The squatter's movement Abahlali baseMjondolo occupied a piece of vacant state owned land in Macassar Village, near Somerset West outside of Cape Town on 18 May 2009. The occupation was later destroyed by the city's anti-land invasion unit.
Background
editBefore occupying the land Abahlali baseMjondolo organised an open and public 'cleaning campaign' on the land during which the land was cleared.[1] On the day of the occupation four people, including prominent academic Martin Legassick were arrested.[2] The arrests, which were accompanied by shooting with rubbfollowed two attempts by the occupiers to barricade the N2 in protest at the demolition of their shacks by the police.[3] The Cape Times quoted Clarissa Benjamin, a 47-year-old mother of three as saying "We have no place to stay. The government has millions to spend on building stadiums for 2010, but I have been waiting for a house for the past 20 years.".[4]
Bush Radio reported that[5] the local councillor had agreed, on 20 May, to hand the land over to the residents on 21 May and that the occupiers expected Cape Town Mayor Dan Plato to hand the land over in person. However the City of Cape Town sent in its Anti-Land Invasions Unit to demolish the shacks on 21 May.[6] According to Abahlali baseMjondolo the City demolished the shacks on the land each day since the land was occupied and the occupiers rebuilt their shacks each day.[7][8] Because the City had no court orders for any of these demolitions they were, according to an article in the Cape Argus, "in strict legal terms, criminal".[9]
Responses
editProfessor Martin Legassick commented that "If housing cannot be provided immediately for all, people must be allowed to find land on which to build shacks, whether that land is municipal, state, provincial or private."[10] Mayor Dan Plato argued that "certain elements had orchestrated the land invasion through misinformation" and that 'If the group was allowed to squat there, they would "start shouting for services" such as electricity and toilets.[11]
Legal action
editOn 29 May Abahlali baseMjondolo secured an urgent interdict in the Cape High Court that prevented the City Council from demolishing any shacks without an order of the court.[12] However the City ignored the interdict and continued to demolish shacks. On 1 June 2009 Mzonke Poni, chairperson of Abahlali baseMjondolo in the Western Cape, was arrested on a charge of public violence.[13] He alleged that he was assaulted by the police while in their custody.[14]
Support for the occupation
editOn 9 June the Centre on Housing Rights and Evictions in Geneva issued a letter strongly condemning the actions of the Cape Town City Council.[15] The following day the occupation received a strong statement of support from The Catholic Justice and Peace Commission.[16] On 16 June 2009 Abahlali baseMjondolo Cape Town held an event to 'de-celebrate' the national public holiday of Youth Day.[17] At the time the Cape Argus reported that one of the people evicted from Macassar was sharing a single roomed backyard shack with 26 other people.[18]
Legal Controversy
editOn 18 June the City of Cape Town terminated its working relationship with the legal firm that had represented the occupiers[19] resulting in a 'storm'[20] of harsh criticism from human rights advocates.[21]
Outcomes
editDuring 2009 the land occupation continued under 24-hour surveillance from the Anti-Land Invasions Unit,[22] which had just received R10 million in funding from the Cape Town City Council.[23] Although people continued to live on the land they were not able to rebuild their shacks and were sleeping out in the open.[24]
Notes and references
edit- ^ 'Second day of the cleaning campaign: The 14 May 2009 Archived 16 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine' by Abahlali baseMjondolo, 14 May 2009
- ^ '3 held after police and homeless group clash Archived 17 December 2020 at the Wayback Machine' by Aziz Hartley, Cape Times, 20 May 2009
- ^ 'Macassar invaders to stay put Archived 6 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine' by Regan Thaw, Eyewitness News, 20 May 2005]
- ^ 'Millions for stadiums, but no houses Archived 17 December 2020 at the Wayback Machine' Arrests made as violent protests erupt over dismantling of newly-erected shacks by Francis Hweshe, Cape Times, 20 May 2009
- ^ 'Land awarded to Macassar Village residents Archived 8 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine', 21 May
- ^ 'The City reversed the decision by ward counselor (sic) at Macassar village Archived 5 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine', Khayelitsha Struggles, 21 May 2009
- ^ 'Ongoing Defiance of State Criminality at Macassar Village Archived 16 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine', Abahlali baseMjondolo, 23 May 2009
- ^ 'Land Occupation and the Limits of Party Politics Archived 17 December 2020 at the Wayback Machine' by Richard Pithouse, South African Civil Society Information Service, 25 May 2009
- ^ 'It's the state that is flouting the law Archived 17 December 2020 at the Wayback Machine' by Richard Pithouse, Cape Argus, 27 May 2009
- ^ 'If housing cannot be provided immediately for all, people must be allowed to find land on which to build shacks, whether that land is municipal, state, provincial or private Archived 17 December 2020 at the Wayback Machine', Martin Legassick, Cape Times, 26 May 2009
- ^ 'Retreat, mayor says to invaders', by Francis Hweshe, Cape Argus, 22 May 2009
- ^ 'Homeless fight Cape Town city[permanent dead link]', by Anna Majavu, Sowetan, 4 June 2009
- ^ 'Backyard dwellers' leader arrested for public violence Archived 17 December 2020 at the Wayback Machine' by Michelle Jones, Cape Times, 2 June 2009
- ^ 'Macassar Village Secured an Urgent Interdict Against the City of Cape Town Last Night Archived 16 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine', Abahlali baseMjondolo, 29 May – 2 June
- ^ ''Violation of housing rights of 60 families in Macassar Village, Cape Town', Centre on Housing Rights & Evictions, 9 June 2009 Archived 26 July 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ 'Can’t this city of prosperity find accommodation for 50 families? Archived 13 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine' by The Catholic Justice and Peace Commission, 10 June 2009
- ^ 'In Macassar, 16 June is no cause to celebrate Evictees rally to 'decelebrate' Youth Day Archived 13 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine' by Fouzia van der Fort, Cape Argus, 17 June 2009
- ^ 'All we want is a patch to call home 27 people share a one-roomed shack after being removed from Macassar land Archived 17 December 2020 at the Wayback Machine', by Fouzia van der Fort, Cape Argus, 16 June 2009
- ^ 'City gives law firm the boot[permanent dead link]' by Anna Majavu, Sowetan, 23 June 2009
- ^ 'Storm erupts as city axes law firm Archived 17 December 2020 at the Wayback Machine', by Karen Breytenbach, Cape Times, 3 July 2009
- ^ 'Why Cape legal twist looks like a demolition of justice for poor Archived 17 December 2020 at the Wayback Machine' by Jackie Dugard and Kate Tissington, Business Day, 2 July 2007
- ^ 'The Macassar Village Land Occupation, 15 June 2009 Archived 12 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine', Abahlali baseMjondolo
- ^ 'Anti-Land Invasion Unit Gets R10 million Budget Archived 18 September 2009 at the Wayback Machine', by Brendan Nkuna, West Cape News, 10 June 2009
- ^ 'Macassar Land Occupation Archived 18 September 2009 at the Wayback Machine', Khayelitsha Struggles, 25 June 2009