Ibrahim ibn al-Walid

Ibrahim ibn al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik (Arabic: ابراهيم ابن الوليد بن عبد الملك, romanized: Ibrāhīm ibn al-Walīd ibn ʿAbd al-Malik; died 25 January 750) was an Umayyad caliph, and a son of Caliph al-Walid I (r. 743–744). He ruled from 4 October 744 to 4 December 744. He was the penultimate Caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate.

Ibrahim ibn al-Walid إبراهيم ابن الوليد
Khalīfah Amir al-Mu'minin
Dirham of Ibrahim ibn Al-Walid
13th Caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate
Reign	4 October 744 – 4 December 744
Predecessor	Yazid III
Successor	Marwan II
Born	Damascus
Died	25 January 750 Bilad al-Sham
Issue	Ishaq
Names Ibrahim ibn al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik
House	Marwanid
Dynasty	Umayyad
Father	Al-Walid I
Mother	Budayra (Su'ar)
Religion	Islam

Background

Ibrahim was a son of the Umayyad caliph al-Walid I (r. 743–744). His mother was a slave concubine named Su'ar or Budayra.

Reign

Yazid III named his brother Ibrahim as his successor. Yazid fell ill of a brain tumour and died on October 3 or 4, 744. Ibrahim duly succeeded him. Ibrahim ruled for two months in 744 before he abdicated, and went into hiding out of fear of his political opponents. The shortness of this time and his incomplete acceptance led Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari to state that he did not succeed in becoming caliph (v. 26, p. 247). However, al-Tabari (p. 13) does record that Ibrahim as caliph did confirm the appointment of Abdallah ibn Umar as governor of Iraq (v. 27, p. 13).

Abdication

Ibrahim was named heir apparent by his brother Yazid III. Marwan II decided to oppose Yazid III, and even though he later gave allegiance to Yazid, on the early death of that caliph, Marwan continued his own ambitions. Ibrahim requested and was granted Marwan's assurance of personal safety. He travelled with Marwan to former Caliph Hisham's residence at Rusafah in Syria. Like most members of the Umayyad family, Ibrahim was executed by the Abbasids in 750.

See also

• Umar ibn al-Walid
• Abd al-Aziz ibn al-Walid
• Al-Abbas ibn al-Walid
• Bishr ibn al-Walid

Bibliography

• Biesterfeldt, Hinrich; Günther, Sebastian (2018). The Works of Ibn Wāḍiḥ al-Yaʿqūbī (Volume 3): An English Translation. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-35621-4.
• Hillenbrand, Carole, ed. (1989). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXVI: The Waning of the Umayyad Caliphate: Prelude to Revolution, A.D. 738–744/A.H. 121–126. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-88706-810-2.
• Hinds, Martin, ed. (1990). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXIII: The Zenith of the Marwānid House: The Last Years of ʿAbd al-Malik and the Caliphate of al-Walīd, A.D. 700–715/A.H. 81–95. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-88706-721-1.
• Judd, Steven C. (2019). "Ibrāhīm b. al-Walīd". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). Brill Online. ISSN 1873-9830.
• Williams, John Alden, ed. (1985). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXVII: The ʿAbbāsid Revolution, A.D. 743–750/A.H. 126–132. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-87395-884-4.