Interstate 65 (I-65) is part of the Interstate Highway System that runs 887.30 miles (1,427.97 km) north–south from Mobile, Alabama, to Gary, Indiana.[1] The highway crosses Kentucky from south to north, from the Tennessee state line near Franklin to the Indiana state line in Louisville. I-65 passes through three of Kentucky's ten largest cities—Bowling Green, Elizabethtown, and Louisville—and serves Mammoth Cave National Park and Fort Knox. Kentucky was the first state to complete its portion of I-65, with the final section, located near Franklin, opening in 1970.
 Interstate 65 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 I-65 highlighted in red | ||||
| Route information | ||||
| Maintained by KYTC | ||||
| Length | 137.32 mi[1] (221.00 km) | |||
| Existed | August 14, 1957[2]–present | |||
| NHS | Entire route | |||
| Major junctions | ||||
| South end |  I-65 at Tennessee state line | |||
  I-165 / KY 9007 near Bowling Green US 231 in Bowling Green Cumberland Parkway near Glasgow  Western Kentucky Parkway / KY 61 in Elizabethtown Bluegrass Parkway in Elizabethtown US 62 in Elizabethtown I-265 in Louisville I-264 in Louisville  I-64 / I-71 in Louisville | ||||
| North end | I-65 at Indiana state line | |||
| Location | ||||
| Country | United States | |||
| State | Kentucky | |||
| Counties | Simpson, Warren, Edmonson, Barren, Hart, LaRue, Hardin, Bullitt, Jefferson | |||
| Highway system | ||||
| ||||
| ||||
Route description
editI-65 is maintained by the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC), along with all other Interstate, U.S., and state highways in Kentucky. Along its 137.32-mile (221.00 km) length in Kentucky,[1] major attractions I-65 passes include the National Corvette Museum, Mammoth Cave National Park, Bernheim Arboretum and Research Forest, and Fort Knox before entering the state's largest metropolitan area, Louisville.
It has interchanges with three of the state's parkways. The first of these is with the Cumberland Expressway north of Bowling Green between Smiths Grove and Park City. At Elizabethtown, it has two more parkway interchanges with the Western Kentucky Parkway and the Bluegrass Parkway.
I-65 also has interchanges with I-165 (formerly the William H. Natcher Parkway) near Bowling Green, I-265, I-264, and a complex junction with I-64 and I-71 along the south bank of the Ohio River in central Louisville. From there, northbound motorists on I-65 cross into Indiana on the Abraham Lincoln Bridge, while southbound I-65 traffic enters Kentucky from Jeffersonville, Indiana, via the John F. Kennedy Memorial Bridge.
The route is reportedly one of the heaviest traveled corridors in the US, with average daily traffic volumes of 50,000 to 70,000 vehicles.[citation needed] The full route has been widened to at least six lanes throughout the state.[3] The widest stretch of I-65 in its entirety is in Louisville, at Kentucky Route 1065 (KY 1065, Outer Loop) where the mainline is 14 lanes wide, with seven lanes on each side.
The highway crosses the line between the Central Time Zone and Eastern Time Zone at the border of Hart and LaRue counties.
For most of 2016, the Ohio River Bridges Project routed all I-65 traffic onto the Abraham Lincoln Bridge (a six-lane cable-stayed bridge now carrying only northbound traffic) while rebuilding the deck of the 1963 John F. Kennedy Memorial Bridge to accommodate six lanes of all-southbound traffic.[4] The project also rebuilt the Kennedy Interchange just south of both bridges in Downtown Louisville.[5] On December 30, 2016, both I-65 bridges began using electronic toll collection (ETC) to charge motorists for their use of this previously toll-free Interstate crossing.[6]
History
editWhen Interstate 65 signs first went up in Kentucky, state policy dictated that KY 65, a north–south route west of I-65, be renumbered. It was designated KY 259, which matched the telephone exchange prefix of the largest town it serves, Leitchfield. The final portion of I-65 to be completed in Kentucky, located near Franklin, opened to traffic on June 22, 1970.[7]
Kentucky Turnpike
edit Kentucky Turnpike | |
|---|---|
| Location | Elizabethtown–Louisville |
| Length | 39.624 mi (63.769 km) |
| Existed | 1956–1975 |
From July 25, 1954, until June 30, 1975, the portion of I-65 from I-264 in Louisville to the Western Kentucky Parkway in Elizabethtown was a toll road bearing the Kentucky Turnpike name. It was signed with a distinctive sign featuring a cardinal, the state bird of Kentucky. Unlike most states, Kentucky law requires that tolls be removed when the original construction bonds are paid off and cannot be extended. The road was thus the first of the state's extensive system of toll roads to be made free.[8] Unlike the other roads, which maintain their separate names when becoming toll-free, the Kentucky Turnpike signs were removed with the tollbooths.
Original toll plazas and charges
editThe table below shows the original locations of the toll plazas and toll charges for consumer-sized, or class-one, vehicles.
| Exit | Location[9] | Through cars charge | Enter or exit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 94 | Elizabethtown (US 62) | $0.10 | N/A |
| 117 | Shepherdsville (KY 44) | $0.50 | $0.25 |
| 127 | Louisville (KY 1065/Outer Loop) | Free | $0.10 |
| 128 | Louisville (KY 1747/Fern Valley Road) | ||
| Full-length trip | $0.60 | ||
Service areas
editIn addition to toll plazas, the Kentucky Turnpike also provided two service areas just south of Lebanon Junction and just north of Shepherdsville. They each provided a gas station and at least one fast food restaurant.[10] They both closed May 31, 1984. The former service areas were located in the median between the northbound and southbound lanes, and, when the former Turnpike was reconstructed into Interstate Highway standards in the early 1980s, this necessitated the removal of left exit and entrance ramps from the primary travel lanes. Initially, the rebuilt highway was routed around the service areas: to the east of the Shepherdsville service area allowing only southbound access and to the west of the Lebanon Junction service area allowing only northbound access; however, this arrangement was incompatible with the existing contracts with concession operators at the service areas. These contracts specified that both service areas would be accessible to both northbound and southbound traffic. Faced with either the construction of expensive crossover ramps at both locations or buying out the concession contracts, the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) elected to buy out the concession contracts and close both service areas.[11]
21st century
editOn November 15, 2006, the stretch of I-65 from Bowling Green to Louisville was renamed the Abraham Lincoln Memorial Highway.[12]
On February 12, 2007, a bill passed the Kentucky Senate to rename I-65 in Jefferson County the "Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Expressway".[13] Signage was posted July 25, 2007.[14]
On July 15, 2007, Kentucky officially raised its speed limits on Interstate and state parkway highways to 70 mph (110 km/h). Until that date, Kentucky was the only state along I-65's path that had a speed limit of 65 mph (105 km/h).[15]
In 2008, Governor Steve Beshear ordered the entire route to be widened to a minimum of six lanes through the entire state. This project won an award under the "Under Budget—Medium" category in the Southeast Regional competition of the 2014 America's Transportation Awards.[16] The project was completed spring of 2019 with the final 10-mile (16 km) stretch between Sonora and Elizabethtown. [citation needed]
In July 2017, the KYTC opened a new interchange of I-65 at milemarker 30 to provide access to the Kentucky Transpark near Bowling Green. The $66.8-million project, which began in 2016, would improve traffic conditions along I-65 and U.S. Route 31W (US 31W) in northeastern Warren County. The first phase of the project include the new interchange, exit 30, plus a four-lane connector road going from the Interstate to US 68 just east of Bowling Green.[17] The second phase is building a two-lane connector road running from US 68 to US 31W between Bowling Green and Oakland, thus relieving congestion problems on both U.S. Routes. This was the first new exit on I-65 since 2002, when the interchange with KY 234 was built to connect downtown Bowling Green from the freeway.[citation needed]
Exit list
edit| County | Location | mi[18] | km | Exit | Destinations | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kentucky–Tennessee line | 0.00 | 0.00 |  I-65 south – Nashville | Continuation into Tennessee | ||||
| 121 |   SR 109 south (Vaughn Parkway) – Portland, Welcome Center | Exit number based on Tennessee mileage; southbound collector-distributor lane provides access to and from interchange and Welcome Center, and begins in Kentucky; opened on November 27, 2019[19] | ||||||
| Simpson | Franklin | 1.980 | 3.187 | 2 |  US 31W (Main Street) – Franklin | |||
| 5.979 | 9.622 | 6 |  KY 100 (Scottsville Road) – Scottsville, Franklin | |||||
| Warren | | 20.568 | 33.101 | 20 |  I-165 north / KY 9007 south – Owensboro, Scottsville | Formerly signed as exits 20A and 20B (former-William H. Natcher Parkway); southern terminus of I-165; northern terminus of KY 9007; I-165 exits 1B-A; KY 9007 exits 1A-B | ||
| Bowling Green | 22.388 | 36.030 | 22 | US 231 (Scottsville Road) – Scottsville, Bowling Green | ||||
| | 25.732 | 41.412 | 26 |  KY 234 (Cemetery Road) – Bowling Green | ||||
| Bowling Green | 28.066 | 45.168 | 28 |   KY 446 to US 31W – Bowling Green | Serves National Corvette Museum | |||
| | 30 |   KY 3145 to US 68 – Bowling Green | Serves Kentucky Transpark; exit opened July 6, 2017[20][21] | |||||
| Oakland | 35.631 | 57.343 | 36 |  US 68 (Glasgow Road) / KY 80 – Oakland | Northbound exit and southbound entrance | |||
| Smiths Grove | 37.578 | 60.476 | 38 |  KY 101 (Main Street) to US 68 – Smiths Grove, Scottsville | Also serves Nolin River Reservoir | |||
| Barren | | 43.135 | 69.419 | 43 |  Cumberland Parkway east – Somerset, Glasgow | Cumberland Parkway exit 1A-B; Future I-365 | ||
| Edmonson |
No major junctions | |||||||
| Barren | Park City | 47.371 | 76.236 | 48 |  KY 255 (Mammoth Cave Parkway) to US 31W – Park City, Brownsville | Serves Mammoth Cave National Park | ||
| Cave City | 52.423 | 84.367 | 53 |   KY 70 (Mammoth Cave Road) to KY 90 – Cave City, Glasgow | ||||
| Hart | | 57.627 | 92.742 | 58 |   KY 218 (Flint Ridge Road) to KY 335 – Horse Cave | |||
| Munfordville | 64.200 | 103.320 | 65 | US 31W (Main Street) – Munfordville | ||||
| | 70.407 | 113.309 | 71 |  KY 728 (Bacon Creek Road) – Bonnieville | Final exit in the Central time zone | |||
| LaRue | Upton | 75.896 | 122.143 | 76 |  KY 224 (Upton Talley Road) – Upton | First exit in the Eastern time zone | ||
| Hardin | Sonora | 80.457 | 129.483 | 81 |  KY 84 (Western Avenue) to US 31W – Sonora | |||
| | 85.686 | 137.898 | 86 |  KY 222 (Glendale Hodgenville Road) to US 31W – Glendale | ||||
| Elizabethtown | 91.086 | 146.589 | 91 | Western Kentucky Parkway / US 31W / KY 61 – Hodgenville, Paducah, Elizabethtown | Southbound exit to Dixie Avenue, Serves Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park; WK Parkway exit 137 | |||
| 93.345 | 150.224 | 93 | Bluegrass Parkway east – Lexington, Bardstown | Bluegrass Parkway exits 0A-B westbound; trumpet interchange | ||||
| 94.154 | 151.526 | 94 | US 62 (Mulberry Street) / KY 61 – Elizabethtown | |||||
| | 102.533 | 165.011 | 102 |  KY 313 (Joe Prather Highway) – Radcliff, Vine Grove | ||||
| Bullitt | Lebanon Junction | 104.698 | 168.495 | 105 | KY 61 (Preston Highway) – Boston, Lebanon Junction | |||
| | 111.773 | 179.881 | 112 |  KY 245 (Clermont Road) – Bardstown, Clermont | ||||
| Shepherdsville | 114 |  KY 3538 (Ohm Drive) to KY 61 – Shepherdsville | Exit opened March 1, 2021[22] | |||||
| 115.574 | 185.998 | 116 |  KY 480 (Cedar Grove Road) to KY 61 | |||||
| 116.639 | 187.712 | 117 |  KY 44 (4th Street) – Mt. Washington, Shepherdsville | |||||
| | 121.722 | 195.893 | 121 |  KY 1526 (John Harper Highway) | ||||
| Jefferson | | 125.143 | 201.398 | 125 |  I-265 east (Gene Snyder Freeway) / KY 841 | I-265 exit 10; signed as exits 125A (east) & 125B (west) northbound | ||
| | 126.746 | 203.978 | 127 |  KY 1065 (Outer Loop) – Okolona, Fairdale | Southbound split exit (east) and (west) | |||
| Louisville | 128.328 | 206.524 | 128 |  KY 1747 (Fern Valley Road) | ||||
| 129.802 | 208.896 | 130 | KY 61 (Preston Highway) / Grade Lane | |||||
| 130.710 | 210.357 | 131A |  I-264 (Watterson Expressway) – Louisville International Airport | I-264 exit 12; signed as exits 131A (east) and 131B (west) southbound | ||||
| 130.792 | 210.489 | 131B | Kentucky Exposition Center | |||||
| 132.601 | 213.401 | 132 |  KY 1631 (Crittenden Drive) – Kentucky Exposition Center | No access back to I-65 Northbound (must use exit 133 from Warnock Street) | ||||
| 132.955 | 213.970 | 133 |   US 60 Alt. (Eastern Parkway) | No access from I-65 Southbound to (Eastern Parkway, must use Arthur Street)or back to I-65 northbound (must use Warnock Street for I-65 North) | ||||
| 133.767 | 215.277 | 134 | KY 61 south (Arthur Street) | South end of KY 61 overlap; no northbound exit to Preston Street | ||||
| 133.978 | 215.617 | 134A |  KY 61 north (Preston Street) | North end of KY 61 overlap; northbound exit and southbound entrance | ||||
| 134.145 | 215.885 | 134B | Woodbine Street | Northbound exit and southbound entrance | ||||
| 134.675 | 216.738 | 135 | St. Catherine Street west | |||||
| 135.195– 135.384 | 217.575– 217.879 | 136A | Chestnut Street, Broadway (US 150) | Northbound exit and southbound entrance | ||||
| 135.649 | 218.306 | 136B | Brook Street | Northbound exit and southbound entrance | ||||
| 135.649– 135.919 | 218.306– 218.740 | 136C | Muhammad Ali Boulevard, Jefferson Street – Downtown Louisville | |||||
| 136.421 | 219.548 | 137 | I-64 / I-71 north – Lexington, St. Louis, Cincinnati | I-64 exit 5; I-71 exit 1; last free exit before toll bridge | ||||
| Ohio River | 137.318 | 220.992 | Abraham Lincoln Bridge (northbound toll; E-ZPass or pay-by-plate) John F. Kennedy Memorial Bridge (southbound toll; E-ZPass or pay-by-plate) | |||||
 I-65 Toll north (Toll Bridge) – Indianapolis | Continuation into Indiana | |||||||
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi | ||||||||
Auxiliary routes
edit
I-165: A spur running from I-65 in Bowling Green to Owensboro. Formerly the William H. Natcher Parkway.
I-265: Forms three-quarters of a beltway around the Louisville metropolitan area. The signage runs from I-65 to I-71 on the northeast side of the metro area. It is cosigned with KY 841 for its entire length and is known as the Gene Snyder Freeway. Construction of the Lewis and Clark Bridge over the Ohio River to connect the Kentucky segment of I-265 with the Indiana segment was completed and opened to traffic on December 18, 2016.
I-365: This is the future designation of the Cumberland Parkway once the latter is upgraded to interstate standards.
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b c Adderly, Kevin (January 27, 2016). "Table 1: Main Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways as of December 31, 2015". Route Log and Finder List. Federal Highway Administration. Archived from the original on November 23, 2016. Retrieved March 31, 2016.
- ^ Public Roads Administration (August 14, 1957). Official Route Numbering for the National System of Interstate and Defense Highways as Adopted by the American Association of State Highway Officials (Map). Washington, DC: Public Roads Administration. Archived from the original on July 19, 2017. Retrieved September 25, 2024 – via Wikimedia Commons.
- ^ Shafer, Sheldon (October 11, 2015). "Get ready for six lanes of I-65 in Kentucky". The Courier Journal. Gannett. Retrieved September 26, 2024.
- ^ Shafer, Sheldon (October 7, 2016). "5 lanes of Kennedy Bridge reopening". The Courier Journal. Gannett. Retrieved September 26, 2024.
- ^ "The Ohio River Bridges". Ohio River Bridges Project. March 31, 2016. Archived from the original on November 1, 2017. Retrieved March 31, 2016.
- ^ Mitchell, Kyle (December 29, 2016). "Last-minute rush hits RiverLink offices hours before tolling begins". Louisville, KY: WDRB. Archived from the original on January 2, 2017. Retrieved January 2, 2017.
- ^ "Final Stretch Of I-65 Opened In Simpson Co". The Franklin Favorite. Franklin, Kentucky. June 25, 1970. p. A-1. Retrieved September 26, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Kleber, John E.; Clark, Thomas D.; Harrison, Lowell H.; Klotter, James C., eds. (1992). "Rivers". The Kentucky Encyclopedia. Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 0-8131-1772-0.
- ^ Kentucky Department of Highways (1973). Kentucky Official Highway and Parkway Map (PDF) (Map). c. 1:760,320. Frankfort: Kentucky Department of Highways. Kentucky Turnpike and Interstate 65 (Toll schedule) inset. Retrieved October 12, 2017.
- ^ West, Gary P. (March 8, 2015). "Turnpike's glass house restaurants a memory". Bowling Green Daily News. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023. Retrieved February 28, 2019.
- ^ Cross, Al (September 2, 1984). "Reconstruction of I-65 in Kentucky forces removal of two service areas". The Courier-Journal. Louisville.
- ^ "Interstate 65". Travel Mammoth Cave National Park: Guide and Map. MobileReference. 2010. ISBN 978-1-6050-1034-2.
- ^ Gerth, Joseph (February 13, 2007). "Senate OKs renaming I-65 for King". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, KY.
- ^ Shafer, Sheldon S. (July 25, 2007). "Mayor, Democrats back I-65 King plan". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, KY. Retrieved July 30, 2007.
- ^ "Governor Fletcher Signs Speed Limit Bill" (Press release). Commonwealth of Kentucky. March 21, 2007. Archived from the original on October 30, 2007. Retrieved March 22, 2007.
- ^ ”I-65 widening project wins regional transportation award”. Barren County Progress, September 4, 2014, page 14.
- ^ Sergent, Don (July 5, 2017). "New I-65 exit improves access to Transpark". Bowling Green Daily News. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
- ^ Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (December 22, 2007). "HIS Expanded Milepoint Route Log Extract". Archived from the original on November 9, 2007.
- ^ "Tennessee Department of Transportation announces New I-65 Interchange at SR 109 is Now Open". Clarksville Online. November 27, 2019. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 4, 2023.
- ^ "A new Interstate 65 interchange and connector road opens in Warren County" (PDF) (Press release). Kentucky Transportation Cabinet. July 6, 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 4, 2020. Retrieved October 15, 2023.
- ^ Doyle, Darren (July 6, 2017). "Grand Opening of New I-65 Exit 30 Held Today At Ky Transpark" Archived October 28, 2017, at the Wayback Machine. EdmonsonVoice.com Archived June 29, 2017, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
- ^ Vogt, Dustin (March 1, 2021). "New I-65 interchange ramp in Bullitt County open for traffic". WAVE 3. Archived from the original on June 6, 2021. Retrieved June 5, 2021.
External links
edit
Media related to Interstate 65 in Kentucky at Wikimedia Commons
