Tootsie Roll (/ˈtʊtsi/) is a chocolate taffy candy that has been manufactured in the United States since 1907. The candy has qualities similar to both caramels and taffy without being exactly either confection.[3] The manufacturer, Tootsie Roll Industries, is based in Chicago, Illinois. It was the first penny candy to be individually wrapped in America.[4]
 A small Tootsie Roll "Midgees" | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy | 1,619.21 kJ (387.00 kcal) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
88 g | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sugars | 56 g | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 g | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Saturated | 1 g | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Trans | 0 g | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 g | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amounts converted and rounded to be relative to 6.6 g serving. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| †Percentages estimated using US recommendations for adults,[1] except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from the National Academies.[2] Source: Nutrifox | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tootsie Roll Industries (name adopted in 1966) is one of the largest candy manufacturers in the world. Over 65 million Tootsie Rolls are made daily.[5] According to the company website, the original recipe calls for the inclusion of the previous day's batch, "a graining process that Tootsie continues to this day."[6]
History
edit
According to the official company history,[7] founder Leo Hirschfield (spelled Hirshfield in Tootsie Industries history) was an Austrian Jewish immigrant to the United States of America,[8] son of an Austrian candy maker. He started his own career in the candy business at a small shop or factory in New York City in 1896. He was employed in a senior position at the Stern & Saalberg company in Manhattan, New York, owned by Julius Stern and Jacob Saalberg, for many years.[citation needed]
Details of his early career are disputed. The more common version has him starting a candy shop in Brooklyn that later merged with Stern & Saalberg. Another version has him starting at the factory and rising to a senior management position.[9]
The first candy that Hirschfield created was Bromangelon Jelly Powder. He completed the invention of Tootsie Rolls in 1907 after patenting a technique to give them their unique texture. He named the candy after his daughter Clara, whose nickname was "Tootsie."[10] The first Tootsie Rolls were marketed commercially in September 1908. Hirschfeld became vice-president of the company, which changed its name to Sweets Company of America in 1917, around the time of the retirement of founders Stern and Saalberg. Hirschfield resigned or was fired in 1920 and subsequently started Mells Candy. On January 13, 1922, in his room at the Monterey Hotel in Manhattan, he shot and killed himself, leaving a note saying that he was "sorry, but could not help it."[11][12]
In 1935, the company was in serious difficulty. Tootsie Roll's principal supplier of paper boxes, Joseph Rubin & Sons of Brooklyn, was concerned about losing an important customer and decided to acquire the troubled company. The company was listed on the New York Stock Exchange, but Bernard D. Rubin acquired a list of shareholders and approached them in person in order to purchase their shares. The Rubin family eventually achieved control of Tootsie Roll and agreed that Bernard Rubin would run the company as president. Under his leadership, the company steadily increased sales and restored profits by changing the formula of the Tootsie Roll and increasing its size. Additionally, Rubin moved the company from Manhattan to a much larger plant in Hoboken, New Jersey. He guided the company successfully through the difficult war years during which vital raw materials were in short supply. When he died in 1948, he had increased the sales volume twelve-fold.[citation needed]
After Bernard Rubin's death, his brother William B. Rubin served as president until 1962, when William's daughter Ellen Rubin Gordon took control. As of August 2015, she is chairman and CEO of the company,[13] having succeeded her late husband, Melvin Gordon, who was chairman and CEO for many years.[14]
Advertisements
editCaptain Tootsie
editCaptain Tootsie is an advertisement comic strip created for Tootsie Rolls in 1943 by C C Beck, Pete Costanza and Bill Schreider (1950 onwards).[15] It features the Captain Tootsie and his sidekick, a black-haired boy named Rollo, along with three other young cohorts; a red-haired boy named Fatso, a blond boy named Fisty (or a brunette named Marybelle), and a blonde-haired girl called Sweetie.[16] The feature utilized stories in the form of full-color one-page Sunday strips, black and white daily strips, and two issues of a comic book of the same title released by Toby Press. The advertisement comic was featured by many publishers and in the newspapers.[17] Within the context of the stories, Captain Tootsie is quite intense and quicker to the punch than any of his enemies. His stories are light and "kid-friendly." Captain Tootsie's comic strip ads ended in the 1950s.
In the 1970s, artist Herb Trimpe is believed to have modeled the original costume for the Marvel Comics character Doc Samson partly on Captain Tootsie's uniform.[18] In 2019, artist/writer Erik Larsen used Captain Tootsie as one of several older comic book characters in the public domain as part of his Savage Dragon series.[18]
Jingle
editThe Tootsie Roll jingle, "Whatever It Is I Think I See," was recorded at Blank Tape Studios, New York, in 1976. Elements of this ad can occasionally be seen today during advertised children's programming. It aired on television regularly for over 20 years, mostly during Saturday morning cartoon programming. The jingle was sung by a nine-year-old, Rebecca J. Weinstein, and 13-year-old David Johnson, the children of jazz musicians and friends of the song's composer. Originally, David was to sing the solo "Whatever it is I think I see becomes a Tootsie Roll to me," but his voice was changing and cracked on the high notes, so the solo was given to Rebecca.[19][20] Rebecca still has the original reel-to-reel audio tape recording.[21]
Ingredients
editThe current U.S. ingredients of a Tootsie Roll are: sugar, corn syrup, partially hydrogenated soybean oil, condensed skim milk, cocoa, whey, soy lecithin, and artificial and natural flavors.[22]
In 2009, Tootsie Rolls became certified kosher by the Orthodox Union.[23]
Alternative flavors
editIn addition to the traditional cocoa-flavored Tootsie Roll, several additional flavors have been introduced. Known as Tootsie Fruit Chews, flavors include cherry, orange, vanilla, lemon, and lime. These varieties are wrapped in red, orange, blue, yellow, and green wrappers, respectively. They also offer a special Mega Mix bag that includes specialty flavors, green apple, blue raspberry, and grape. The specialty Fruit Chews are wrapped in dark green, dark blue, and purple wrappers to correlate with their flavors. Tootsie Frooties come in numerous different fruit flavors, including strawberry, blue raspberry, grape, green apple, banana berry, smooth cherry, fruit punch, pink lemonade, root beer, cranberry, blueberry, watermelon, and the newest, mango.[citation needed]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ United States Food and Drug Administration (2024). "Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels". FDA. Archived from the original on March 27, 2024. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). "Chapter 4: Potassium: Dietary Reference Intakes for Adequacy". In Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.). Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US). pp. 120–121. doi:10.17226/25353. ISBN 978-0-309-48834-1. PMID 30844154. Retrieved December 5, 2024.
- ^ Kawash, Samira (February 1, 2010). "Chocolate? Tootsie Rolls". Candy Professor. Archived from the original on March 9, 2010. Retrieved May 30, 2014.
- ^ Fernandez, Manny (August 7, 2010). "Let Us Now Praise the Great Men of Junk Food". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved November 16, 2023.
- ^ "Unwrapped 2.0: How Tootsie Rolls Are Made". youtube.com. Food Network. Retrieved November 15, 2023.
- ^ "About Tootsie Rolls". Tootsie.com. Archived from the original on February 18, 2023. Retrieved February 18, 2023.
- ^ "Welcome to Tootsie: Corporate History". Tootsie Industries. March 6, 2012. Archived from the original on March 6, 2012. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
- ^ Bloom, Nate (October 27, 2011). "Jewish Stars 10/28". Cleveland Jewish News.
- ^ "Tootsie Roll Tragedy: The Real Leo Hirschfeld Story". Candy Professor. January 4, 2014. Archived from the original on March 19, 2016. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
- ^ "Tootsie Roll logs 100 sweet years". Indiana Gazette. Indiana, Pennsylvania. December 16, 1978.
- ^ "Kills Himself in Hotel – Illness and Wife's Breakdown Are Blamed for Candy Man's Suicide". The New York Times. January 14, 1922. p. 13 (S 22). Retrieved November 28, 2017 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Kills Himself in Hotel – Illness and Wife's Breakdown Are Blamed for Candy Man's Suicide". The New York Times. January 14, 1922.
- ^ Kesling, Ben (August 22, 2012). "Tootsie's Secret Empire". The Wall Street Journal. pp. B1 – B2.
- ^ Griswold, Alison (January 21, 2015). "Tootsie Roll CEO's Death Shines Wall Street Spotlight on Secretive Candy Empire". Slate.
- ^ Morris, Jon (2015). The League of Regrettable Superheroes: Half Baked Heroes from Comic Book History. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Quirk Books. p. 26. ISBN 978-1-59474-763-2.
- ^ "Captain Tootsie comic book". cartoonsnap.com. Archived from the original (JPG) on September 22, 2012. Retrieved February 19, 2016.
- ^ Mitchell, Kurt; Thomas, Roy (2019). American Comic Book Chronicles: 1940-1944. TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 229. ISBN 978-1605490892.
- ^ a b Cronin, Brian (November 28, 2019). "How Erik Larsen Has Used a Lost Hero as a Naive, Yet Compelling Contrast". CBR. Retrieved November 16, 2023.
- ^ "Letter from Tootsie Roll Industries Inc" (PDF). December 5, 1996. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 3, 2016.
- ^ Reported by Rebecca Jane Weinstein.
- ^ "toostsierollgirl.com". Archived from the original on October 15, 2014. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
- ^ "Tootsie Roll Inc". Retrieved May 5, 2017.
- ^ "Tootsie Roll Goes Kosher". Orthodox Union. Retrieved November 16, 2023.
External links
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