The Castle of Monterrey is a 15th-century castle at Monterrei, in Ourense, Galicia. It is located at what was then a strategic point on the frontier between the kingdoms of Galicia and Portugal.[1]
| Castle of Monterrey | |
|---|---|
 View of the castle of Monterrey | |
 | |
| Alternative names | Parador Castillo de Monterrei |
| Hotel chain | Paradores |
| General information | |
| Location | Monterrei (Ourense), Spain |
| Website | |
| Parador Castillo de Monterrei | |
| Type | Non-movable |
| Criteria | Monument |
| Designated | 3 June 1931 |
| Reference no. | RI-51-0000781 |
It is now a hotel, part of the network of Paradores de Turismo de España.
History
editAlthough Alfonso IX of León had built a fortress, in 1223, over the ruins of an old "Castro de Baronceli", re-naming it "Monte Rey" (King's Hill), his feud with the local monks, part of his feud with Pope Celestine III, led to it being demolished shortly thereafter.[2] In 1262, his grandson, Alfonso X of Castile, also known as Alfonso the Wise, managed to establish a castle there.[2]
The buildings of the current castle date back to Sancho Sánchez de Ulloa (1442–1505), 1st Count of Monterrey, who built the 22-metre high keep, the "Torre de Don Sancho", in 1482,[3] although the castle's other keep, the "Torre das Damas" (19 metres), was possibly built earlier.[4]
Major extensions, including convents for the orders of the Franciscans and the Jesuits,[2] were later added in the 17th century by Philip IV of Spain's military engineers, Juan de Villarroel and Carlos de Grunemberg.[1]
Peninsular War
editIn the early stages of Marshal Soult's Second French invasion of Portugal, the Spanish General La Romana had set up the headquarters of his Army of Galicia, numbering some 9,000 troops, at Monterrei where, at the Battle of Monterrey (6 – 7 March 1809), the French army the routed the Spanish forces.
Background
editSoult, having left La Coruña and on his way to invade Portugal, had been unable to cross the Minho river which separates Galicia from Portugal. He had initially planned to do so at Tuy, but the weather conditions were against him, so he headed inland, towards Ourense, to the northeast. Still in Spain, this was the first point where there was a bridge over the river,[5] but Soult knew that before penetrating the Portuguese border he would have to eliminate the threat of the Spanish forces stationed there.[6]
Following the rout of La Romana, Soult stayed on at Monterrei for three days waiting for his rearguard and his convoy of sick to join the main body of his forces,[5] and then crossed the Portuguese frontier between Monterey and Chaves on 9 March,[5] and headed towards Porto, laying siege to Chaves, which he captured on 12 March 1809.[5]
21st century
editIn 2015, the Xunta de Galicia signed a 75-year concession to the network of Paradores de Turismo de España.[7] However, in 2016, the High Court of Justice of Galicia confirmed the annulment of the planning permission the Council of Monterrei had previously given for converting the castle into a hotel.[8][9] It is now a hotel belonging to the network of Paradores.
References
edit- ^ a b (in Spanish). "Castillo de Monterrey". Universidade da Coruna. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
- ^ a b c (in Spanish)."La mayor acrópolis de Galicia". castelo.monterrei.es. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
- ^ (in Galician). "Torre de Don Sancho". castelo.monterrei.es. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
- ^ (in Galician). "Torre das Damas". castelo.monterrei.es. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
- ^ a b c d Oman, Charles (1903). A History of the Peninsular War, Vol. II, pp. 194–196, 224–225. Project Gutenberg. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ (in Portuguese). Pires Lousada, Abílio (2009). "A Invasao de Soult e a Reconquista de Cahves aos Franceses. Uma Análisis Operacional". Revista Militar, 2493, October, 2009. Revista Militar. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
- ^ (in Spanish). Martínez, Sindo (20 June 2015). "La Xunta cede por 75 años el castillo de Monterrei a Paradores". La Voz de Galicia. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
- ^ (in Spanish). Vizoso, Sonia (15 October 2016). "La justicia declara ilegal un Parador gallego construido en un castillo del siglo XII". El País. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
- ^ (in Spanish). Colmenero, X. L. (12 March 2018). "La negra crónica de un parador que permanece clausurado y sin acceso". La Región. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
