Jebel Bishri or Mount Bishri (Arabic: جبل البِشْرِي Jabal al-Bišrī, in Akkadian: ba-sa-ar or bi-si-ir,[1] in Amorite: Biśri[2]) is a highland region in northeastern Syria. It is located on the border between Deir ez-Zor, Raqqa and Homs governorates.
| Jebel Bishri | |
|---|---|
  Jebel Bishri Location of Jebel Bishri  Jebel Bishri Jebel Bishri (Near East) | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 825 m (2,707 ft) |
| Coordinates | 35°17′23″N 39°13′8″E / 35.28972°N 39.21889°E |
| Naming | |
| Native name | جبل بشرّي (Arabic) |
| Geography | |
| Location | Deir ez-Zor Governorate, Syria |
Geography
editJebel Bishri is a broad ridge of mountains extending immediately west of the Euphrates river, northwest of the city of Deir ez-Zor, southwestwards toward Palmyra.[3] It forms part of the Palmyrene mountain belt in central Syria.[4] Its eastern piedmont reaches Deir ez-Zor.[4]
The region is abundant with natural Asphalt which was discovered in 2007.[5] Gas and oil facilities are around the Bishri mountains.[6]
History
editJebel Bishri is associated with the Amorites and was known as the "mountain of the Amorites" (ba-sa-ar šá-dú-ì MAR.TUki) in Akkadian sources.[1][7]
The Arab Center for the Studies of Arid Zones and Dry Lands, Syria (ACSAD), headquartered in Damascus, developed a plan to be implemented from 1994 to 2006 to stop desertification in the region of Jebel Bishri. The scheme included planting certain kinds of trees such as Pistacia atlantica and Prunus.[citation needed]
Syrian Civil War
editOn 25 April 2022, as part of Islamic State's 'Vengeance for two Sheikhs' campaign, three Pro-Assad soldiers were killed in clashes with Islamic State fighters in the area.[8] Following the clashes, Russian warplanes reportedly carried out at least 20 airstrikes against Islamic State targets in the nearby deserts, causing an unknown number of casualties.[9]
On 20 June 2022, clashes erupted in the area between Islamic State militants and forces of the Syrian military. Over the course of three days, at least 26 Syrian soldiers and 7 IS fighters were killed. On 3 March 2024, during SAA combing operations, eight NDF militiamen were found shot dead after being executed by ISIS militants on the outskirts of the area. The group had been missing since 21 February.[10]
Notes
edit- ^ a b Cinzia Pappi (2006). "The Jebel Bishri in the Physical and Cultural Landscape of the Ancient Near East". Kaskal, Volume 3. p. 241–
- ^ Buck, Mary E. (2020). "Appendix A: Western Amorite Corpus". The Amorite Dynasty of Ugarit. Brill. p. 308. ISBN 978-90-04-41511-9.
- ^ Haldar 1971, p. 6.
- ^ a b Lönnqvist 2006, p. 203.
- ^ اكتشاف الإسفلت في جبل البشري سيجعلنا دولة مصدرة ل50 سنة قادمة
- ^ Brew, Graham; Barazangi, Muawia (2001). "Tectonic and Geologic Evolution of Syria". GeoArabia. 6 (4). Bahrein: Gulf PetroLink: 607.
- ^ Fleming, Daniel E. (2004). Democracy's Ancient Ancestors: Mari and Early Collective Governance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 39. ISBN 9781107404939.
- ^ "ISIS resurgence | Three regime soldiers shot dead in Al-Bishri desert at administrative borders between Deir Ezzor and Al-Raqqah". Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. 25 April 2022.
- ^ "Anti-ISIS campaign | 20 Russian airstrikes hit ISIS hideouts in Al-Raqqah and Homs deserts amid escalation in ISIS activity". Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. 26 April 2022.
- ^ "11 days after being missing | Eight members of National Defence found shot dead by "ISIS" in Deir Ezzor desert". SOHR. Retrieved 2024-03-03.
References
edit- Haldar, Alfred (1971). Who were the Amorites?. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
- Lönnqvist, Minna (2006). "Archaeological Surveys of Jebel Bishri: The Preliminary Report of the Finnish Mission to Syria, 2000-2004". Kaskal: Rivista di storia, ambienti e culture del Vicino Oriente Antico. 3: 203–240.
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