Counts and dukes of Savoy

The titles of the Count of Savoy, and then Duke of Savoy, are titles of nobility attached to the historical territory of Savoy. Since its creation, in the 11th century, the House of Savoy held the county. Several of these rulers ruled as kings at one point in history or another.

The County of Savoy was elevated to a duchy at the beginning of the 15th century, bringing together all the territories of the Savoyard state and having Amadeus VIII as its first duke.^[1] In the 18th century, Duke Victor Amadeus II annexed the Kingdom of Sardinia to the historical possessions of the Duchy, and from then on, the Savoyard dukes also held the title of Kings of Sardinia. The House of Savoy later went on to rule the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 to 1946 when the monarchy was abolished.

Victor Amadeus II was the longest reigning monarch of Savoy, followed by Charles Emmanuel I, and Charles III or Amadeus VIII.

Italy before the Unification

Counts of Savoy

Name	Birth	Marriages	Death
Humbert I 1003–1047/1048	c. 980 Maurienne	Ancilla c. 995/1000 four sons	c. 1047/1048 Hermillon aged around 68
Amadeus I 1047/1048–1052	c. 1016 eldest son of Humbert I and Ancilla	Adila 1030 three children	c. 1052 aged around 36
Otto 1052–1057	c. 1010/1020 fourth son of Humbert I and Ancilla	Adelaide of Susa 1046 five children	c. 1057 aged 47-57
Peter I 1060–1078	c. 1048 eldest son of Otto and Adelaide of Susa	Agnes of Aquitaine 1064 two daughters	9 July 1078 aged 29-30
Amadeus II 1078–1080	c. 1050 second son of Otto and Adelaide of Susa	Joan of Geneva c. 1065 several children	26 January 1080 aged 29-30
Humbert II 1080–1103	c. 1065 Carignano son of Amadeus II and Joan of Geneva	Gisela of Burgundy 1090 seven children	14 October 1103 Moûtiers aged 37-38
Amadeus III 1103–1148	c. 1095 Carignano eldest son of Humbert II and Gisela of Burgundy	(1) Adelaide 1120/23 no issue (2) Mahaut of Albon July 1134/1135 ten children	April 1148 Nicosia aged 52-53
Humbert III 1148–1189	4 August 1136 Avigliana eldest son of Amadeus III and Mahaut of Albon	(1) Faidiva of Toulouse c. 1151 no issue (2) Gertrude of Flanders 1155 no issue (3) Clementia of Zähringen 1164 two daughters (4) Beatrice of Viennois 1175/77 one son	4 March 1189 Chambéry aged 52
Thomas I 1189–1233	27 May 1178 Aiguebelle only son of Humbert III and Beatrice of Viennois	Margaret of Geneva May 1196 fourteen children	1 March 1233 Moncalieri aged 54
Amadeus IV 1233–1253	1197 Montmélian eldest son of Thomas I and Margaret of Geneva	(1) Margaret of Burgundy c 1217 two daughters (2) Cecile of Baux 1244 four children	24 June 1253 Montmélian aged 55-56
Boniface 1253–1263	December 1244 Chambéry only son of Amadeus IV and Cecile of Baux	never married	June 1263 Turin aged 18
Peter II 1263–1268	1203 Susa seventh son of Thomas I and Margaret of Geneva	Agnes of Faucigny 1236 one daughter	15 May 1268 Château de Chillon or Pierre-Châtel aged 66
Philip I 1268–1285	1207 Aiguebelle eighth son of Thomas I and Margaret of Geneva	Adelaide, Countess of Burgundy 12 June 1267 no issue	16 August 1285 Roussillon, Isère aged 78
Amadeus V 1285–1323	1249-1253 Le Bourget-du-Lac second son of Thomas II, Count of Piedmont and Beatrice Fieschi	(1) Sybille of Bâgé 5 July 1272 eight children (2) Marie of Brabant 1297 four children	16 October 1323 Avignon aged 69-74
Edward 1323–1329	8 February 1284 Baugé second son of Amadeus V and Sybille of Bâgé	Bianca of Burgundy 18 October 1307 Château de Montbard one daughter	4 November 1329 Gentilly aged 45
Aymon 1329–1343	15 December 1291 Chambéry youngest son of Amadeus V and Sybille of Bâgé	Yolande Palaeologina of Montferrat 1 May 1330 Casale five children	22 June 1343 Montmélian aged 51
Amadeus VI 1343–1383	4 January 1334 Chambéry eldest son of Aymon and Yolande Palaeologina of Montferrat	Bonne of Bourbon 1355 Paris two children	1 March 1383 Naples aged 49
Amadeus VII 1383–1391	24 February 1360 Avigliana eldest son of Amadeus VI and Bonne of Bourbon	Bonne of Berry 18 January 1377 Paris three children	1 November 1391 Château de Ripaille aged 31
Amadeus VIII 1391–1416	4 September 1383 Chambéry eldest son of Amadeus VII and Bonne of Berry	Mary of Burgundy 11 November 1386 Sluis nine children	7 January 1451 Château de Ripaille aged 67

Dukes of Savoy

Name	Birth	Marriages	Death
Amadeus VIII 1416–1440	4 September 1383 Chambéry eldest son of Amadeus VII and Bonne of Berry	Mary of Burgundy 11 November 1386 Sluis nine children	7 January 1451 Château de Ripaille aged 67
Louis 1440–1465	21 February 1413 Geneva fourth son of Amadeus VIII and Mary of Burgundy	Anne of Cyprus 1 November 1433 (or 12 February 1434) Chambéry seventeen children	29 January 1465 Lyon aged 51
Amadeus IX 1465–1472	1 February 1435 Thonon-les-Bains eldest son of Louis and Anne of Cyprus	Yolande of Valois 1452 ten children	30 March 1472 Vercelli aged 37
Philibert I 1472–1482	17 August 1465 Chambéry third son of Amadeus IX and Yolande of Valois	Bianca Maria Sforza January 1474 no issue	22 September 1482 Lyon aged 17
Charles I 1482–1490	28 March 1468 Carignano fifth son of Amadeus IX and Yolande of Valois	Blanche of Montferrat 1 April 1485 two children	13 March 1490 Pinerolo aged 21
Charles II 1490–1496	23 June 1489 Turin only son of Charles I and Blanche of Montferrat	never married	16 April 1496 Moncalieri aged 6
Philip II 1496–1497	4 February 1438 Chambéry fifth son of Louis and Anne of Cyprus	(1) Marguerite de Bourbon 6 April 1472 Moulins three children (2) Claudine de Brosse 11 November 1485 Moulins six children	7 November 1497 Chambéry aged 59
Philibert II 1497–1504	10 April 1480 Pont-d'Ain only son of Philip II and Marguerite de Bourbon	(1) Yolande Louise of Savoy 1496 no issue (2) Margaret of Austria 2 December 1501 Romainmôtier no issue	10 September 1504 Pont-d'Ain aged 24
Charles III 1504–1553	10 October 1486 Chazey-sur-Ain eldest son of Philip II and Claudine de Brosse	Beatrice of Portugal 29 September 1521 Villefranche-sur-Mer nine children	17 August 1553 Vercelli aged 66
Emmanuel Philibert 1553–1580	8 July 1528 Chambéry third son of Charles III and Beatrice of Portugal	Margaret of France 9 July 1559 Saint-Paul's Church, Paris one son	30 August 1580 Turin aged 52
Charles Emmanuel I 1580–1630	12 January 1562 Castle of Rivoli only son of Emmanuel Philibert and Margaret of France	Catherine Michelle of Spain 18 March 1585 Zaragoza ten children	26 July 1630 Savigliano aged 68
Victor Amadeus I 1630–1637	8 May 1587 Turin second son of Charles Emmanuel I and Catherine Michelle of Spain	Christine Marie of France 10 February 1619 Louvre Palace eight children	7 October 1637 Turin aged 50
Francis Hyacinth 1637–1638	14 September 1632 Castello del Valentino second son of Victor Amadeus I and Christine Marie of France	never married	4 October 1638 Castello del Valentino aged 6
Charles Emmanuel II 1638–1675	20 June 1634 Turin third son of Victor Amadeus I and Christine Marie of France	(1) Françoise Madeleine d'Orléans 4 March 1663 Louvre Palace no issue (2) Marie Jeanne of Savoy 10 May 1665 Turin one son	12 June 1675 Turin aged 40
Victor Amadeus II 1675–1730	14 May 1666 Royal Palace of Turin only son of Charles Emmanuel II and Marie Jeanne of Savoy	(1) Anne Marie d'Orléans 10 April 1684 Palace of Versailles Six Children (2) Anna Canalis di Cumiana 12 August 1730 Chapel of the Holy Shroud No Issue	31 October 1732 Castle of Rivoli aged 66

Kings of Sardinia

Name	Birth	Marriage(s)	Death
Victor Amadeus II 17 February 1720 – 3 September 1730	14 May 1666 Turin Son of Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy and Marie Jeanne of Savoy	1) Anne Marie d'Orléans 10 April 1684 Versailles Six children (2) Anna Canalis di Cumiana 12 August 1730 Chapel of the Holy Shroud No Issue	31 October 1732 Castle of Rivoli Aged 66
Charles Emmanuel III 3 September 1730 – 20 February 1773	27 April 1701 Turin Son of Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia and Anne Marie d'Orléans	Anne Christine of Sulzbach 15 March 1722 One child Polyxena of Hesse-Rotenburg 20 August 1724 Six children Elisabeth Therese of Lorraine 5 March 1737 Three children	20 February 1773 Turin Aged 72
Victor Amadeus III 20 February 1773 – 16 October 1796	26 June 1726 Turin Son of Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia and Polyxena of Hesse-Rotenburg	Maria Antonietta of Spain 31 May 1750 12 children	16 October 1796 Moncalieri aged 70
Charles Emmanuel IV 16 October 1796 – 4 June 1802	24 May 1751 Turin son of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonietta of Spain	Marie Clotilde of France 27 August 1775 No children	6 October 1819 Rome aged 68
Victor Emmanuel I 4 June 1802 – 12 March 1821	24 July 1759 Turin Son of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonietta of Spain	Maria Teresa of Austria-Este 21 April 1789 7 children	10 January 1824 Moncalieri Aged 65
Charles Felix 12 March 1821 – 27 April 1831	6 April 1765 Turin Son of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonietta of Spain	Maria Cristina of Naples and Sicily 7 March 1807 No children	27 April 1831 Turin aged 66
Charles Albert 27 April 1831 – 23 March 1849	2 October 1798 Turin Son of Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Carignan and Princess Maria Christina of Saxony	Maria Theresa of Austria 30 September 1817 3 children	28 July 1849 Porto Aged 50
Victor Emmanuel II 23 March 1849 – 17 March 1861	14 March 1820 Turin Son of Charles Albert of Sardinia and Maria Theresa of Austria	Adelaide of Austria 12 April 1842 8 children Rosa Vercellana 18 October 1869 2 children	9 January 1878 Rome Aged 57

Kings of the Kingdom of Italy

Name	Life	Became King	Ceased to be King	Notes
Victor Emmanuel II	14 March 1820 – 9 January 1878	17 March 1861	9 January 1878	Son of Charles Albert. Acquired land in Lombardy–Venetia and the Papal States. Uniting most of the Italian Peninsula.
Umberto I	14 March 1844 – 29 July 1900	9 January 1878	29 July 1900	Son of Victor Emmanuel II. Acquired land in modern-day Eritrea and Somalia, being the first Italian King to have a colonial empire. Assassinated on 29 July 1900.
Victor Emmanuel III	11 November 1869 – 28 December 1947	29 July 1900	9 May 1946	Son of Umberto I. Acquired land in Libya, South Tyrol, and the Istria during World War I. Reigned during the Fascist Period, while also gaining a bit more land in Libya and occupied Ethiopia. He reigned during World War II, in which he surrendered to the Allies. Abdicated in favor of his son, Umberto in 1946 before departing to Egypt.
Umberto II	15 September 1904 – 18 March 1983	9 May 1946	12 June 1946	Son of Victor Emmanuel III. The last King of Italy. On 2 June, the Italians voted for a Republic, and the Monarchy was abolished on 12 June.^[2]

Pretenders to the throne


Name	Photo	Birth	Death	Became Head	Ceased to be Head
Umberto II		15 September 1904	18 March 1983	9 May 1946^[3]	18 March 1983

Disputed Claimants

After the death of Umberto II in 1983, Prince Vittorio Emanuele succeeded him. On 7 July 2006, Amadeo claimed that Vittorio Emanuel had lost his royal rights when he married without Umberto II's permission in 1971, in which Amadeo declared himself the Head of the Royal House on the same day.

Descendants of Umberto II

Name	Photo	Birth	Death	Became Head	Ceased to be Head
Vittorio Emanuele		12 February 1937	3 February 2024	18 March 1983	3 February 2024
Emanuele Filiberto		22 June 1972	Still living	3 February 2024	Still claims the throne