.[18]
Positions
edit- Nursing and Public Health positions in Barbados and Jamaica (1940–1956)[4]
- Chief Nursing Officer, Jamaica (1956–1967)[4]
- Public health advisor to the World Health Organization and the Pan-American Health Organization (1963–75)
- Nursing Advisor, Pan America Health Organization (1967–1971)[4]
- Associate Director, Christian Medical commission of World Council of Churches, Geneva (1971–1975)[4]
- President of the World YWCA (1975–83)
- Director/Health Consultant, World Health Organization (1981–1986)[4]
- President of the International Council for Adult Education (1982–90)
- President of the World Council of Churches (1983)
- Ambassador to the United Nations (1986–90)
- Honorary Fellow, Royal College of Nursing
- Governor General of Barbados (1990–1995)[4]
Honors and awards
edit- 1975 Doctor of Laws, University of the West Indies
- 1980 honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Nursing
- 1980 Dame of St. Andrew, by Order of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II
- 1982 Doctor of Science, McMaster University, Canada
- 1983 Gamaliel Chair Lecturer, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, USA
- 1984 Spirit of Caribbean Award, Caribbean Resources Foundation
- 1985 West Indian of the Year, Bajan Magazine
- 1986 Caribbean Prize for Peace through the Struggle for Justice, Caribbean Council of Churches
- 1986 Outstanding Citizen of the Year Award, Kiwanis Club of Barbados
- 1987 CARICOM Women's Award
- 1987 Doctor of Laws, University of Toronto, Canada
- 1987 Doctor of Human Letters, Morris Brown University, USA
- 1988 Doctor of Humanities, Mount St. Vincent University, Canada
- 1988 Doctor of Laws, University of Winnipeg, Canada
- 1988 Presidential Medal, Brooklyn College, USA
- 1988 Honorable Doctor of Laws, Spelman College, USA
- 1989 The Christiane Reimann Prize, International Council of Nurses, Geneva, Switzerland
- Honorary Doctor of Law, Queen's University, Canada
- Honorary Doctor of Literature, Wilfrid Laurier University
See also
editSources
edit- Blackman, Francis Woodie. Dame Nita: Caribbean Woman, World Citizen. Kingston, Jamaica: Ian Randle Publishers, 1985.
- ^ Morgan, Peter (22 December 1995). "Dame Ruth Nita Barrow: Nurse to the world". The Guardian. p. 14.
- ^ COLLECTIONS & LIBRARIES: Their Excellencies, Cave Hill Campus Library, University of the West Indies.
- ^ Carrington, Sean (2007). A~Z of Barbados Heritage. Macmillan Caribbean Publishers Limited. pp. 20–21. ISBN 978-0-333-92068-8.
- ^ a b c d e f g Broome, Roderick J. (28 February 1996). "Dame Nita Barrow: An authentic heroine in Caribbean womanhood". Everybody's. Vol. 20, no. 1. Brooklyn. p. 16. ProQuest 200709411.
- ^ a b Woodie Blackman, "Obituary: Dame Nita Barrow", The Independent, 22 December 1995.
- ^ a b "Dame Ruth Nita Barrow, Ex-Barbados Governor General, 79". The New York Times. Reuters. 22 December 1995. ProQuest 109464200.
- ^ "Dame Nita Barrow", Ciwil.
- ^ a b c d "Adult Learning Unleashed".
- ^ a b Morgan, Peter (22 December 1995). "Nurse to the world". The Guardian. p. 14.
- ^ a b "Dame Nita Barrow". The Daily Telegraph. 27 December 1995. p. 27.
- ^ a b c "Obituary". Independent.co.uk. 23 October 2011.
- ^ "Ruth Nita Barrow".
- ^ Fraser, Arvonne S. (2013). "UN Decade for Women: The Power of Words and Organizations". Women and Social Movements, International. Alexandria, Virginia: Alexander Street Press, LLC. Archived from the original on 8 July 2013. Retrieved 11 May 2017.
- ^ Carrington (2003).
- ^ "Nita Barrow; Barbado's First Woman Named Head of State". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. 22 December 1995. p. B12.
- ^ "Nita Barrow (15th Nov 1916-19th Dec 1995)". National Institute of Higher Education, Research, Science and Technology.
- ^ "Welcome". Website of errolandnitabarroweducati!. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
- ^ "Nita Barrow Collection | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization". unesco.org. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
External links
edit- Dame Ruth Nita Barrow, Caribbean Community (CARICOM) website
- Biography of Dame Ruth Nita Barrow