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Royal Canadian Academy of Arts

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The Royal Canadian Academy of Arts (RCA) is a Canadian arts-related organization that was founded in 1880.

Royal Canadian Academy of Arts
AbbreviationRCA
Formation1880; 144 years ago (1880)
TypeArts organization
Legal statusActive
PurposeAdvocate and public voice, educator and network
HeadquartersToronto, Ontario, Canada
Region served
Canada
MembershipOver 790
Official language
English, French

History

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1880 to 1890

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The 100th Anniversary

The title of Royal Canadian Academy of Arts was received from Queen Victoria on 16 July 1880. The Governor General of Canada, John Campbell, Marquess of Lorne, was its first patron. The painter Lucius O’Brien was its first president.

The objects of the Academy as stated in the 1881 publication of the organization's constitution[1] were three-fold:

  • First - the institution of a National Gallery at the seat of Government;
  • Second - the holding of Exhibitions in the principal cities of the Dominion;
  • Third - the establishment of Schools of Art and Design.

In the same publication, two levels of membership were described: Academicians and Associates. No more than forty individuals could be Academicians at one time, while the number of Associates was not limited. All Academicians were required to give an example of their work to the collection of the National Gallery. They were also permitted to show more pieces in Academy-sponsored exhibitions than Associates.[1]

The inaugural exhibition was held in Ottawa and the first Academicians were inducted, including the first woman Academician, Charlotte Schreiber. Through the next 10 years, the Academy held annual exhibitions, often in cooperation with regional artists' societies. Exhibitions in Toronto were a joint project of the Academy and the Ontario Society of Artists, while those held in Montreal were held in partnership with the Art Association of Montreal. Exhibitions were also held in St. John, New Brunswick, and Halifax, Nova Scotia.[2] Additional academicians and associates were added each year until the membership had more than doubled by 1890. Members were drawn from all areas of the country and included anglophones and francophones. Men continued to out-number women and those female members were identified as painters not as designers or architects.[3]

As Academicians joined, they donated an example of their work to the National Gallery of Canada, building the collection of the as-yet unincorporated institution. A temporary home was found for the collection in a building next to the Supreme Court of Canada and the first curator, John W.H. Watts, RCA was appointed to begin organizing exhibitions.[4]

The third objective—to encourage the teaching of art and design in Canada—was found to be more challenging to address with the limited financial resources available to them.[2]

1891 to present

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Canadian landscape painter Homer Watson was elected as an associate, became a full member and later became president of the Academy.

The centennial year of the Academy was honoured by a 35 cent, 3 colour postage stamp.[5] The stamp features an image of the original centre block of the Parliament Buildings and the text "Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, 1880–1980", with the name "Thomas Fuller", a member of the Academy and the Dominion Architect of Canada [6] who had designed the original building.

Members

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The Academy is composed of members from across Canada representing over twenty visual arts disciplines. This list is not inclusive. See also Category:Members of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts.

1880 to 1890

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Name[7] Sex Discipline[7] 1880[3] 1881[8] 1882[8] 1883[9] 1884[10] 1886[11] 1887[12] 1888[13] 1890[14]
Aaron Allan Edson male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
William Nichol Cresswell male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
Daniel Fowler (1810–1894) male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
John Arthur Fraser (1838–1898) male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
James Griffiths (1825–1896) male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
Joseph Arthur Eugene Hamel (1845–1932) male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
Robert Harris male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
John William Hopkins (1825–1905)[15] male architect RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
Henry Langley male architect RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
Lucius Richard O'Brien male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
William Raphael male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
Henry Sandham male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA (non-resident) RCA (non-resident) RCA (non-resident) RCA (non-resident) RCA (non-resident)
Charlotte Schreiber female painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
François Van Luppen (1838–1899) male sculptor RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
James Smith (1832–1918)[16] male architect RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
Thomas Seaton Scott male architect RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
William George Storm male architect RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
Thomas Mower Martin male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
Forshaw Day male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
John Colin Forbes (1846–1925) male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
John William Hurrell Watts (1850–1917) male designer RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
Homer Watson male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
Thomas W. Fuller male architect RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
Alexander Cowper Hutchison (1838–1922) male architect RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
Marmaduke Matthews male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
John George Howard male architect RCA retired RCA retired RCA retired RCA retired RCA retired
Antoine Plamondon male painter RCA retired RCA retired RCA retired RCA retired RCA retired RCA retired
Napoléon Bourassa male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
William Armstrong male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Robert Richard Baigent (1830–1890) male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA
Harrington Bird (1846–1936) male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Frederick Alexander Turner Dunbar (1849–1921) male sculptor ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Robert Ford Gagen (1847–1926) male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Michael Hannaford (1832–1891) male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
George Harvey (1846–1910) male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Louis-Philippe Hébert male sculptor ARCA ARCA ARCA RCA RCA RCA
Frances Bannerman female painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Henry Martin (1832–1902) male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
John Christopher Miles (1837–1911) male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Andrew Dickson Patterson (1854–1930) [17] male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA RCA RCA
Paul Peel male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
William Revell (1830–1902) male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Joseph Thomas Rolph (1831–1916) male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
William Ruel male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Frances Elwood Richards (1852–1934) female painter ARCA ARCA ARCA
Edward Scrope Shrapnel (1845-1920) male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Frederic Marlett Bell-Smith male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA RCA RCA RCA
Edward Buckingham Shuttleworth (1842–1934) male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
James L. Weston (1815–1896) male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA
Robert R. Whale male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
William Doughtie (1846–1883) male designer ARCA
Eugène-Étienne Taché male designer ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Alfred H. Howard (1854–1916) male designer ARCA ARCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
Robert McCausland (1856–1923) male designer ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
James Balfour male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Charles Baillairgé male architect ARCA ARCA
Edmund Burke male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Walter Chesterton (1845–1931) male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Joseph Connolly male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA RCA RCA RCA
Frank Darling male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA RCA RCA RCA
David Brash Dick (1846–1925) male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCAre
Andrew Dewar (architect) (1846 – c. 1932) male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
G. Ernest Fairweather male architect ARCA ARCA
Robert Gage male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
(1851–1915) male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Henry Bauld Gordon male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
William Critchlow Harris male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
William Irving (1830–1883) male architect ARCA ARCA
John Thomas Charles McKean (1840–1911) male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Charles Willer Mulligan (1846–1908) male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA
James Nelson (1831–1913) male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Almond E. Paull (1824–1902) male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA
Alexander Denton Steele (1841–1890) male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
William Stewart (1832–1907) male architect ARCA ARCA
David Stirling male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA
Walter Reginald Strickland (1841–1915) male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA
Richard Cunningham Windeyer (1831–1900) male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Otto Reinhold Jacobi male painter RCA RCA RCA RCA RCA
William Brymner male painter ARCA ARCA RCA RCA RCA
Arthur Cox (1840–1917) male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
James A. Sydney Crocker male painter ARCA ARCA
Percy Franklin Woodcock (1855–1936) male painter ARCA ARCA RCA RCA RCA
William Tutin Thomas male architect ARCA
Alfred Boisseau (1823–1901) male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
William Cruikshank male painter ARCA ARCA
John Wycliffe Lowes Forster male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
James Kerr-Lawson (1865–1939) male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
John Charles Pinhey (1860–1912) male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
George Agnew Reid male painter ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
John Ellis male designer ARCA ARCA ARCA
John Thompson Willing male designer ARCA ARCA ARCA
Henry Frederick Busch (1826–1902) male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA
Samuel George Curry male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Alexander Francis Dunlop male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
George F. Durand (1850–1889) male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA
Robert McNicol (fl. 1881–83) male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA
Andrew Taylor male architect ARCA ARCA ARCA ARCA
Hamilton MacCarthy male sculptor ARCA ARCA RCA
Frederick Charles S. Gordon (1856–1924) male painter ARCA ARCA
Emma S. Windeat (fl. 1884–1926)[18] female painter ARCA ARCA
Name[7] discipline[7] 1896[19]
William Edwin Atkinson (Canadian painter, 1862–1926) painter ARCA
George Théodore Berthon painter RCA
Franklin Brownell (1857–1946) painter RCA
George Robert Bruenech (1851–1916) painter ARCA
Frederick Sproston Challener, (1869–1959) painter ARCA
Gertrude Spurr Cutts (1858–1941) painter ARCA
Edmond Dyonnet painter ARCA
Mary Alexandra Eastlake née Bell (1864–1951) painter ARCA
Harriet Ford (1859–1939) painter ARCA
James Lillie Graham (1873–1971) painter ARCA
Edmund Wyly Grier painter RCA
John A. Hammond painter RCA
Sarah Holden painter ARCA
William R. Hope (1863–1931) painter ARCA
Farquhar McGillivray Knowles (1859–1932) painter ARCA
Laura Muntz Lyall painter ARCA
Hamilton MacCarthy sculptor RCA
Charles Macdonald Manly (1855–1924) painter ARCA
Joseph W. Power architect ARCA
Mary Augusta Hiester Reid (1854–1921) painter ARCA
William Albert Sherwood (1855–1919) painter ARCA
W. L. Symons architect ARCA
S. H. Townsend architect ARCA
Sydney Strickland Tully (1869–1911) painter ARCA
Frederick Arthur Verner painter ARCA
Carl Henry Ahrens (1863–1936) painter ARCA
Paul Giovanni Wickson (1860–1922) painter ARCA
Curtis Williamson (1867–1944) painter ARCA
Emma S. Windeat (fl. 1884–1926)[18] painter ARCA

Academy membership in 1907

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Academicians

Associates

Inducted in 1973

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Inducted in 1974

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Inducted in 1976

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Inducted in 1990

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Inducted in 1991

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Inducted in 1999

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Inducted in 2002

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Inducted in 2004

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  • Scott Plear, painting
 
2002 RCA Inductees List

Inducted in 2006

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  • Paul Wm. Leathers, metalsmithing

Inducted in 2007

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Inducted in 2008

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Inducted in 2009

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Inducted in 2010

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Inducted in 2011

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Inducted in 2012

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Inducted in 2013

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Inducted in 2014

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Inducted in 2015

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Inducted in 2016

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Inducted in 2017

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Inductees for 2018

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Others

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Constitution and Laws of the Royal Canadian Academy of the Arts. Toronto: Globe Printing Co., Printer. 1881. p. 1. ISBN 9780665128936. Archived from the original on 2019-12-10. Retrieved 2013-10-20.
  2. ^ a b Report and review of financial position and prospective policy of the Academy to His Excellency the Most Hon. the Marquis of Lansdowne, Governor-General, Patron of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, 1886. Ottawa: Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. 1886. ISBN 9780665456060. Archived from the original on 2019-12-10. Retrieved 2013-10-30.
  3. ^ a b Records of the Founding of the Royal Canadian Academy of the Arts. Toronto: Globe Printing Co. 1879–80. p. 16. ISBN 9780665132964. Archived from the original on 2020-01-26. Retrieved 2013-10-20.
  4. ^ "Our History: Pre 1900". National Gallery of Canada. Archived from the original on 8 May 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2013.
  5. ^ Credit: Library and Archives Canada; Copyright: Canada Post Corporation
  6. ^ "Dominion Architect". Archived from the original on 2017-07-31. Retrieved 2013-03-06.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Members since 1880". Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. Archived from the original on 26 May 2011. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
  8. ^ a b Records of the Founding of the Royal Canadian Academy of the Arts. Toronto: Globe Printing Co. 1879–80. p. 27. ISBN 9780665132964. Archived from the original on 2020-01-26. Retrieved 2013-10-20.
  9. ^ Records of the Founding of the Royal Canadian Academy of the Arts. Toronto: Globe Printing Co. 1879–80. p. 28. ISBN 9780665132964. Archived from the original on 2020-01-26. Retrieved 2013-10-20.
  10. ^ Annual Exhibition Catalogue of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, 1884. Montreal: Art Association of Montreal. 1884.
  11. ^ Annual Exhibition Catalogue of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, 1886. Montreal: Art Association of Montreal. 1886.
  12. ^ Annual Exhibition Catalogue of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, 1887. Montreal: Art Association of Montreal. 1887. ISBN 9780665465239.
  13. ^ Annual Exhibition Catalogue of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, 1888. Montreal: Art Association of Montreal. 1888.
  14. ^ Annual Exhibition Catalogue of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, 1890. Montreal: Art Association of Montreal. 1890.
  15. ^ "Royal Insurance Company's Building (late Merchants Bank), Montreal, c. 1866". National Gallery of Canada. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
  16. ^ "St. James Square Presbyterian Church, Toronto, 1880". National Gallery of Canada. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
  17. ^ "A. Dickson Patterson". National Gallery of Canada. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
  18. ^ a b McMann, Evelyn de R. (2003). Biographical Index of Artists in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 246. ISBN 9780802027900.
  19. ^ Annual Exhibition Catalogue of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, 1896. Montreal: Art Association of Montreal. 1896.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax Annual Exhibition Catalogue of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, 1907. Montreal: Art Association of Montreal. 1907.
  21. ^ Creative Canada: A Biographical Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Creative and Performing Artists. Vol. 1. University of Toronto Press. 1971. p. 1760. ISBN 1442637838.
  22. ^ "Stolen paintings by late Canadian artist recovered after sister spots them on Kijiji, CBC, 2018". Archived from the original on 2019-10-21. Retrieved 2020-02-14.
  23. ^ "Members - 1880 to the Present". Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. Archived from the original on 1 February 2003. Retrieved 4 March 2020.
  24. ^ "Members - 1880 to the Present". Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. 2011-05-26. Archived from the original on 2011-05-26. Retrieved 2024-02-11.
  25. ^ "Members Since 1880". Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. 2020. Archived from the original on 2019-05-04. Retrieved 2015-09-11.
  26. ^ "Members Since 1880". Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. 1999. Archived from the original on 4 May 2019. Retrieved 11 September 2015.
  27. ^ a b "Island artists inducted into Royal Academy of Arts". CBC News. December 15, 1999. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  28. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "New members 2007". Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. Archived from the original on 28 May 2007. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
  29. ^ a b c d "Royal Canadian Academy of the Arts celebrates four craft artists". The Canadian Crafts Federation. Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
  30. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "INDUCTION 2011" (PDF). Royal Canadian Academy of Arts News. Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. Retrieved 20 October 2013.[permanent dead link‍]
  31. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u New Members, 2014, archived from the original on 16 August 2017, retrieved 5 March 2014
  32. ^ "Eva Lapka". Galerie Berdnard. Archived from the original on 1 October 2020. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
  33. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "New Members". Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. Archived from the original on 16 August 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
  34. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am "New Members". Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. Archived from the original on 16 August 2017. Retrieved 20 March 2018.
  35. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Home". Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. Archived from the original on 25 August 2017. Retrieved 20 March 2018.
  36. ^ "NSCAD UNIVERSITY ANNOUNCES ITS 2022 HONORARY DEGREE RECIPIENTS". nscad.ca. NSCAD. 11 April 2022. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  37. ^ G+M: "Designer George Cuthbertson crafted sleek, speedy sailboats" Archived 2018-10-23 at the Wayback Machine, 20 Oct 2017
  38. ^ "Robert Pilot". Heffel.com. Archived from the original on 2 September 2015. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
  39. ^ "Leslie Reid". National Gallery of Canada. Archived from the original on 9 December 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2018.
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