Luis Bravo de Acuña (died 1634) was a Spanish soldier known for his work on the fortifications of Gibraltar who also served as Spanish Minister of War, Ambassador to Venice and Viceroy of Navarre.
Luis Bravo de Acuña | |
|---|---|
| Died | 1634 |
| Nationality | Spanish |
| Occupation | Soldier |
| Known for | Spanish Minister of War |
Biography
editLuis Bravo de Acuña, Villarroel y Castro was a native of Cisneros.[1] His family belonged to the lesser nobility.[2] He was made a knight of the Order of Calatrava in 1599.[1]
In 1609 he commanded four galleys that accompanied a ship carrying Muley Xeque, exiled king of Fez, Morocco and Sous.[3] On 7 December 1611 Bravo de Acuña was in Lisbon as general overseer of the military forces of the kingdom of Portugal, at that time a possession of the king of Spain, and also in charge of the Spanish galleys in that kingdom.[4] A document of 3 May 1614 records that after the death of Juan Maldonado Barnuevo, Luis Bravo de Acuña was given the title of general overseer of all the galleys of Spain and Italy. A document of 1618 records payment of salary and expenses for this position.[5] He was Ambassador to Venice from 1618 to 1620.[6]
In 1625 the English made an unsuccessful attack on Cadiz, raising concerns about the defenses.[7] In 1627 Luis Bravo de Acuña prepared an audit of all the buildings and defenses of Gibraltar for the Spanish Crown, which includes the oldest surviving accurate map of Gibraltar.[8] Bravo de Acuña played a key role in defining improvements to the defenses of Gibraltar that would be undertaken by Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares during the reign of Philip IV of Spain. He concentrated on rebuilding the northern defenses, which were most vulnerable to a land attack.[7] He also prepared works on the defenses of Cádiz, Tarifa and other places.[9] However, his recommendations for Tarifa were largely ignored.[7]
Bravo de Acuña was an admirer of El Greco. At the time of the painter's death in 1619, Bravo de Acuña owned two pictures by the artist of St. Jerome, one of the Magdalen and one of St. Francis.[10] He was viceroy of Navarre from 1631 to 1634, succeeding Juan Clarós de Guzman y Silva, Marqués de Fuentes in this position.[11] He died in Madrid in 1634.[6]
References
editCitations
- ^ a b CUARTERO Y HUERTA & VARGAS-ZÚÑIGA 1957, p. 167.
- ^ Linde de Castro 2005, p. 222.
- ^ Salazar de Mendoza 1770, p. 134.
- ^ Vargas y Ponce, San Pío Aladrén & Zamarrón Moreno 1979, p. 53.
- ^ Vargas y Ponce, San Pío Aladrén & Zamarrón Moreno 1979, p. 231.
- ^ a b Marías 2009, p. 107.
- ^ a b c Sáez Rodríguez 2012.
- ^ Key Dates In Gibraltars History.
- ^ Vista de frente occidental.
- ^ Wethey 1962, p. 15.
- ^ Pérez-Bustamante 2000, p. 422.
Sources
- CUARTERO Y HUERTA, Baltasar; VARGAS-ZÚÑIGA, Antonio de (1957). Índice de la colección de don Luis de Salazar y Castro. Tomo XVIII. Real Academia de la Historia. GGKEY:Q6UASQQK7PL. Retrieved 2012-10-15.
- "Key Dates In Gibraltars History". About Our Rock. Retrieved 2012-10-14.
- Linde de Castro, Luis María (2005-05-31). Don Pedro Girón, duque de Osuna: La hegemonía española en Europa a comienzos del siglo XVII. Encuentro. p. 222. ISBN 978-84-7490-762-9. Retrieved 2012-10-15.
- Marías, Fernando (27 August 2009). "La memoria de la catedral de Toledo desde 1604: la descripción de Juan Bravo de Acuña y la planta y dibujos ceremoniales de Nicolás de Vergara el Mozo" (PDF). Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Retrieved 2012-10-14.
- Pérez-Bustamante, Rogelio (2000). El gobierno del imperio español: los Austrias (1517-1700). Comunidad de Madrid, Consjería de Educación. p. 422. ISBN 978-84-451-1755-2. Retrieved 2012-10-15.
- Sáez Rodríguez, Ángel J. (2012). "El informe de Luis Bravo de Acuña para Tarifa en 1627". Retrieved 2012-10-14.
- Salazar de Mendoza, Pedro (1770). Monarquía de España. por D. Joachin Ibarra. p. 134. Retrieved 2012-10-15.
- Vargas y Ponce, José de; San Pío Aladrén, Pilar; Zamarrón Moreno, Carmen (1979). Catálogo de la Colección de Documentos de Vargas Ponce Que Posee el Museo Naval: (Serie Primera: Numeración Romana). CSIC-Dpto. de Publicaciones. ISBN 978-84-500-3649-7. Retrieved 2012-10-15.
- "Vista de frente occidental del Peñón de Gibraltar desde la bahía de Algeciras". ABC Sevilla. Retrieved 2012-10-14.
- Wethey, Harold Edwin (1962). El Greco and his school. Princeton University Press. Retrieved 2012-10-15.