List of mental disorders

The following is a list of mental disorders as defined at any point by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) or the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). A mental disorder, also known as a mental illness, mental health condition, or psychiatric disorder, is characterized by a pattern of behavior or mental function that significantly impairs personal functioning or causes considerable distress.^[1]

The DSM, a classification and diagnostic guide published by the American Psychiatric Association, includes over 450 distinct definitions of mental disorders.^[2] Meanwhile, the ICD, published by the World Health Organization, stands as the international standard for categorizing all medical conditions, including sections on mental and behavioral disorders.^[3]

Revisions and updates are periodically made to the diagnostic criteria and descriptions in the DSM and ICD to reflect current understanding and consensus within the mental health field. The list includes conditions currently recognized as mental disorders according to these systems. There is ongoing debate among mental health professionals, including psychiatrists, about the definitions and criteria used to delineate mental disorders. There is particular concern over whether certain conditions should be classified as "mental illnesses" or might more accurately be described as neurological disorders or in other terms.^[4]

Anxiety disorders

Dissociative disorders

Dissociative identity disorder
Dissociative amnesia (formerly psychogenic amnesia)
Depersonalization-derealization disorder
Dissociative amnesia with dissociative fugue
Dissociative neurological symptom disorder (including psychogenic non-epileptic seizures)
Other specified dissociative disorder (OSDD)
Unspecified dissociative disorder
Ganser syndrome

Mood disorders

Depressive disorders

Bipolar disorders

Trauma and stressor related disorders

Neuro-developmental disorders

Intellectual disability
Language disorder
Sensory processing disorder
Speech sound disorder
Stuttering
Aphasia
Social communication disorder
Pervasive developmental disorder
Auditory processing disorder
Communication disorder
Autism spectrum disorder (formerly a category that included Asperger syndrome, classic autism and Rett syndrome)
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Developmental coordination disorder
Tourette syndrome
Down syndrome
Tic disorder
Dyslexia
Dyscalculia
Dysgraphia
Nonverbal learning disorder (NVLD, NLD)

Sleep-wake disorders

Insomnia (including chronic insomnia and short-term insomnia)
Hypersomnia
Idiopathic hypersomnia
Kleine–Levin syndrome
Insufficient sleep syndrome
Narcolepsy
Restless legs syndrome
Sleep apnea
Night terrors (sleep terrors)
Exploding head syndrome

Parasomnias

Circadian rhythm sleep disorder

Neuro-cognitive disorders

Substance-related and addictive disorders

Substance related disorders

Disorders due to use of alcohol

Disorders due to use of cannabis

Cannabis use disorder
Cannabis dependence
Cannabis intoxication
Harmful pattern of use of cannabis
Cannabis withdrawal
Cannabis-induced delirium
Cannabis-induced psychosis
Cannabis-induced mood disorder
Cannabis-induced anxiety

Disorders due to use of synthetic cannabinoids

Episode of harmful use of synthetic cannabinoids
Harmful pattern of use of synthetic cannabinoids
Synthetic cannabinoid dependence
Synthetic cannabinoid intoxication
Synthetic cannabinoids withdrawal
Synthetic cannabinoids induced delirium
Synthetic cannabinoids induced psychotic disorder
Synthetic cannabinoids induced mood disorder
Synthetic cannabinoids induced anxiety

Disorders due to use of opioids

Episode of harmful use of opioids
Harmful pattern of use of opioids
Opioid dependence
Opioid intoxication
Opioids withdrawal
Opioids induced delirium
Opioids induced psychotic disorder
Opioids induced mood disorder
Opioids induced anxiety

Disorders due to use of sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic

Episode of harmful use of sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic
Harmful pattern of use of Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic
Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic dependence
Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic intoxication
Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic withdrawal
Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic induced delirium
Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic induced psychotic disorder
Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic induced mood disorder
Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic induced anxiety
Amnestic disorder due to use of sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics
Dementia due to use of sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics

Disorders due to use of cocaine

Episode of harmful use of cocaine
Harmful pattern of use of cocaine
Cocaine dependence
Cocaine intoxication
Cocaine withdrawal
Cocaine induced delirium
Cocaine induced psychotic disorder
Cocaine induced mood disorder
Cocaine induced anxiety
Cocaine induced OCD
Cocaine induced impulse control disorder

Disorders due to use of amphetamines

Episode of harmful use of amphetamines
Harmful pattern of use of amphetamines]]
Amphetamines dependence
Amphetamines intoxication
Amphetamines withdrawal
Amphetamines induced delirium
Amphetamines induced psychotic disorder
Amphetamines induced mood disorder
Amphetamines induced anxiety
Amphetamines induced OCD
Amphetamines induced impulse control disorder

Disorders due to use of synthetic cathinone

Episode of harmful use of synthetic cathinone
Harmful pattern of use of synthetic cathinone
Synthetic cathinone dependence
Synthetic cathinone intoxication
Synthetic cathinone withdrawal
Synthetic cathinone induced delirium
Synthetic cathinone induced psychotic disorder
Synthetic cathinone induced mood disorder
Synthetic cathinone induced anxiety
Synthetic cathinone induced OCD
Synthetic cathinone induced impulse control disorder

Disorders due to use of caffeine

Disorders due to use of hallucinogens

Episode of harmful use of hallucinogens
Harmful pattern of use of hallucinogens
Hallucinogens dependence
Hallucinogen induced delirium
Hallucinogens induced psychotic disorder
Hallucinogens induced anxiety disorder
Hallucinogens induced mood disorder
Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder

Disorders due to use of nicotine

Episode of harmful use of nicotine
Harmful pattern of use of nicotine
Nicotine intoxication
Nicotine withdrawal
Nicotine dependence

Disorders due to use of volatile inhalants

Episode of harmful use of volatile inhalants
Harmful pattern of use of volatile inhalants]]
Opioid dependence^{[clarification needed]}
Opioid intoxication^{[clarification needed]}
Volatile inhalants withdrawal
Volatile inhalants induced delirium
Volatile inhalants induced psychotic disorder
Volatile inhalants induced mood disorder
Volatile inhalants induced anxiety

Disorders due to use of dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine (PCP)

Episode of harmful use of dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine (PCP)
Harmful pattern of use of dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine (PCP)
Dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] dependence
Dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] intoxication
Dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] withdrawal
Dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] induced delirium
Dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] induced psychotic disorder
Dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] induced mood disorder
Dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] induced anxiety

Non-substance related disorder

Paraphilias

Somatic symptom related disorders

Hypochondriasis
Cyberchondria
Somatization disorder
Conversion disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder)
Factitious disorder imposed on self (Munchausen syndrome)
Factitious disorder imposed on another (Munchausen by proxy)
Pain disorder
Medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS)

Sexual dysfunctions

Elimination disorders

Enuresis (involuntary urination)
Nocturnal enuresis
Encopresis (involuntary defecation)

Feeding and eating disorders

Disruptive impulse-control, and conduct disorders

Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders

Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders

Personality disorders

Cluster A (Odd, Eccentric)

Cluster B (Dramatic, Erratic)

Cluster C (Fearful, Anxious)

Not otherwise specified (PD-NOS)

Other

Gender dysphoria (also known as gender integrity disorder or gender incongruence; there are different categorizations for children and non-children in the ICD-11)
Medication-induced movement disorders and other adverse effects of medication
Catatonia
Culture-bound syndrome

References

^ Bolton, Derek (2008). What is mental disorder? an essay in philosophy, science, and values. International perspectives in philosophy and psychiatry. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-856592-5. OCLC 174094316.
^ American Psychiatric Association, ed. (2022). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC, USA: American Psychiatric Publishing. ISBN 978-0890425756.
^ "International Classification of Diseases (ICD)". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 12 February 2014.
^ Sachdev, Perminder S.; Blacker, Deborah; Blazer, Dan G.; Ganguli, Mary; Jeste, Dilip V.; Paulsen, Jane S.; Petersen, Ronald C. (November 2014). "Classifying neurocognitive disorders: the DSM-5 approach". Nature Reviews Neurology. 10 (11): 634–642. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2014.181. ISSN 1759-4758. PMID 25266297.

[1] Bolton, Derek (2008). What is mental disorder? an essay in philosophy, science, and values. International perspectives in philosophy and psychiatry. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-856592-5. OCLC 174094316.

[DSM-5-TR-2] American Psychiatric Association, ed. (2022). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC, USA: American Psychiatric Publishing. ISBN 978-0890425756.

[3] "International Classification of Diseases (ICD)". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 12 February 2014.

[4] Sachdev, Perminder S.; Blacker, Deborah; Blazer, Dan G.; Ganguli, Mary; Jeste, Dilip V.; Paulsen, Jane S.; Petersen, Ronald C. (November 2014). "Classifying neurocognitive disorders: the DSM-5 approach". Nature Reviews Neurology. 10 (11): 634–642. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2014.181. ISSN 1759-4758. PMID 25266297.

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