The Café Gondrée is a small coffeehouse in the French community of Bénouville. The cafe is located on the west bank of the Caen Canal, at the northwest end of the Bénouville Bridge, now commonly referred to as the Pegasus Bridge. The building was the site of first combat during the D-Day invasion, and is best known for its role commemorating those events.
| Café Gondrée | |
|---|---|
 The Café Gondrée in 2009 | |
| Location | Bénouville |
| Coordinates | 49°14′32.7″N 00°16′29.9″W / 49.242417°N 0.274972°W |
| Built | 1892 |
History
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The two-story red brick building was built at the end of the 19th century.[1] The nearby Bénouville Bridge was a key objective of the British 6th Airborne Division. A unit of Glider infantry of the division's 2nd Battalion was to land, take the bridge intact and hold it until relieved. The unit was led by Major John Howard. Howard and his men boarded three gliders. Released at 8,000 feet in the pitch black of a storm filled night, all three gliders managed to make a rough landing in a field almost directly on top of their objective.[2] Leaving the broken gliders, the men engaged in a short, fierce firefight which ended with the British paratroopers in control of the bridge. Three British paratroopers entered the café at 6:20 am[citation needed] on 6 June 1944, thereby liberating it. The structure is arguably the first French house to be liberated, although in the book Commando du Pont Pegase, French historian Norbert Hugedé writes that the house owned by Mr Picot was liberated earlier.[3]
At the time of these events the café was run by Georges and Thérèse Gondrée. They had been involved in the French Resistance, and had passed on information about the defences around the bridge to British intelligence through the French underground.[4] Thérèse spoke Alsatian so was able to understand and pass on information from German soldiers talking in the café.[5]
The successful taking of the bridge played an important role in limiting the effectiveness of a German counter-attack in the days and weeks following the Normandy invasion.
After the war
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After the war the café became a place of honour for the men who came and fought in the Normandy campaign. British paratroopers celebrate the D-Day anniversary at the café every 5 June,[6] with champagne offered to the veterans present at 11:16 pm.[5] The walls of the café are decorated with shoulder patch badges, regimental insignia, old uniforms, helmets and photos of the leaders of the operation.[7]
With the passing of the Gondrées, ownership was taken over by their daughter, Arlette Gondrée, who was four years old at the time of their liberation.[5][8] In 2024 she was appointed a Chevalier of the Ordre national du Mérite for her work to commemorate the liberation.[9]
The café was also a destination for speakers at the military lectures that the war colleges put on in Normandy in the summers each year. Officers involved in the Normandy battles were asked by the war colleges to return to Normandy and speak of their experiences fighting there, and included such men as Major General "Pip" Roberts, Brigadier David Stileman, Major John Howard and Colonel Hans von Luck, an officer with the 21st Panzer Division.[10] Because the owners were still severely anti-German, Howard covered for Luck by passing him off as Swedish.[11]
The Café Gondrée still serves as a café, though it is now known as the Pegasus Bridge Café. On 5 June 1987 it was listed as an Historical Monument.[1]
References
edit- Citations
- ^ a b Base Mérimée: Café Gondrée, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
- ^ Ambrose 2003, pp. 96–113.
- ^ Hugedé, Norbert (1991). Le commando du pont Pégase. Editions France-Empire. ISBN 2-704-80429X.
- ^ Merchet, Jean-Dominique (6 June 2012). "Secret Défense (French)". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
- ^ a b c "Pegasus Bridge Café family to toast D-Day liberators". BBC News. 2024-01-05. Retrieved 2024-10-06.
- ^ Fuchshuber, Thorsten (6 June 2004). "Man konnte das Meer nicht sehen (German)" [You could not see the sea]. Telepolis. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
- ^ Von Reiner, Luyken (28 November 1997). "Die zweite Schlacht (German)" [The second battle]. Zeit Online. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
- ^ "The Gondrée family". Pegasus archive. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
- ^ "D-Day cafe owner to receive French honour". BBC News. 2024-09-29. Retrieved 2024-10-06.
- ^ "Obituary Brigadier David Stileman". The Times. August 10, 2011. Retrieved February 22, 2016.
- ^ Ambrose 2003, p. 198, "When Howard went to the café in the seventies and early eighties, he sometimes brought Hans von Luck with him. Howard told Madame that von Luck might look suspiciously like a German, but that he was in fact a Swede.".
- Bibliography
- Ambrose, Stephen E. (2003) [1985]. Pegasus Bridge. London: Simon and Schuster. ISBN 0-7434-5068-X.