The Ecologist Party "The Greens" (Portuguese: Partido Ecologista "Os Verdes", pronounced [pɐɾˈtiðu ekuluˈʒiʃtɐ uʒ ˈveɾðɨʃ], PEV) is a Portuguese eco-socialist[1] political party. It is a member of the European Greens and a founding member of the European Federation of Green Parties.[5]
Ecologist Party "The Greens" Partido Ecologista "Os Verdes" | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Abbreviation | PEV |
| Leader | Heloísa Apolónia |
| Founded | 19 May 1982 |
| Headquarters | Rua da Boavista 83, 3.º Dto, 1200-066 Lisbon |
| Newspaper | Folha Verde |
| Youth wing | Ecolojovem |
| Membership | 6,000 |
| Ideology | Euroscepticism[2][3] |
| Political position | Left-wing[4] |
| National affiliation | Unitary Democratic Coalition |
| European affiliation | European Green Party |
| European Parliament group | Greens–European Free Alliance |
| International affiliation | Global Greens |
| Colours | Green |
| Assembly of the Republic | 0 / 230
|
| European Parliament | 0 / 21
|
| Regional parliaments | 0 / 104
|
| Local government (Mayors) | 1 / 308
|
| Local government (Parishes) | 0 / 3,058
|
| Party flag | |
 | |
| Website | |
| www.osverdes.pt | |
It was the first Portuguese ecologist party, and since its foundation, in 1982, PEV has had a close relationship with the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP). From 1987 onwards, it entered all the legislative, and municipal elections as part of Unitary Democratic Coalition, which also includes the PCP. Between 1983 and 1987, PEV was part of the United People Alliance, to which the PCP also belonged. For this reason, PEV is often criticized for being an "appendage" of the PCP. People who expressed that opinion include former prime minister José Sócrates.
PEV holds many mandates in local assemblies, but, following the January 2022 election, it lost its parliamentary representation.[6][7]
History and general information
editThe Party was founded 1982, originally named the Portuguese Ecologist Movement – Party "The Greens" (Movimento Ecologista Português – Partido "Os Verdes"), by a group of Portuguese citizens interested in the promotion of the ecologist movement in Portuguese society, with the support of the Portuguese Communist Party, including in its founders one of its members, Zita Seabra.
In the end of the 1970s, Earth was facing new ecological problems, such as the greenhouse effect and the depletion of the ozone layer and the lack of awareness of this in Portuguese society, along with the lack of an organized Ecologist movement, led to the foundation of the Ecologist Party "The Greens" in order to put such problems on the political agenda.
The Party created regional groups immediately following its foundation, groups that have continued to grow since then. The growth of the Party throughout the country allowed many members to integrate the electoral lists of the CDU, some being elected to very different tasks. Currently (as of 2022[update]), The PEV has several members elected in Municipal Chambers, in Municipal Assemblies and in Parish Assemblies, but it has no members elected in the Assembly of the Republic (Portuguese parliament). There is some criticism of its close ties to the Communist Party. Given that PEV never stood in elections on its own, some right-wing politicians have gone to the point of nicknaming PEV "The Watermelons – Greens Outside, Reds Inside". However, the official positions of both parties on certain questions can be quite different, of which the stance regarding bullfighting is an example.[8]
The PEV is also present in the National Electoral Commission and also in the National Council of Education. The youth wing of the Party is the Ecolojovem, founded in 1989, which is a founding member of the Federation of Young European Greens.[9]
The PEV edits a newspaper, the Folha Verde (Green Leaf), which received several press prizes for its unique design and style.
The PEV supported the minority Socialist Costa Government (2015–2019) with a confidence and supply agreement.
In the 2022 legislative elections, the PEV lost its remaining parliamentary representation.[6]
Election results
edit
In elections, the PEV is closely allied with the Portuguese Communist Party, first in the Unitary Democratic Coalition. This explains a nickname given to Os Verdes by some: "melancias" (lit. watermelons): green outside and red inside. The "green" here is a reference to the self-proclaimed ecologist nature of the party, while "red" means "communist".
Results in parliamentary elections
edit| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/- | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1983 | António Gonzalez | United People Alliance | 1 / 250
|
Opposition | ||
| 1985 | Maria Amélia Santos | 1 / 250
|
 0
|
Opposition | ||
| 1987 | Herculano Pombo | Unitary Democratic Coalition | 2 / 250
|
 1
|
Opposition | |
| 1991 | Isabel Castro | 2 / 230
|
0
|
Opposition | ||
| 1995 | 2 / 230
|
0
|
Opposition | |||
| 1999 | 2 / 230
|
0
|
Opposition | |||
| 2002 | 2 / 230
|
0
|
Opposition | |||
| 2005 | Heloísa Apolónia | 2 / 230
|
0
|
Opposition | ||
| 2009 | 2 / 230
|
0
|
Opposition | |||
| 2011 | 2 / 230
|
0
|
Opposition | |||
| 2015 | 2 / 230
|
0
|
Opposition (2015) | |||
| Confidence and supply | ||||||
| 2019 | 2 / 230
|
0
|
Opposition | |||
| 2022 | 0 / 230
|
 2
|
No seats | |||
| 2024 | 0 / 230
|
0
|
No seats | |||
Results in local elections
edit| Results in Local Elections [10] (year links to election page) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Coalition | Type of Election | Voting | % | Mandates | |||
| 1985 | APU | Local | 942,147 | 19.4% | 305 | |||
| 1989 | CDU | Local | 633,682 | 12.8% | 252 | |||
| 1993 | CDU | Local | 689,928 | 12.8% | 246 | |||
| 1997 | CDU | Local | 643,956 | 12.0% | 236 | |||
| 2001 | CDU | Local | 557,481 | 10.6% | 202 | |||
| 2005 | CDU | Local | 590,496 | 11.0% | 203 | |||
| 2009 | CDU | Local | 537,329 | 9.7% | 174 | |||
| 2013 | CDU | Local | 552,690 | 11.1% | 213 | |||
| 2017 | CDU | Local | 489,189 | 9.5% | 171 | |||
| 2021 | CDU | Local | 410,666 | 8.2% | 148 | |||
European Parliament
edit| Election | List leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | EP Group |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1987 | Ângelo Veloso | Unitary Democratic Coalition | 0 / 24
|
New | – | |
| 1989 | Carlos Carvalhas | 1 / 24
|
1
|
G | ||
| 1994 | Luis Manuel de Sá | 0 / 25
|
1
|
– | ||
| 1999 | Ilda Figueiredo | 0 / 25
|
0
| |||
| 2004 | 0 / 24
|
0
| ||||
| 2009 | 0 / 22
|
0
| ||||
| 2014 | João Ferreira | 0 / 21
|
0
| |||
| 2019 | 0 / 21
|
0
| ||||
| 2024 | João Oliveira | 0 / 21
|
0
| |||
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b c Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "Portugal". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
- ^ ""Os Verdes" encontram no referendo ideia de que políticas da União Europeia não servem" (in Portuguese). RTP Notícias. 24 June 2016.
- ^ "Portugal - Europe Elects".
- ^ "Partido Ecologista Os Verdes" (in Portuguese). medium.com. 17 May 2018. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
- ^ "European Greens, Partido Ecologista – Os Verdes". europeangreens.eu. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
- ^ a b "Verdes perdem representação parlamentar". www.jornaldenegocios.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 31 January 2022.
- ^ "Historia do Partido". osverdes.pt (in Portuguese). Retrieved 4 September 2018.
- ^ "Os Verdes. Quando divergiu do PCP foi para se aproximar do PS". 1 February 2018. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
- ^ "Ecolojovem - Apresentação". osverdes.pt (in Portuguese). Retrieved 4 September 2018.
- ^ "CNE Resultados" (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 20 February 2020. Retrieved 11 July 2016.
External links
edit- Official website
(in Portuguese) - Info on EFGP site (in English)
- PEV website in the Lisbon Municipal Assembly Archived 24 September 2020 at the Wayback Machine (in Portuguese)
