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List of Indian states and union territories by Human Development Index

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This article lists the Human Development Index (HDI) rating of the States and union territories of India.

Indian states by HDI (UNDP method, 2018)
India States and Union Territories by Human Development Index (NSC method, 2017–18)
Indian states by HDI (NSC method, 2017–18)

HDI is a composite index that takes into consideration health, education and income.

The national average HDI for India in 2008 was 0.467.[1] By 2010, its average HDI had risen to 0.519.[2][3] UNDP, the sponsor of the Human Development Index methodology since 1990, reported India's HDI to be 0.554 for 2012,[4] an 18% increase over its 2008 HDI. The United Nations declared India's HDI to be 0.586 in 2014,[5] a 5.77% increase over 2012. As for the year 2018, HDI for India stood at 0.645.[6][7][8]

HDI (UNDP method)

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The following values are estimates from 2022 calculated by Global Data Lab,[9] using the same method of calculation as UNDP.[10] It is important to note that other sources report different HDI rankings (typically higher).

Rank State/Union Territory HDI (2022) Comparable country[11]
High Human Development
1 Goa 0.760   Azerbaijan,   Brazil
2 Kerala 0.758   Colombia
3 Chandigarh 0.751   Libya
4 Puducherry 0.741   Mongolia
5 Delhi 0.734   Ukraine
6 Jammu and Kashmir 0.720   Lebanon,
  South Africa
7 Lakshadweep 0.719   South Africa
8 Himachal Pradesh 0.715   Palestine
9 Sikkim 0.712   Indonesia
10 Mizoram 0.709   Philippines,
  Botswana
11 Andaman and Nicobar Islands 0.706   Jamaica
Medium Human Development
12 Punjab 0.698   Bolivia,   Morocco
13 Haryana 0.696   Nauru
14 Maharastra 0.695
15 Tamil Nadu 0.692   Gabon
16 Arunachal Pradesh 0.683   Bhutan
Manipur
18 Uttarakhand 0.681
19 Nagaland 0.679   Tajikistan
20 Daman and Diu 0.674   El Salvador
21 Karnataka 0.673   Iraq
22 Telangana 0.660   Cabo Verde
23 Rajasthan 0.652   Tuvalu
24 Meghalaya 0.650   Equatorial Guinea
25 Gujarat 0.646
–   India (average) 0.644
26 Andhra Pradesh 0.642   Equatorial Guinea,
  Micronesia
27 West Bengal 0.635   Micronesia
28 Chhatisgarh 0.625   Honduras
29 Dadra and Nagar Haveli 0.624
Tripura
31 Assam 0.615   Vanuatu
32 Madhya Pradesh 0.611   Eswatini,
  Namibia
33 Odisha 0.610
34 Uttar Pradesh 0.609   Eswatini,
  Namibia,
  Myanmar
35 Jharkhand 0.600   Cambodia
36 Bihar 0.577   Zambia

HDI (NSC method)

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The following values are estimates from 2017 to 2018 calculated by the National Statistical Commission (NSC) of India.[12] These values were calculated based on a modified version of the UNDP method of calculation, using per-capita Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) in the national currency to measure the "decent standard of living" component of HDI, rather than per-capita Gross National Income (GNI) in Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) US dollars.[13][14]

Rank State/Union Territory HDI (2017–2018)
Very High Human Development
1 Delhi 0.898
2 Chandigarh 0.827
3 Goa 0.806
High Human Development
4 Kerala 0.775
5 Sikkim 0.764
6 Himachal Pradesh 0.761
7 Uttarakhand 0.758
8 Puducherry 0.752
9 Maharashtra 0.750
10 Mizoram 0.747
11 Tamil Nadu 0.738
12 Punjab 0.738
13 Haryana 0.724
14 Andaman and Nicobar Islands 0.707
15 Karnataka 0.706
16 Telangana 0.705
17 Meghalaya 0.704
Medium Human Development
18 Gujarat 0.698
19 Daman and Diu 0.695
20 Lakshadweep 0.687
21 Manipur 0.686
22 Arunachal Pradesh 0.684
23 Nagaland 0.678
24 West Bengal 0.674
–   India (average) 0.672
25 Tripura 0.667
26 Jammu and Kashmir 0.663
27 Dadra and Nagar Haveli 0.662
28 Assam 0.651
29 Odisha 0.649
30 Andhra Pradesh 0.648
31 Rajasthan 0.638
32 Chhattisgarh 0.629
33 Jharkhand 0.618
34 Madhya Pradesh 0.616
35 Uttar Pradesh 0.592
36 Bihar 0.551
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Human Development Index (by UN Method) of Indian states since 1990 (2019 revision).[15]

State HDI
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2019
Northern India
Chandigarh 0.635 0.635 0.630 0.658 0.643 0.737 0.759
New Delhi 0.580 0.615 0.657 0.685 0.702 0.734 0.744
Haryana 0.471 0.501 0.543 0.587 0.628 0.689 0.704
Himachal Pradesh 0.484 0.526 0.584 0.641 0.661 0.707 0.717
Jammu and Kashmir 0.498 0.508 0.523 0.583 0.636 0.677 0.712
Madhya Pradesh 0.407 0.427 0.453 0.495 0.531 0.585 0.607
Punjab 0.501 0.533 0.573 0.69 0.651 0.706 0.707
Uttar Pradesh 0.398 0.423 0.456 0.498 0.528 0.577 0.603
Uttarakhand 0.627 0.626 0.621 0.650 0.634 0.666 0.684
Western India
Dadra and Nagar Haveli 0.672 0.673 0.673 0.702 0.688 0.665 0.631
Daman and Diu 0.651 0.652 0.655 0.682 0.669 0.693 0.674
Goa 0.557 0.578 0.609 0.668 0.731 0.758 0.765
Gujarat 0.474 0.493 0.521 0.569 0.599 0.654 0.650
Maharashtra 0.498 0.521 0.552 0.598 0.638 0.683 0.701
Rajasthan 0.406 0.431 0.463 0.505 0.542 0.606 0.650
Eastern India
Andaman and Nicobar Islands 0.685 0.685 0.686 0.714 0.700 0.726 0.719
West Bengal 0.443 0.468 0.500 0.534 0.567 0.622 0.636
Bihar 0.379 0.402 0.430 0.465 0.508 0.558 0.581
Chhattisgarh 0.562 0.559 0.555 0.581 0.566 0.595 0.617
Jharkhand 0.562 0.560 0.555 0.582 0.567 0.585 0.600
Odisha 0.402 0.424 0.452 0.489 0.529 0.586 0.608
Northeastern India
Assam 0.412 0.442 0.482 0.526 0.560 0.599 0.609
Arunachal Pradesh 0.442 0.467 0.497 0.530 0.635 0.664 0.677
Manipur 0.499 0.522 0.553 0.593 0.674 0.698 0.691
Meghalaya 0.461 0.465 0.471 0.528 0.613 0.651 0.654
Mizoram 0.531 0.544 0.564 0.626 0.679 0.700 0.701
Nagaland 0.539 0.531 0.518 0.553 0.654 0.682 0.683
Sikkim 0.546 0.543 0.543 0.587 0.628 0.695 0.715
Tripura 0.449 0.483 0.525 0.557 0.602 0.646 0.640
Southern India
Andhra Pradesh 0.427 0.446 0.473 0.526 0.574 0.631 0.642
Karnataka 0.447 0.474 0.512 0.561 0.599 0.662 0.679
Kerala 0.550 0.565 0.593 0.675 0.709 0.763 0.766
Lakshadweep 0.694 0.694 0.695 0.724 0.710 0.735 0.728
Puducherry 0.711 0.720 0.720 0.750 0.736 0.734 0.739
Tamil Nadu 0.475 0.500 0.537 0.596 0.641 0.693 0.699
Telangana 0.624 0.621 0.618 0.646 0.631 0.654 0.658
India 0.434 0.458 0.491 0.534 0.575 0.629 0.645
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Compared with the previous Indian National Human Development Reports and the latest state-level government statistical report, India has significantly improved its HDI in all of its administrative subdivisions:

Legend

Very High/High Human Development Index

  0.850–0.899
  0.800–0.849
  0.750–0.799
  0.700–0.749

Medium human development index

  0.650–0.699
  0.600–0.649
  0.550–0.599
  0.500–0.549

Low human development index

  0.450–0.499
  0.400–0.449
  0.350–0.399
  0.300–0.349
  0.250–0.299
  ≤0.250
  Lack of information
 
Human Development Index map for Indian states in 2006, as calculated by Government of India and UNDP India.[16]

This is a list of Indian states by their respective Human Development Index (HDI), as of 2008.[1] Kerala stands first in Human Development Index among the states in India.

  • 1981 to 2011 Human development index in India
  •  
    National Human Development Report 1981
    (1981 data)
  •  
    National Human Development Report 1991
    (1991 data)
  •  
    National Human Development Report 2001
    (2001 data)
  •  
    National Human Development Report 2011
    (2007–2008 data)

Consumption-based HDI

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There are many ways to calculate HDI, and its calculation is sensitive to base data and assumptions. Using another approach, UNDP India and Government of India calculated the HDI nationwide average to be 0.605 in 2006.[17] This data was published by the Indian Government.[1] Note that the 2007-2008 HDI values in the table below is not based on income as is the UNDP standard practice for global comparisons, but on estimated consumption expenditure – an assumption which underestimates the HDI compared to the actual value.[18] Further, data was unavailable for the following union territories: Chandigarh, Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Daman and Diu, Puducherry, and Dadra and Nagar Haveli.[19][20]

Consumption-based HDI[21] (2007–08) Indian states only
Rank State/Union Territory HDI
1 Kerala 0.810
2 Delhi 0.750
3 Himachal Pradesh 0.652
4 Goa 0.617
5 Punjab 0.605
6 Northeast India 0.573
7 Maharashtra 0.572
8 Tamil Nadu 0.570
9 Haryana 0.552
10 Jammu and Kashmir 0.542
11 Gujarat 0.527
12 Karnataka 0.519
– National average 0.513
13 West Bengal 0.492
14 Uttarakhand 0.490
15 Andhra Pradesh 0.473
17 Rajasthan 0.434
18 Uttar Pradesh 0.380
19 Jharkhand 0.376
20 Madhya Pradesh 0.375
21 Bihar 0.367
22 Odisha 0.362
23 Chhattisgarh 0.358

Demographics

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Custom set of indicators (2022)[22]
Subnational HDI Health index Educational index Income index Life expectancy Life expectancy females Life expectancy males Expected years schooling Expected years schooling girls Expected years schooling boys Mean years schooling Mean years schooling females Mean years schooling males Log Gross National Income per capita Log Gross National Income per capita females Log Gross National Income per capita males
Total 0.644 0.735 0.569 0.641 67.74 69.38 66.26 12.58 12.61 12.56 6.571 5.529 7.626 8.847 7.992 9.278
Andaman and Nicobar Islands 0.706 0.789 0.624 0.714 71.26 73.62 69.57 13.12 13.49 12.74 7.800 7.451 8.136 9.344 8.433 9.789
Andhra Pradesh 0.642 0.741 0.534 0.668 68.19 69.93 66.88 12.66 12.71 12.63 5.476 4.542 6.457 9.027 8.155 9.467
Arunachal Pradesh 0.683 0.795 0.595 0.674 71.65 74.08 69.93 13.99 14.06 13.94 6.178 5.411 6.916 9.064 8.189 9.506
Assam 0.615 0.745 0.546 0.571 68.42 70.20 66.90 12.03 12.35 11.74 6.364 5.852 6.856 8.387 7.577 8.796
Bihar 0.577 0.702 0.497 0.551 65.65 66.83 64.24 12.16 12.00 12.47 4.783 3.339 6.357 8.253 7.456 8.655
Chandigarh 0.751 0.773 0.721 0.759 70.27 72.44 68.65 13.72 13.92 13.58 10.19 9.867 10.50 9.633 8.703 10.10
Chhattisgarh 0.625 0.725 0.546 0.617 67.13 68.64 65.67 12.56 12.99 12.14 5.899 4.681 7.096 8.688 7.879 9.111
Dadra and Nagar Haveli 0.624 0.751 0.521 0.621 68.80 70.66 67.26 11.01 11.55 10.61 6.467 4.971 7.626 8.718 7.876 9.143
Daman and Diu 0.674 0.788 0.568 0.683 71.24 73.60 69.56 11.23 11.67 10.85 7.686 6.668 8.545 9.125 8.244 9.570
Delhi 0.734 0.760 0.702 0.742 69.40 71.39 67.83 14.10 14.61 13.61 9.308 8.589 9.955 9.518 8.598 9.981
Goa 0.760 0.808 0.714 0.761 72.51 75.11 70.73 14.28 14.44 14.14 9.525 9.223 9.915 9.643 8.712 10.11
Gujarat 0.646 0.745 0.534 0.678 68.44 70.23 66.92 11.26 10.95 11.46 6.643 5.519 7.726 9.092 8.214 9.535
Haryana 0.696 0.739 0.631 0.721 68.03 69.73 66.53 13.67 13.85 13.46 7.542 6.302 8.715 9.381 8.475 9.838
Himachal Pradesh 0.715 0.765 0.667 0.717 69.73 71.78 68.14 14.07 14.61 13.52 8.296 7.494 9.195 9.355 8.451 9.811
Jammu and Kashmir 0.720 0.796 0.664 0.705 71.75 74.20 70.03 15.09 15.23 14.93 7.356 6.109 8.475 9.270 8.374 9.721
Jharkhand 0.600 0.721 0.529 0.565 66.84 68.28 65.39 12.48 12.57 12.43 5.486 4.080 6.946 8.346 7.540 8.752
Karnataka 0.673 0.767 0.585 0.681 69.88 71.96 68.28 12.88 13.03 12.73 6.808 5.905 7.736 9.112 8.232 9.556
Kerala 0.758 0.822 0.732 0.724 73.43 76.20 71.58 15.05 15.59 14.52 9.422 9.620 9.305 9.400 8.493 9.858
Lakshadweep 0.719 0.767 0.666 0.726 69.88 72.15 68.17 13.59 14.09 13.17 8.668 8.321 9.205 9.413 8.504 9.871
Madhya Pradesh 0.611 0.715 0.525 0.608 66.46 67.83 65.03 11.98 11.86 12.07 5.765 4.477 6.966 8.629 7.796 9.050
Maharashtra 0.695 0.771 0.637 0.684 70.12 72.26 68.51 13.51 13.41 13.54 7.862 6.893 8.815 9.132 8.250 9.577
Manipur 0.683 0.769 0.674 0.614 69.96 72.06 68.36 13.94 13.92 13.96 8.616 7.870 9.445 8.671 7.834 9.094
Meghalaya 0.650 0.744 0.590 0.624 68.34 70.10 66.82 13.42 14.13 12.74 6.529 6.571 6.536 8.737 7.893 9.162
Mizoram 0.709 0.766 0.653 0.713 69.82 71.89 68.23 13.39 13.42 13.30 8.441 8.267 8.655 9.327 8.426 9.781
Nagaland 0.679 0.765 0.632 0.647 69.75 71.81 68.16 13.45 13.87 13.05 7.738 7.387 8.086 8.888 8.030 9.321
Odisha 0.610 0.731 0.520 0.595 67.54 69.14 66.06 11.73 11.71 11.79 5.837 4.896 6.816 8.544 7.719 8.960
Puducherry 0.741 0.815 0.682 0.733 73.00 75.69 71.18 13.77 14.45 13.11 8.988 8.332 9.825 9.456 8.542 9.916
Punjab 0.698 0.748 0.616 0.738 68.60 70.42 67.07 13.07 13.66 12.53 7.573 7.215 7.936 9.489 8.573 9.952
Rajasthan 0.652 0.740 0.561 0.668 68.10 69.82 66.60 13.38 13.18 13.59 5.693 3.951 7.396 9.027 8.196 9.467
Sikkim 0.712 0.786 0.664 0.692 71.10 73.42 69.42 14.72 15.17 14.24 7.655 7.387 7.916 9.183 8.297 9.631
Tamil Nadu 0.692 0.778 0.626 0.679 70.54 72.76 68.90 13.43 13.87 13.00 7.593 7.000 8.286 9.102 8.233 9.545
Telangana 0.660 0.759 0.560 0.676 69.31 71.28 67.74 13.22 13.35 13.08 5.796 4.606 7.066 9.077 8.201 9.519
Tripura 0.624 0.722 0.566 0.594 66.94 68.41 65.49 12.54 12.34 12.84 6.519 5.927 7.116 8.538 7.713 8.954
Uttar Pradesh 0.609 0.699 0.540 0.599 65.46 66.60 64.05 11.89 11.73 12.06 6.302 4.896 7.716 8.571 7.743 8.989
Uttarakhand 0.681 0.734 0.627 0.686 67.72 69.36 66.24 13.24 13.56 12.94 7.769 6.614 8.965 9.148 8.265 9.594
West Bengal 0.635 0.765 0.551 0.606 69.70 71.75 68.12 12.47 12.95 12.02 6.147 5.465 6.836 8.619 7.787 9.039

References

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  1. ^ a b c "India Human Development Report 2011 (Towards Social Inclusion)" (PDF). IAMR, Planning Commission, Government of India. p. 257. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 5 April 2014.
  2. ^ "Selected Socio-Economic Statistics India, 2011" (PDF). Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India. October 2011. Table 11.1, page 165. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 24 January 2015.
  3. ^ "India Human Development Report 2011 (Towards Social Inclusion)" (PDF). IAMR, Planning Commission, Government of India. p. 17. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 2 July 2014.
  4. ^ Human Development Report 2013 UNDP, page 64, Tabel 3.1
  5. ^ "Human Development Report 2014 – Sustaining Human Progress: Reducing Vulnerabilities and Building Resilience". United Nations Development Programme. January 2014. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
  6. ^ "India slips in human development index". The Hindu. 21 March 2017. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  7. ^ "Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 24 October 2018.
  8. ^ "| Human Development Reports". hdr.undp.org. January 2018. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
  9. ^ "Subnational HDI (v8.0): India". Retrieved 13 October 2024.
  10. ^ "Construction of the SHDI and SGDI Indices". Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  11. ^ "Human Development Report 2023/2024" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme.
  12. ^ "Gendering Human Development". Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  13. ^ "Human development index". Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  14. ^ "Gendering Human Development". Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  15. ^ "Human Development Indices (5.0)". Retrieved 4 February 2023.
  16. ^ "Gendering Human Development Indices" (PDF). Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India with UNDP India. March 2009.
  17. ^ Gendering Human Development Indices Archived 1 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine, Ministry of Women and Child Development, Govt of India with UNDP India (2009)
  18. ^ "India Human Development Report 2011 (Towards Social Inclusion)" (PDF). IAMR, Planning Commission, Government of India. p. 24. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 2 July 2014.
  19. ^ "Meghalaya Human Development Report 2008" (PDF). p. 23.
  20. ^ "General Reports: Planning Commission, Government of India". planningcommission.nic.in. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
  21. ^ "India Human Development Report 2011 (Towards Social Inclusion) – Summary" (PDF). IAMR, Planning Commission, Government of India. p. 2. Retrieved 27 October 2014.
  22. ^ "Custom set of indicators (2022) – Subnational HDI – Table – Global Data Lab". globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 13 October 2024.
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