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John S. McGroarty

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John Steven McGroarty (August 20, 1862 – August 7, 1944) was a poet, Los Angeles Times columnist, and author who also served two terms as a Democratic Congressman from California from 1935 to 1939.

John Steven McGroarty
McGroarty c. 1930
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from California's 11th district
In office
January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1939
Preceded byWilliam E. Evans
Succeeded byJohn Carl Hinshaw
Personal details
BornAugust 20, 1862
Luzerne County, Pennsylvania
DiedAugust 7, 1944(1944-08-07) (aged 81)
Los Angeles, California
Political partyDemocratic
ProfessionPolitician, Journalist, Author, Poet

Biography

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Born at Buck Mountain, in Foster Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania (near Wilkes-Barre), McGroarty was the youngest of 12 children. He was educated at public schools and Harry Hillman Academy in Wilkes-Barre, and was employed as treasurer of Luzerne County from 1890 to 1893. He later studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1894. He practiced in Wilkes-Barre.

 
McGroarty in 1893

McGroarty moved to Montana and held an executive position with the Anaconda Copper Mining Company at Butte and Anaconda from 1896 to 1901. Afterward, he moved to Los Angeles, California in 1901 and worked as a journalist. In 1909, McGroarty edited a Los Angeles Times centenary edition of Lincoln's birth with an introspective on black people in Los Angeles. He became a "beloved figure in black Los Angeles" for his broad-minded views.[1]

 
McGroarty c. 1912

McGroarty authored numerous books and dramas, one of his best-known works being The Mission Play (1911), a three-hour pageant describing the California Missions from their founding in 1769 through secularization in 1834, ending with their "final ruin" in 1847. The play opened on April 29, 1912. McGroarty also penned California: Its History and Romance in 1911 and Mission Memories in 1929. In his book the California Plutarch, 1935, he detailed the lives and histories of Northern and Southern California's early pioneers such as the Crocker, Carrillo, Van Nuys, Stanford, Avila, Estrada, Sepulveda, Baldwin and Mulholland families. Besides, he was also the long-time editor of West Coast Magazine.[2]

McGroarty was designated poet laureate of California by the state legislature in 1933. He served in the 74th Congress from January 3, 1935, to January 3, 1937, where he played a significant role in introducing the Townsend Bill to the legislature. McGroarty was reelected to the 75th Congress from January 3, 1937, to January 3, 1939. In 1937, he introduced a successful bill that enabled the federal government to purchase a large timber holding from the Yosemite Lumber Company, bringing the land within the boundaries of Yosemite National Park.[3]

In 1938 McGroarty left his seat to run for California Secretary of State; he was defeated in the Democratic primary by incumbent Republican Frank C. Jordan. After his brief stint in politics, McGroarty resumed the profession of journalism in Tujunga, California. McGroarty died in St. Vincent's Hospital in Los Angeles, California on August 7, 1944, at the age of 81, and was interred at Calvary Cemetery.

He lived in Tujunga, California, in a house known as Chupa Rosa, that he built himself and completed in 1923 in what was at the time the unincorporated community of Sunland. It became a part of the City of Los Angeles in 1932.[4][5][6] The building, located at 7570 McGroarty Terrace, is now Historic Cultural Monument No. 63 of the City of Los Angeles and is known as the McGroarty Arts Center.

Electoral history

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1934 United States House of Representatives elections in California[7]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John S. McGroarty 66,999 53.5
Republican William E. Evans (Incumbent) 56,350 45.0
Socialist William E. Stephenson 1,814 1.5
Total votes 125,163 100.0
Turnout  
Democratic gain from Republican
1936 United States House of Representatives elections in California[8]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John S. McGroarty (Incumbent) 69,679 50.5
Republican John Carl Hinshaw 54,914 39.8
Progressive Robert S. Funk 12,340 8.9
Communist William Ingham 1,041 0.8
Total votes 137,974 100.0
Turnout  
Democratic hold
1938 California Secretary of State Democratic primary election[9]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Frank C. Jordan 479,264 47.52%
Democratic John S. McGroarty 211,856 21.01%
Democratic Leo Gallagher 125,051 12.40%
Democratic Marye Shannon Harrington 79,799 7.91%
Democratic Arthur A. Allen 73,502 7.29%
Democratic Milton Bryan 39,114 3.88%
Total votes 1,008,586 100.00%

Quotes

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The San Gabriel Mission Playhouse, a classic example of "Mission Revival Style architecture," was built in 1927 as the "Mission Playhouse" specifically as a venue for McGroarty's production of The Mission Play, which chronicled the history of California. A statue of him sits in the theatre's lobby.
  • "The plays could be made most touching and instructive at the same time, without connecting the Fathers in an unholy way with everlasting, silly femininity, as some would-be poets have done with no foundation in fact, but merely as a manifestation of their own unclean dreams, Godspeed to your work in that line."
    — Father Zephyrin Engelhardt to John S. McGroarty regarding his work on The Mission Play, 1910.[10]
  • "The story of Junipero Serra and the Missions for dramatic purposes has been lying around since 1833, at least, for anybody to grab. But no one grabbed it until I did so in 1912. Now it is mine."
    — John McGroarty to Charles F. Lummis regarding The Mission Play, 1916.[10]
  • "Both as Business and Art, it is intolerable to have in your beautiful pageant some of the frightful anachronisms now there. The Babbits don’t realize them; but every once in a great while someone will go to see the Mission Play who will know that Father Serra didn’t teach the California Indians to weave dam [sic] bad Navajo blankets!"
    — Charles F. Lummis to John McGroarty regarding The Mission Play, 1926.[10]
  • "One of the countless drawbacks of being in Congress is that I am compelled to receive impertinent letters from a jackass like you in which you say I promised to have the Sierra Madre mountains reforested and I have been in Congress two months and haven't done it. Will you please take two running jumps and go to hell."
    — Letter from John McGroarty to a constituent in 1934. Quoted by President John F. Kennedy in Profiles in Courage, 1956.[11]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Douglas Flamming, Bound for Freedom, page 54. ISBN 9780520239197, ISBN 9780520249905, ISBN 9780520940284
  2. ^ The West Coast Magazine, Nov, 1910 issue, https://archive.org/details/C1002013144
  3. ^ Russell, Carl Parcher (1968). One Hundred Years in Yosemite: The Story of a Great Park and Its Friends. Yosemite Natural History Foundation. p. 163.
  4. ^ "Tujunga to Hold Vote on April 21", Los Angeles Times, March 29, 1925, page F-13
  5. ^ Marlene A. Hitt, Sunland and Tujunga: From Village to City, Arcadia Press, 2002. ISBN 0-7385-2377-1
  6. ^ Sarah R. Lombard, Rancho Tujunga: A History of Sunland-Tujunga, California, Sunland Woman's Club, 1990.
  7. ^ 1934 election results
  8. ^ 1936 election results
  9. ^ "Statement of Vote". Secretary of State of California. 1938. Retrieved 24 August 2024.
  10. ^ a b c Deverell, William. (2004). Whitewashed Adobe: The Rise of Los Angeles and the Remaking of Its Mexican Past. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA. ISBN 0-520-21869-8.
  11. ^ From edstephan.org
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U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from California's 11th congressional district
1935–1939 		Succeeded by
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