Isabelle Mary White (1 September 1894 – 24 June 1972) was the first British diver to win a medal at the Olympic Games,[1][2][3] and the first to win a European championship.[1][3] She competed in four Olympics, including the 1912 Summer Olympics, where she won a bronze medal in the women's plain high diving event, as well as the 1920 Summer Olympics, 1924 Summer Olympics, and 1928 Summer Olympics.[2] She also won a gold medal at the European Aquatics Championships in 1927.[4]
 After 1920 Antwerp Olympics | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Personal information | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| Birth name | Isabelle Mary White | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Born | 1 September 1894 London | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Died | 24 June 1972 (aged 77) Muswell Hill, London | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Employer | Amateur Diving Association | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Spouse | Captain Tommy Edwards | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Sport | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Event | High diving | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Club | Hammersmith Ladies SC Ilford Ladies SC | ||||||||||||||||||||
Medal record
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Belle White has been inducted into the Swim England Hall of Fame.[4] The Belle White Trophy was named in her honour in 1935.[5] Now known as the Belle White National Memorial Trophy, the cup is awarded each year to "the female team with the highest aggregate score at the Swim England Diving National Age Group Championships."[4]
Early life and training
editWhite was born in London.[6] She start diving eight years before women's aquatics events became part of the Olympic Games,[1][3] and trained at Highgate Ponds, for many years the only local highboard facility available, where women were admitted only once a week.[1] According to the Encyclopedia of Swimming, "Much of her training from 33-foot boards, was done from tiny platforms attached to unsteady ladders, rising from the end of seaside piers at Brighton and Clacton".[1]
One year before the 1912 Olympics, White went to Sweden to practice diving from wooden highboards,[1] and was awarded Swedish magister degrees in both swimming and diving in 1911.[4][1] She became a member of the Hammersmith Ladies Swimming Club,[2] which was founded in 1916,[7] as well as the Ilford Ladies' Swimming Club.[8]
Diving career
editOlympic Games
editIn the 1912 Olympics in Stockholm, Belle White won a bronze medal in the plain high diving event, which required two dives from 5 metres and three dives from 10 metres.[9] It was the first year that diving and swimming events for women were included in the Olympics.[3][10] Twelve out of 14 competitors in the plain high platform diving event, including the gold and silver medalists, were Swedish.[9]
After World War I, she competed at the 1920 Olympics in Antwerp in the women's plain high diving event, which required four dives – one running and one standing from both the 4-metre and 8-metre platforms.[11] White placed fourth at the 1920 Olympics, while British teammate Eileen Armstrong won silver.[11]
At the 1924 Olympics in Paris, White placed sixth in women's plain high diving, once again on the 5-metre and 10-metre platforms.[12] She was the only woman on the British squad to make it to the final in the event.[12]
Four years later, at the 1928 Olympics in Amsterdam, White was fourth in her first round heat in what then called the women's "platform diving" event, and did not advance to the final.[2] Nearly 34 years old, she was the oldest member of the British diving squad.[2]
European Championships
editIn 1927, Belle White won the inaugural gold medal in women's platform diving at the European Aquatics Championships in Bologna.[5][13] Although she had not been selected for the British team, White decided to travel to the championships independently.[4]
National Championships
editBelle White was the first winner of the Amateur Diving Association's Ladies Plain Diving Bath championship in 1916, and went on to win the national title a total of nine times.[1][4] She was also the women's high diving champion in England from 1924, when the Ladies' Amateur Diving Championship began, to 1929.[14] In 1926, the championship was held in Torquay and watched by 10,000 spectators.[15] Following the competition, White did an exhibition dive from a height of over fifty feet, from Saddle Rock in Torquay.[15]
Advocacy for sport
editPrior to the 1928 Olympics, Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News noted that swimming was gaining wider popularity among women as a sport, and noted that "Miss Belle White, whose diving is really a thing of beauty, strongly advocates it as a panacea for all ills, including care and worry."[16]
Post-diving career
editIn 1930, White retired from active competition, and was elected vice president of the Amateur Diving Association.[2] She served as a diving judge at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London.[5]
Personal life
editBelle White was married to Captain Tommy Edwards, a world fly-casting champion, but was always referred to by her maiden name.[3] She died in Muswell Hill.[6]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h Besford, Pat (1976). Encyclopedia of Swimming. London and New York: R. Hale and St. Martin's Press. pp. 248–249. ISBN 0709150636.
- ^ a b c d e f "Belle White". Olympedia. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- ^ a b c d e "Belle White – Olympic Ace". The Daily Telegraph. 27 June 1972. p. 29. Retrieved 22 May 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b c d e f "Isabelle White". Swim England. 30 September 2019. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- ^ a b c "Belle White". Team GB. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- ^ a b Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Isabelle White Olympic Results". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
- ^ "Hammersmith Ladies SC, London (GBR)". Olympedia. Retrieved 10 June 2022.
- ^ "Swimming". The Times. 18 June 1923. p. 4. Retrieved 23 May 2022 – via The Times Digital Archive.
- ^ a b "Plain High, Women (1912)". Olympedia. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- ^ "History of Diving". British Swimming. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- ^ a b "Plain High, Women (1920)". Olympedia. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- ^ a b "Plain High, Women (1924)". Olympedia. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- ^ "Europeans Who Won a Medal at the European Aquatics Championships". Olympedia. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- ^ Keil, Ian; Wix, Don (1996). In the Swim: The Amateur Swimming Association from 1869 to 1994. Loughborough: Swimming Times. p. 205. ISBN 0-900052-43-0.
- ^ a b "Belle White Still Unbeatable: Ladies' Amateur Diving Championship". Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News. 14 August 1926. Retrieved 23 May 2022 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ "Out-of-door gossip". Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News. 9 June 1928. p. 52. Retrieved 23 May 2022 – via British Newspaper Archive.