Mākara is a locality located at the western edge of Wellington, New Zealand, close to the shore of the Tasman Sea.[3] The suburb is named after the Mākara Stream (mā is Māori for white, kara is a kind of greywacke stone).
Mākara | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
| Country | New Zealand |
| City | Wellington |
| Local authority | Wellington City Council |
| Electoral ward | Wharangi/Onslow-Western Ward[1] |
| Community board | Mākara/Ōhāriu Community Board[2] |
| Ohariu | ||
| Mākara Beach |
  Mākara  |
|
| Karori |
The Wellington City Council regards the nearby Mākara Beach as a separate suburb.
With winding road access from Karori or Ohariu, Mākara is a rural area with sparse development. It has attracted people who want rural living near Wellington.[4]
History
editIn the nineteenth century there was a small amount of gold-mining at Terawhiti Station but no large-scale workable deposits were ever found. Tunnels associated with mining activity still exist on the hillside.[5]
In 1921 the Makara War Memorial was unveiled, built in memory of local residents who died in World War 1, and another name was added after World War II.[6][7]
There are gun emplacements at Fort Opau which still remain. These were built as part of the coastal fortifications of New Zealand due to fears of invasion during the second world war. A small foreshore reserve of sand dunes was bulldozed during this time as it was felt these could be hiding places for an invading army. This destroyed ecosystem is slowly being restored by local community groups.[8]
The Cook Strait Cable comes ashore from the South Island at Oteranga Bay in the suburb of Mākara. The HVDC line came into operation in April 1965 and was at the time the world's largest submarine cable.[9]
A radio receiving station was set up in 1944 in the region, at Quartz Hill, to receive overseas shortwave broadcasts for re-transmission by the New Zealand Broadcasting Service, close to the NZ Post Office Makara Radio receiving station. Subsequently from 1997 to 2007 the site was leased to a local amateur radio club, who installed equipment and multiple antennae to contact operators all over the world. The station's callsign was ZL6QH.
In 1973 Makara Riding, formerly under the jurisdiction of a County Council, came under the administration of the Wellington City Council.[10]
West Wind, a proposal for a $380-million wind farm by Meridian Energy was approved by Wellington City Council in 2005. Opponents claimed that the project was too close to a populated area. In 2007 construction began on West Wind along Terawhiti Ridge. A temporary wharf was constructed in Oteranga Bay to move turbine parts into the area without going through Wellington's Central Business District.
The 62 turbine farm was completed in 2009 and includes a recreation area.[11] The turbines are 111 metres high and cover a 56 square-kilometre area including Quartz Hill and Terawhiti Station.
In 2019, the name of the locality was officially gazetted as Mākara.[12]
Demographics
editMākara is part of the Mākara-Ohariu statistical area.[13]
Facilities
editParks and reserves
editThe potential of Makara as a possible recreational landscape for Wellington city was recognised from the early 1970s.[14] There is a small boat access at the north end of Mākara Beach into the river.[15] There is a two-hour walk from Mākara to Boom Rock if the Mākara Stream is crossed.[16]
Churches and cemeteries
editMākara Cemetery is Wellington's largest cemetery. It was founded after Karori Cemetery edged towards full capacity in 1940, the first burial occurred in 1965. It is currently about one third full.[17]
The burial ground Ngā Iwi o Te Motu Urupā is open for Māori and their whānau in Mākara Cemetery.
St Patricks Church was built in Mākara in 1873 by the Catholic Diocese. It is now a non-denominational, community owned church and often serves as a function area alongside the Makara Hall next door.[18]
Education
editMakara Model School, a co-educational state primary school for Year 1 to 8 students, is located in Mākara.[19] It has a roll of 85 as of August 2024.[20]
The school is a community emergency hub.[21]
Climate
edit| Climate data for Mākara (1951–1980) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 17.7 (63.9) |
18.0 (64.4) |
16.9 (62.4) |
14.6 (58.3) |
12.2 (54.0) |
10.2 (50.4) |
9.4 (48.9) |
10.0 (50.0) |
11.3 (52.3) |
12.9 (55.2) |
14.4 (57.9) |
16.2 (61.2) |
13.7 (56.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 14.9 (58.8) |
15.2 (59.4) |
14.3 (57.7) |
12.3 (54.1) |
10.0 (50.0) |
8.2 (46.8) |
7.4 (45.3) |
7.8 (46.0) |
9.0 (48.2) |
10.5 (50.9) |
11.8 (53.2) |
13.5 (56.3) |
11.2 (52.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 12.0 (53.6) |
12.3 (54.1) |
11.6 (52.9) |
9.9 (49.8) |
7.7 (45.9) |
6.1 (43.0) |
5.3 (41.5) |
5.6 (42.1) |
6.7 (44.1) |
8.0 (46.4) |
9.2 (48.6) |
10.8 (51.4) |
8.8 (47.8) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 75 (3.0) |
66 (2.6) |
86 (3.4) |
105 (4.1) |
129 (5.1) |
132 (5.2) |
144 (5.7) |
133 (5.2) |
98 (3.9) |
94 (3.7) |
79 (3.1) |
92 (3.6) |
1,233 (48.6) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 195 | 164 | 152 | 126 | 102 | 101 | 102 | 108 | 132 | 158 | 168 | 177 | 1,685 |
| Source: NIWA[22] | |||||||||||||
See also
edit- Project West Wind wind farm and Makara Guardians
- Terawhiti Station
References
edit- ^ "Ward maps and boundaries". Wellington City Council. Retrieved 24 January 2022.
- ^ "Mākara/Ōhāriu Community Board". Wellington City Council. Retrieved 24 January 2022.
- ^ "Place name detail: Makara". New Zealand Gazetteer. New Zealand Geographic Board. Retrieved 17 March 2018.
- ^ "offgrid living in Makara with illustrator Ruth Paul". Stuff/Fairfax. 5 July 2020.
- ^ "Wellington.scoop.co.nz » Students learn about 19th century gold mining on Makara coast". Retrieved 1 July 2019.
- ^ "Makara war memorial | NZHistory, New Zealand history online". nzhistory.govt.nz. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
- ^ "Makara Memorial". War Memorials Wellington. 2019.
- ^ "Makara Beach". Wellington City Council. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
- ^ "Engineering Heritage". ipenz.org.nz. Archived from the original on 4 February 2019. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
- ^ Menzies, D. H. (1973), Recreation in Makara : a study of the recreation potential of Makara Ward, Wellington, New Zealand : a major design study, Research@Lincoln, hdl:10182/6442, Wikidata Q108679813
- ^ "West Wind Wind Farm". www.windenergy.org.nz. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
- ^ "Place name detail: Mākara". New Zealand Gazetteer. New Zealand Geographic Board. Retrieved 2 August 2019.
- ^ 2018 Census place summary: Mākara-Ohariu
- ^ Menzies, D. H. (1973). Recreation in Makara : a study of the recreation potential of Makara Ward, Wellington, New Zealand (Diploma in Landscape Architecture thesis). University of Canterbury [Lincoln College]. hdl:10182/6442.
- ^ "Boat ramps". Wellington City Council. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
- ^ "Makara Beach". Wellington City Council. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
- ^ "About Makara Cemetery". Wellington City Council. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
- ^ "Makara Hall and St Patricks Church". Makara Hall and St Patricks Church. Archived from the original on 1 July 2019. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
- ^ "Makara Model School Education Review Office Report". ero.govt.nz. Education Review Office.
- ^ "Makara Model School Ministry of Education School Profile". educationcounts.govt.nz. Ministry of Education.
- ^ "Makara Model School". Makara Model School. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
- ^ "NIWA Datahub (Agent number: 3386)". NIWA. Retrieved 26 November 2024.
External links
edit
- 1:50,000 map
- "Makara Valley c1940 (image)". Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 1940.
41°16′08″S 174°42′22″E / 41.269°S 174.706°E
- "House of Richard and Ann Robinson, Makara (photo, ca 1895)". National Library (NZ). 1895.
- "Makara School Makara (photo, early 20c)". National Library (NZ). 1944.