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Reynosa (Spanish pronunciation: [rejˈnosa]) is a border city in the northern part of the state of Tamaulipas, in Mexico which also holds the municipal seat of Reynosa Municipality.
Reynosa | |
|---|---|
 Main Plaza of Reynosa | |
 Coat of arms | |
| Nickname: Metrópolis industrial de Tamaulipas | |
| Motto(s): Trabajar por la patria es forjar nuestro destino (To work for the motherland is to forge our destiny) | |
  Reynosa  Reynosa | |
| Coordinates: 26°05′32″N 98°16′40″W / 26.09222°N 98.27778°W | |
| Country |  Mexico |
| State |  Tamaulipas |
| Municipality | Reynosa Municipality |
| Founded | 14 March 1749 |
| Founded as | Villa de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de Reinosa |
| Founded by | Carlos Cantú González |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Carlos Víctor Peña Ortiz (2021-present) (MORENA PT |
| Area | |
• City | 3,156.34 sq kilometers km2 (1,218.66 sq. miles sq mi) |
| Elevation | 33 m (108 ft) |
| Population (2020) | |
• City | 691,557[1] |
| • Metro | 837,251 |
| GDP (PPP, constant 2015 values) | |
| • Year | 2023 |
| • Total | $23.5 billion[2] |
| • Per capita | $24,700 |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (CST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−5 (CDT) |
| Website | www.reynosa.gob.mx |
| Area Code 899
Airport REX | |
The city is located on the southern bank of the Rio Grande in the international Reynosa–McAllen metropolitan area, directly across the Mexico–United States border from Hidalgo, Texas.
As of 2020, the city of Reynosa has a population of 691,557.[1][3] If the floating population is included, the total can reach approximately 1,000,000.[4]
History
editOn 6 July 1686, Agustín Echeverz y Zuvízar, governor of the Nuevo Reino de León, camped in what is now Reynosa during an exploratory expedition.
In December 1748, an expedition led by José de Escandón y Helguera left from Querétaro, planning to establish 14 villages; the caravan consisted of 1500 colonists and 755 soldiers.
On 14 March 1749, was founded (in its original location) the Villa de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de Reynosa, by the captain Carlos Cantú on behalf of Escandón, being as well in political and military command. There were 279 pioneer residents in the charge of Friar Agustín Fragoso.
The city was named Reynosa after Reinosa, birthplace of the viceroy Juan Francisco de Güemes y Horcasitas.
In August 1750, the first flood was documented in the village.
In April 1757, Reynosa had it first political conflict, when Escandón dismissed Carlos Cantú as the mayor of the village, replacing him by Pedro de Estrada, second mayor of Reynosa.
On 9 July 1757, arrives to the village the captain José Tineda y Cuervo and the engineer Agustín López, both viceroyalty inspectors, to do a population census according to which Reynosa had 280 inhabitants.[5]
As a result of the census, they obtained authorization from the King of Spain to move the village to a placed named Santa María de las Lajas, which was not done because Escandón didn't consider the river a flooding risk anymore.
In September 1800, an immense flood occurred. The village was inundated and the villagers used canoes and rafts to arrive to the hills of El Morrillo. In 1802, the village moved to its current location and the new census showed 1631 inhabitants.
In 1810, the building of the old church Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe began, by the parish priest Don José Cárdenas; it was finished in 1815 by Don Lorenzo Treviño.
In 1846, Reynosa was invaded by the American army during the Mexican-American war. On 10 May 1910, General Lucio Blanco with the constitutional army took Reynosa during the Mexican revolution.
On 24 November 1926, Reynosa became a city.[6]
Current
edit
Reynosa extends across 3,156.34 sq kilometers (1218.66 sq. miles), representing 3.7 per cent of the Tamaulipas territory. Today it is the location of several satellite U.S. companies doing business to take advantage of low labor rates and industry incentives.[7]
On 18 September 2012, an explosion at the nearby Pemex gas plant killed 30 and injured 46 people. Pemex Director Juan Jose Suarez said that there was "no evidence that it was a deliberate incident, or some kind of attack".[8][9][10]
In 2017, it was described as a major hotspot in the Mexican Drug War, as a result of the internecine wars between the Gulf and Los Zetas drugs cartels.[11]
Geography
edit
Reynosa is the largest and most populous city in the state of Tamaulipas, followed by Matamoros, Nuevo Laredo, Ciudad Victoria, Tampico, and Río Bravo. In addition, the international Reynosa–McAllen Metropolitan Area has a population of 1,500,000 inhabitants,[12][13] making it the third largest metropolitan area in the Mexico–U.S. border after San Diego–Tijuana and El Paso–Juárez. Reynosa is the 30th largest city in Mexico and anchors the largest metropolitan area in Tamaulipas.
In 2011, Reynosa was the fastest growing city in the state of Tamaulipas, and was among the top five fastest growing cities in Mexico.[14]
The city is about 11 miles (18 km) south of McAllen, Texas.[15]
Climate
editReynosa has a semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSh) with short, mild winters and hot summers.[16] Winters are mild and dry with a January high of 22 °C (72 °F) and a low of 11 °C (52 °F) although temperatures can fall below 10 °C (50 °F).[16] Summers are hot with a July mean of 30 °C (86 °F) and temperatures can exceed 40 °C (104 °F) anytime from May until August.[16] The average annual precipitation is 452 millimetres (18 in), with most of it being concentrated in the summer months though the months of May and June are the wettest.
| Climate data for Reynosa (1951–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 35.0 (95.0) |
38.0 (100.4) |
44.0 (111.2) |
42.0 (107.6) |
43.0 (109.4) |
42.0 (107.6) |
43.0 (109.4) |
42.0 (107.6) |
40.0 (104.0) |
39.0 (102.2) |
38.0 (100.4) |
36.0 (96.8) |
44.0 (111.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 21.9 (71.4) |
24.5 (76.1) |
29.1 (84.4) |
31.8 (89.2) |
34.3 (93.7) |
36.7 (98.1) |
36.9 (98.4) |
36.6 (97.9) |
35.0 (95.0) |
31.0 (87.8) |
26.7 (80.1) |
23.0 (73.4) |
30.6 (87.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 16.2 (61.2) |
18.4 (65.1) |
21.9 (71.4) |
24.8 (76.6) |
27.6 (81.7) |
29.5 (85.1) |
29.9 (85.8) |
29.8 (85.6) |
28.1 (82.6) |
24.6 (76.3) |
20.6 (69.1) |
17.3 (63.1) |
24.1 (75.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 10.6 (51.1) |
12.3 (54.1) |
14.8 (58.6) |
17.7 (63.9) |
21.0 (69.8) |
22.2 (72.0) |
22.8 (73.0) |
23.0 (73.4) |
21.2 (70.2) |
18.3 (64.9) |
14.5 (58.1) |
11.6 (52.9) |
17.5 (63.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −2.0 (28.4) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
2.0 (35.6) |
7.5 (45.5) |
10.0 (50.0) |
12.0 (53.6) |
17.0 (62.6) |
14.0 (57.2) |
13.0 (55.4) |
8.0 (46.4) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 14.6 (0.57) |
12.6 (0.50) |
7.3 (0.29) |
24.8 (0.98) |
73.0 (2.87) |
99.7 (3.93) |
24.3 (0.96) |
67.4 (2.65) |
72.6 (2.86) |
27.4 (1.08) |
11.9 (0.47) |
16.9 (0.67) |
452.5 (17.81) |
| Source: Servicio Meteorológico Nacional[17] | |||||||||||||
Notable people
edit- Abraham Ancer – Professional golfer
- Xavier Baez – Footballer
- Jorge Cantú – Major League Baseball player
- Christian Chávez – Singer and actor
- Laura Flores – Actress, hostess and singer
- Jaime Garcia – Major League Baseball player
- Néstor Garza – Former WBA World Super Bantamweight Champion
- José María Cantú Garza – Geneticist
- Vidal Medina – Playwright and theatre director
- Los Relámpagos del Norte – Musical duo
- Komander – Wrestler
- Beto Quintanilla – Artist
- Sergio Peña Solís – Mexican drug lord (Los Zetas Cartel)
Transportation
editReynosa is served by the General Lucio Blanco International Airport, which has flights to multiple important Mexican cities on six airlines, some serving it with aircraft such as Boeing 737 and Airbus A320.
In addition, the McAllen Miller International Airport in McAllen, Texas, is also relatively close and is served by airlines like Allegiant Air, American and United.
References
edit- ^ a b "Mexico Census". Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia.
- ^ "TelluBase—Mexico Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)" (PDF). Tellusant. Retrieved 2024-01-11.
- ^ "Reynosa (Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map, Location, Weather and Web Information". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 2024-02-01.
- ^ "INEGI contó mal en Reynosa: Alcalde". Hoy Tamaulipas. 4 December 2011.
- ^ Salinas Rivera, Martín (13 March 2016). "Primeros habitantes de este municipio". El Mañana de Reynosa (in Spanish).
- ^ "Reynosa". Gobierno del Estado de Tamaulipas (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-03-01.
- ^ "Four-part series on globalization". Cfomaquiladoras.org. Archived from the original on 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2012-02-16.
- ^ "Mexican Tamaulipas state gas plant blast kills 26". BBC. 19 September 2012. Retrieved 20 September 2012.
- ^ "Mexico probes Pemex gas plant explosion which killed 26". BBC. 20 September 2012. Retrieved 20 September 2012.
- ^ "Blast at Pemex gas plant in Mexico claims more lives". BBC News. 20 September 2012.
- ^ "US-Mexico border's most dangerous town". BBC News.
- ^ "McAllen Overview". McAllen Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
- ^ "America: metropolitan areas (McAllen-Reynosa)". World Gazetteer. Archived from the original on 2007-10-01. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
- ^ "City of Hidalgo, Texas" (PDF). Profile of Hidalgo, Texas. Retrieved 3 November 2011.
- ^ Sanchez, Claudio. "Child Migrants Settle Uneasily In The Big Easy" (Archive). National Public Radio. September 11, 2014. Retrieved on September 7, 2015.
- ^ a b c "Cozumel". Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México (in Spanish). Secretaría de Gobernación. Retrieved April 13, 2013.[permanent dead link]
- ^ NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1951–2010 Archived 2014-05-17 at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish) National Meteorological Service of Mexico. Retrieved September 30, 2012.
Further reading
edit- Broughton, Chad (2015). Boom, Bust, Exodus: The Rust Belt, the Maquilas, and a Tale of Two Cities. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199765614.
External links
edit
- Link to tables of population data from Census of 2005 INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática
- Tamaulipas Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México
- Gobierno de Reynosa