This article is missing information about the age of the very oldest stars in our galaxy's bulge such as from the Gaia spacecraft. (June 2018) |
The age of the oldest known stars approaches the age of the universe, about 13.8 billion years. Some of these are among the first stars from reionization (the stellar dawn), ending the Dark Ages about 370,000 years after the Big Bang.[1] This list includes stars older than 12 billion years, or about 87% of the age of the universe.
List
edit| Name | Age (billions of years) |
Mass (M☉) | Distance (ly) | Location | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BD+17°3248 | 13.8 ± 4[2][a] | ~0.8 | 968 | Milky Way halo | High uncertainty in age |
| 2MASS J18082002−5104378 | 13.53[3][4] | ~0.8 | 1,950 | Milky Way thin disk | |
| SMSS J031300.36−670839.3 | 13.4[5] | ~0.75 | 6,000 | Milky Way halo or Globular clusters | |
| J173823.38-145701.1[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.85 | 28,000 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J182048.26-273329.2[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 20,000 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J183744.90-280831.1[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 57,400 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J183647.89-274333.1[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 22,000 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J183812.72-270746.3[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 40,100 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J183719.09-262725.0[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 32,600 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J184201.19-302159.6[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 31,000 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J184656.07-292351.5[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.75 | 31,000 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J181406.68-313106.1[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 30,000 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J181317.69-343801.9[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.75 | 21,000 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J181219.68-343726.4[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.75 | 26,000 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J181609.62-333218.7[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 33,900 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J181634.60-340342.5[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 34,200 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J175544.54-392700.9[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 44,000 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J175455.52-380339.3[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 44,000 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J175746.58-384750.0[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.75 | 30,000 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J181736.59-391303.3[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 51,200 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J181505.16-385514.9[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 16,000 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J181921.64-381429.0[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 16,500 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J175722.68-411731.8[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.85 | 40,400 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J175021.86-414627.1[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 13,000 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J175636.59-403545.9[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 32,000 | Milky Way bulge | |
| J175433.19-411048.9[6] | 13.2 or more[7] | ~0.8 | 18,000 | Milky Way bulge | |
| PSR B1620−26 | 12.7–11.2[8] | 1.35[citation needed] | 12,400 | Globular cluster Messier 4 | Host star of one of the oldest exoplanets. |
| Gliese 414 | 12.4±5.2[9] | 0.65 | 38.7 | Milky Way disk | Host two exoplanets |
| HD 140283 | 12±0.05[10] | 0.81 | 200.5 | Milky Way halo | Previously thought to be the oldest known star, at 14.46±0.8 Gyr[11] |
Footnotes
edit- ^ Note conflicting estimates: Star’s estimated age exceeds the estimated age of the universe.
References
edit- ^ Barkana, Rennan (1 March 2018). "Possible interaction between baryons and dark-matter particles revealed by the first stars". Nature. 555 (7694): 71–74. arXiv:1803.06698. Bibcode:2018Natur.555...71B. doi:10.1038/nature25791. PMID 29493590. S2CID 4391544.
- ^ Cowan, John J.; Sneden, Christopher; Burles, Scott; Ivans, Inese I.; Beers, Timothy C.; Truran, James W.; et al. (June 2002). "The Chemical Composition and Age of the Metal-poor Halo Star BD +17°3248". The Astrophysical Journal. 572 (2): 861–879. arXiv:astro-ph/0202429. Bibcode:2002ApJ...572..861C. doi:10.1086/340347. S2CID 119503888.
- ^ Schlaufman, Kevin C.; Thompson, Ian B.; Casey, Andrew R. (5 November 2018). "An ultra metal-poor star near the hydrogen-burning limit". The Astrophysical Journal. 867 (2): 98. arXiv:1811.00549. Bibcode:2018ApJ...867...98S. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aadd97. S2CID 54511945.
- ^ "One of Milky Way's oldest stars discovered". SciNews.com. 6 November 2018. Retrieved 11 November 2018.
- ^ Ishigaki, Miho N.; Tominaga, Nozomu; Kobayashi, Chiaki; Nomoto, Ken'ichi (2014). "Faint Population III supernovae as the origin of the most iron-poor stars". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 792 (2): L32. arXiv:1404.4817. Bibcode:2014ApJ...792L..32I. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/792/2/L32. S2CID 119012372.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w
Howes, L.M.; Casey, A.R.; Asplund, M.; Keller, S.C.; Yong, D.; Nataf, D.M.; et al. (26 November 2015). "Extremely metal-poor stars from the cosmic dawn in the bulge of the Milky Way". Nature. 527 (7579): 484–487. arXiv:1511.03930. Bibcode:2015Natur.527..484H. doi:10.1038/nature15747. hdl:2299/19217. PMID 26560034. S2CID 4446599. - ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w
Tumlinson, Jason (2010). "Chemical evolution in hierarchical models of cosmic structure. II. The formation of the Milky Way stellar halo and the distribution of the oldest stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 708 (2): 1398–1418. arXiv:0911.1786. Bibcode:2010ApJ...708.1398T. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/708/2/1398. S2CID 118367629. - ^ Lacki, Brian C.; Brzycki, Bryan; Croft, Steve; Czech, Daniel; DeBoer, David; DeMarines, Julia; Gajjar, Vishal; Isaacson, Howard; Lebofsky, Matt; MacMahon, David H. E.; Price, Danny C.; Sheikh, Sofia Z.; Siemion, Andrew P. V.; Drew, Jamie; Worden, S. Pete (1 December 2021). "One of Everything: The Breakthrough Listen Exotica Catalog". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 257 (2): 42. arXiv:2006.11304. Bibcode:2021ApJS..257...42L. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac168a. ISSN 0067-0049.
- ^ Dedrick, Cayla M.; Fulton, Benjamin J.; Knutson, Heather A.; Howard, Andrew W.; Beatty, Thomas G.; Cargile, Phillip A.; Gaudi, B. Scott; Hirsch, Lea A.; Kuhn, Rudolf B.; Lund, Michael B.; James, David J.; Kosiarek, Molly R.; Pepper, Joshua; Petigura, Erik A.; Rodriguez, Joseph E. (1 February 2021). "Two Planets Straddling the Habitable Zone of the Nearby K Dwarf Gl 414A". The Astronomical Journal. 161 (2): 86. arXiv:2009.06503. Bibcode:2021AJ....161...86D. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abd0ef. ISSN 0004-6256.
- ^ Tang, Jianling; Joyce, Meridith (1 May 2021). "Revised Best Estimates for the Age and Mass of the Methuselah Star HD 140283 Using MESA and Interferometry and Implications for 1D Convection". Research Notes of the American Astronomical Society. 5 (5): 117. arXiv:2105.11311. Bibcode:2021RNAAS...5..117T. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/ac01ca. ISSN 2515-5172.
- ^ "Hubble finds birth certificate of oldest known star". phys.org. Retrieved 6 June 2024.