The Cadillac DeVille is a model name used by Cadillac over eight generations, originally to designate a trim level of the 1949 Cadillac Series 62 and later for a standalone model in the brand range. The last model marketed specifically as a DeVille was the 2005 full-size sedan, at the time, Cadillac's largest model.
| Cadillac DeVille | |
|---|---|
 2004 Cadillac DeVille DHS | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Cadillac |
| Production | 1958–2005 |
| Model years | 1959–2005 |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Full-size luxury car |
| Layout | FR layout (1959–1984) Transverse front-engine, front-wheel drive (1985–2005) |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Cadillac Series 62 |
| Successor | Cadillac DTS |
For 2006, the Deville nameplate was retired, when the model line was carried forward (with minor revisions) as the Cadillac DTS, using a nomenclature adopted by the Cadillac STS and CTS.
Early history
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The name "DeVille" is derived from the French de la ville or de ville meaning "of the town".[1] In French coach building parlance, a coupé de ville, from the French couper (to cut) i.e. shorten or reduce, was a short four-wheeled closed carriage with an inside seat for two and an outside seat for the driver and this smaller vehicle was intended for use in the town or city (de ville). An (unshortened) limousine or (in the United States) town car has a division between the passenger and driver compartments and if the driver's seat is outside it may be called a sedanca de ville or town car.[1]
The first Cadillac "Coupe de Ville" was shown during the 1949 Motorama. It was built on a Cadillac Sixty Special chassis and featured a dummy air-scoop, chrome trim around front wheel openings, and a one-piece windshield and rear glass. The interior was black and trimmed in gray leather, including the headliner, to match the roof color. It was equipped with a telephone in the glove compartment, a vanity case and a secretarial pad in the rear armrest, power windows and highly decorative chrome interior trim. The prototype "Coupe de Ville" was used by GM President Charles E. Wilson until 1957 when he presented it to his secretary. At some time during this period it acquired a dark Vicodec roof. [2] The prototype "Coupe de Ville" was found and restored in the 2010s; it was in a private collection in London, Ontario, Canada as of 2017. [citation needed]
The Cadillac Series 62 Coupe de Ville was introduced late in the 1949 model year. Along with the Buick Roadmaster Riviera, and the Oldsmobile 98 Holiday, it was among the first pillarless hardtop coupes ever produced. At US$3,496 ($44,768 in 2023 dollars [3]) it was only a dollar less than the Series 62 convertible, and like the convertible, it came with power windows standard. It was luxuriously trimmed, with leather upholstery and chrome 'bows' in the headliner to simulate the ribs of a convertible top. In its first year the Series 62 Coupe de Ville only sold 2,150 units. But 1950 sales more than doubled to 4507, and in 1951 sales more than doubled again to 10,241 exceeding the sales for the Series 62 Club Coupe that year. Also, in 1951, Coupe de Ville chrome script appeared on the rear roof pillar for the first time, to further distinguish it from the Series 62 Club Coupe.[4][5]
In 1956 the Series 62 Coupe de Ville was joined by the Series 62 Sedan de Ville, Cadillac's first standard production 4-door hardtop. Similarly to the Coupe de Ville, it was also more expensive and more luxuriously trimmed than the standard 4-door Series 62. With 41,732 sold, it also easily outsold the Series 62 sedan in its very first year. Given their sales success, it was only natural that the Coupe de Ville and Sedan de Ville were moved to their own separate series in 1959, the Series 6300, being joined by a DeVille convertible in 1964.[4][5]
First generation (1959–1960)
edit| First generation | |
|---|---|
.jpg){kind=spacer} 1959 Cadillac Coupe de Ville | |
| Overview | |
| Model years | 1959–1960 |
| Assembly | Detroit Assembly, Detroit, Michigan, U.S. |
| Designer | Bill Mitchell |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 4-door 6-window hardtop 4-door 4-window hardtop 2-door hardtop |
| Layout | FR layout |
| Platform | C-body |
| Related | Cadillac Eldorado Cadillac Sixty Special Cadillac Series 62 Buick Electra Oldsmobile 98 |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 390 cu in (6.4 L) OHV V8 |
| Transmission | 4-speed Hydra-Matic automatic |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 130.0 in (3,302 mm)[5] |
| Length | 225.0 in (5,715 mm)[5] |
| Width | 1959: 80.2 in (2,037 mm)[5] 1960: 79.9 in (2,029 mm)[5] |
| Height | 56.2 in (1,427 mm) |
| Curb weight | 4,900–5,100 lb (2,200–2,300 kg) |
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The 1959 Cadillac is remembered for its huge sharp tailfins with dual bullet tail lights, two distinctive rooflines and roof pillar configurations, new jewel-like grille patterns and matching deck lid beauty panels.[6] In 1959 the Series 62 were moved from the Series 62 to their own series, the Series 6200. De Villes and 2-door Eldorados became the Series 6300 and Series 6400 respectively, though they all, including the 4-door Eldorado Brougham (which was moved from the Series 70 to Series 6900), shared the same 130 in (3,302 mm) wheelbase. Engine output was an even 325 hp (242 kW) from the 390 cu in (6.4 L) engine. The DeVille Series had script nameplates on the rear fenders. Standard equipment included power brakes with 15-inch wheels,[7] power steering, automatic transmission, back-up lamps, windshield wipers, two-speed wipers, wheel discs, outside rearview mirror, vanity mirror, oil filter, power windows and two-way power seats. Plain fender skirts covered the rear wheels and 4-doors were available in either four-window or six-window hardtop configurations. Over 53,000 DeVilles were sold in their first year as a separate series, accounting for roughly 37% of all Cadillacs sold.
The 1960 Cadillacs had smoother, more restrained styling. General changes included a full-width grille, the elimination of pointed front bumper guards, increased restraint in the application of chrome trim, lower tailfins with oval shaped nacelles and front fender mounted directional indicator lamps. De Villes were distinguished by special script nameplates on the rear fenders. Four-window and six-window hardtop sedans were offered again. The former featured a one-piece wraparound backlight and flat-top roof, while the latter had a sloping rear window and roofline. Standard equipment included power brakes, power steering, automatic transmission, dual back-up lamps, windshield wipers, two-speed wipers, wheel discs, outside rearview mirror, vanity mirror, oil filter, power windows and a two-way power seats. Technical highlights were finned rear drums and an X-frame construction. Interiors were done in Chadwick cloth or optional Cambray cloth and leather combinations.
Second generation (1961–1964)
edit| Second generation | |
|---|---|
 1961 Cadillac Sedan de Ville | |
| Overview | |
| Model years | 1961–1964 |
| Assembly | Detroit Assembly, Detroit, Michigan, U.S. |
| Designer | Bill Mitchell |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 4-door 6-window hardtop 4-door 4-window hardtop 4-door Town Sedan 6-Window hardtop 4-door Park Avenue 4-Window hardtop 2-door hardtop 2-door convertible |
| Layout | FR layout |
| Related | Cadillac Eldorado Cadillac Sixty Special Cadillac Series 62 Buick Electra Oldsmobile 98 |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 390 cu in (6.4 L) OHV V8 429 cu in (7.0 L) OHV V8 |
| Transmission | 4-speed Hydra-Matic automatic 3-speed TH-400, automatic |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 129.5 in (3,289 mm)[5] |
| Length | 1961–62 (except for Town Sedan or Park Avenue): 222.0 in (5,639 mm)[5] 1961 Town Sedan: 215.0 in (5,461 mm)[5] 1962–63 Park Avenue: 215.0 in (5,461 mm)[5] 1963 (except for Park Avenue): 223.0 in (5,664 mm)[5] 1964: 223.5 in (5,677 mm)[5] |
| Width | 1961: 79.8 in (2,027 mm)[5] 1962: 79.9 in (2,029 mm)[5] 1963: 79.7 in (2,024 mm)[5] 1964: 79.5 in (2,019 mm)[5] |
| Height | 1961–62: 56.3 in (1,430 mm) 1963–64: 56.6 in (1,438 mm) |
| Curb weight | 4,700–4,900 lb (2,100–2,200 kg) |
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Cadillac was restyled and re-engineered for 1961. The new grille slanted back towards both the bumper and the hood lip, along the horizontal plane, and sat between dual headlamps. New forward slanting front pillars with non-wraparound windshield glass were seen. The revised backlight treatment had crisp angular lines with thin pillars on some models and heavier semi-blind quarter roof posts on others. De Ville models featured front series designation scripts and lower body "skeg fins" trimmed with a thin, three-quarter-length spear molding running from behind the front wheel opening to the rear of the car. Standard equipment included power brakes, power steering, automatic transmission, dual backup lights, windshield washer, dual speed wipers, wheel discs, plain fender skirts, outside rearview mirror, vanity mirror, oil filter, power windows and 2-way power seats. Rubberized front and rear coil springs replaced the trouble prone air suspension system. Four-barrel induction systems were now the sole power choice and dual exhausts were no longer available. A new 7 in (18 cm) shorter rear-decked four-door Town Sedan hardtop appeared mid-season.
A mild facelift characterized Cadillac styling trends for 1962. A flatter grille with a thicker horizontal center bar and more delicate cross-hatched insert appeared. Ribbed chrome trim panel, seen ahead of the front wheel housings in 1961, were now replaced with cornering lamps and front fender model and series identification badges were eliminated. More massive front bumper end pieces appeared and housed rectangular parking lamps. At the rear tail lamps were now housed in vertical nacelles designed with an angled peak at the center. A vertically ribbed rear beauty panel appeared on the deck lid latch panel. Cadillac script also appeared on the lower left side of the radiator grille. The short-deck hardtop Town Sedan was moved from the De Ville series to the Series 6200, being replaced by a short-deck Park Avenue.[8] In addition all short deck Cadillac models went from being 6-window sedans in 1961 to 4-window sedans in 1962 and 1963. Standard equipment included all of the previous year's equipment plus remote controlled outside rearview mirror, five tubeless black wall tires, heater and defroster and front cornering lamps. Cadillac refined the ride and quietness, with more insulation in the floor and behind the firewall.[9] DeVille sales as a separate series exceeded their sales level as a trim level for the first time ever at 71,883 units, or nearly 45% of Cadillac's total sales.
Cadillac was restyled again for 1963. Exterior changes imparted a bolder and longer look. Hoods and deck lids were redesigned. The front fenders projected 4.625 inches (117.5 mm) further forward than in 1962 while the tailfins were trimmed down somewhat to provide a lower profile. Body-side sculpturing was eliminated. The slightly V-shaped radiator grille was taller and now incorporated outer extensions that swept below the flush-fender dual headlamps. Smaller circular front parking lamps were mounted in those extensions. A DeVille signature script was incorporated above the lower beltline molding near the rear of the body. A total of 143 options including bucket seats with wool, leather, or nylon upholstery fabrics and wood veneer facings on dash, doors, and seatbacks, set an all-time record for interior appointment choices. Standard equipment was the same as the previous year. The engine displacement and output remained the same, 390 cu in (6.4 L) and 325 hp (242 kW).[10]
A minor facelift followed in 1964. New up front was a bi-angular grille that formed a V-shape along both its vertical and horizontal planes. The main horizontal grille bar was now carried around the body sides. Outer grille extension panels again housed the parking and cornering lamps. It was the 17th consecutive year for the Cadillac tailfins with a new fine-blade design carrying on the tradition. Short-deck models were discontinued. Performance improvements including a larger V-8 were the dominant changes for the model run. Equipment features were same as in 1963 for the most part. Comfort Control, a completely automatic heating and air conditioning system controlled by a dial thermostat on the instrument panel, was introduced as an industry first. The engine was bumped to 429 cu in (7 L), with 340 hp (253.5 kW) available. Performance gains from the new engine showed best in the lower range, at 20 to 50 mph traffic driving speeds. A new technical feature was the Turbo-Hydramatic transmission, also used in the Eldorado and the Sixty Special. A De Ville script above the lower belt molding was continued as an identifier. This was the first year for the De Ville convertible. De Ville sales reached 110,379 units, accounting for nearly two thirds of all Cadillacs sold.[citation needed]
Third generation (1965–1970)
edit| Third generation | |
|---|---|
 1965 Cadillac Sedan de Ville | |
| Overview | |
| Model years | 1965–1970 |
| Assembly | Detroit Assembly, Detroit, Michigan, U.S. |
| Designer | Bill Mitchell |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 4-door hardtop 4-door sedan 2-door hardtop 2-door convertible |
| Layout | FR layout |
| Platform | C-body |
| Related | Cadillac Eldorado Cadillac Calais Buick Electra Oldsmobile 98 |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 429 cu in (7.0 L) OHV V8 472 cu in (7.7 L) OHV V8 |
| Transmission | 3-speed TH-400, automatic |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 129.5 in (3,289 mm)[5][11] |
| Length | 1965–67: 224.0 in (5,690 mm) 1968: 224.7 in (5,707 mm)[5] 1969–70: 225.0 in (5,715 mm)[5] |
| Width | 1965–68: 79.9 in (2,029 mm) 1969–70: 79.8 in (2,027 mm) |
| Height | 1965–68: 55.6 in (1,412 mm) 1969–70: 56.2 in (1,427 mm) |
| Curb weight | 4,600–4,900 lb (2,100–2,200 kg) |
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As it had been since De Ville became a separate series, De Ville denoted Cadillac's mainstream model, falling between the Calais (which had replaced the Series 62) and the Sixty Special and Eldorado. The De Ville was redesigned for 1965 but rode on the same 129.5-inch (3,290 mm) wheelbase. Tailfins were canted slightly downward, and sharp, distinct body lines replaced the rounded look. Also new were a straight rear bumper and vertical lamp clusters. The headlight pairs switched from horizontal to vertical, thus permitting a wider grille. Curved frameless side windows appeared, and convertibles acquired tempered glass backlights. New standard features included lamps for luggage, glove and rear passenger compartments and front and rear safety belts. Power was still supplied by the 340 horsepower 429 cu in (7,030 cc) V8, which would be replaced by the 472 cu in (7,730 cc) for 1968. Cadillac dropped the X-frame and used a new perimeter frame.[12] Pillared sedans appeared on the De Ville series for the first time, while six-window hardtop sedans were dropped. A padded vinyl roof was a $121 extra-cost option on the hardtop model. All four DeVille models had small "Tiffany-like" script nameplates on the ends of their rear fenders just above the chrome side molding.
In 1966, changes included a somewhat coarser mesh for the radiator grille insert, which was now divided by a thick, bright metal horizontal center bar housing rectangular parking lamps at the outer ends. Separate rectangular cornering lamps replaced the integral grille extension designs. There was generally less chrome on all Cadillac models this year. De Ville scripts were still above the rear tip of the horizontal body rub moldings. Cadillac crests and V-shaped moldings, front and rear, were identifiers. Cadillac "firsts" this season included variable ratio steering and optional front seats with carbon cloth heating pads built into the cushions and seatbacks. Comfort and convenience innovations were headrests, reclining seats and an AM/FM stereo system. Automatic level control was available. Engineering improvements made to the perimeter frame increased ride and handling ease. Newly designed piston and oil rings and a new engine mounting system and patented quiet exhaust were used.
The 1967 De Villes were extensively restyled. Prominent styling features were given a powerful frontal appearance with forward-leaning front end, long, sculptured body lines, and redefined rear fenders that had more than just a hint of tail fins in them. The full-width, forward-thrusted "eggcrate" grille was flanked by dual stacked headlights for the third consecutive year. The squarer cornered grille insert had blades that seemed to emphasize its vertical members and it appeared both above the bumper and through a horizontal slot cut into it. Rectangular parking lamps were built into the outer edges of the grille. Rear end styling revisions were highlighted by metal divided tail lamps and a painted lower bumper section. Coupe de Villes got a new roofline, inspired by the Florentine show car created for the 1964 New York World's Fair, that gave rear seat passengers added privacy. As on that show car, the quarter window glass retracted rearward into a sail panel. Minor trim variations and slightly richer interiors separated De Ville from Calais. Tiffany style chrome signature scripts were again found above the body side molding on the rear fenders. New standard DeVille features included non-glare rear-view mirror, electric clock, Automatic Climate Controls, padded dashboard, Hazard Warning system, outboard seatbelt retractors and rear cigarette lighters in all styles. A slide-out fuse box and safety front seat back lock for two-door models were additional Cadillac advances for the 1967 model year. Technical improvements included a revised engine valve train, different carburetor, Mylar printed circuit instrument panel, re-tuned body mounts, and a new engine fan with clutch for quieter operation. A GM-designed Energy Absorbing steering column and safety wheel became standard for all models.
In 1968, grilles had an insert with finer mesh and step down outer section which held the rectangular parking lights just a little higher than before. Rear end styling was modestly altered with the deck lid having more of a rake. The most obvious change was an 8.5-inch (220 mm) longer hood designed to accommodate recessed windshield wiper-washers, which now came with three speeds standard. Of 20 exterior paint color combinations, 14 were totally new. On the inside enriched appointments included molded inner door panels with illuminated reflectors and a selection of 147 upholstery combinations, 76 in cloth, 67 in leather and four in vinyl. New standard features included a Light Group, a Mirror Group, a trip odometer and an ignition key warning buzzer. The DeVille also gained a new 472 cu in (7,730 cc) V8 engine rated at 375 hp (SAE gross). 1968 was also the last year for the "stacked" dual headlights, which were replaced with side-by-side dual headlights in 1969. This was also the last year for vent windows. Side marker lights in the rear bumper as well as front fender were also added. Side mirror changed from a round to rectangular shape. Also of note front disc brakes were available starting in 1968. Cars built after January 1, 1968, got front shoulder belts per Federal safety standards.
In 1969, DeVille was restyled in the Eldorado image. An Eldorado-like front fender treatment evolved and helped to emphasize a stronger horizontal design line. Rear quarters were extended to give the car a longer look. There was an all new grille with dual horizontal headlamps positioned in the outboard step down areas of the grille. The hood was again extended, a total of 2.5 inches (64 mm) to add the impression of extra length. The roofline was squarer and the rear deck and bumper more sculptured. A new ventilation system eliminated the need for vent windows, which provided a longer sleeker look and improved visibility. New standard features included front and rear (except on convertibles) center seat armrests. The ignition switch was moved from the instrument panel to the steering column, and included a steering wheel and transmission lock, one year ahead of a mandated Federal standard.
In 1970, a facelift included a grille with 13 vertical blades set against a delicately cross-hatched rectangular opening. The bright metal headlamp surrounds were bordered with body color to give it a more refined look. Narrow vertical "vee" tail lights were seen again, but now had additional smaller V-shaped bottom lenses pointing downward below the bumper. Wheel discs and winged crest fender tip emblems were new. Exterior distinctions came from a De Ville script above the rear end of the belt molding and from the use of long rectangular back up light lenses set into the lower bumper as opposed to the smaller square lens used on the Calais. A new feature was a body color border around the edge of the vinyl top covering, when this option was ordered. The 1970 model year was both the last year that De Ville offered a convertible body style and for pillared sedans until hardtops were permanently dropped in 1977. A total of 181,719 De Villes were sold for that model year, accounting for 76% of all Cadillacs.[citation needed]
Fourth generation (1971–1976)
edit| Fourth generation | |
|---|---|
 1973 Cadillac Sedan de Ville | |
| Overview | |
| Model years | 1971–1976 |
| Assembly | Detroit Assembly, Detroit, Michigan, U.S. Linden Assembly, Linden, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Designer | Bill Mitchell |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 4-door hardtop[13] 2-door hardtop 2-door coupe |
| Layout | FR layout |
| Platform | C-body |
| Related | Cadillac Calais Buick Electra Oldsmobile 98 Buick Estate Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser Pontiac Grand Safari Pontiac Safari Chevrolet Kingswood Chevrolet Townsman |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 472 cu in (7.7 L) OHV V8 500 cu in (8.2 L) OHV V8 |
| Transmission | 3-speed TH-400 automatic |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 130.0 in (3,302 mm) |
| Length | 1971: 225.8 in (5,735 mm) 1972: 227.4 in (5,776 mm) 1973: 227.8 in (5,786 mm) 1974–76: 230.7 in (5,860 mm) |
| Width | 79.8 in (2,027 mm) |
| Height | 1971–73: 54.5 in (1,384 mm) 1974: 54.6 in (1,387 mm) 1975–76: 54.3 in (1,379 mm) |
| Curb weight | 4,900–5,400 lb (2,200–2,400 kg) |
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As with all GM full-size lines, the De Ville was completely redesigned for 1971. The new GM full-size bodies, at 64.3 inches (1,630 mm) front shoulder room (62.1 inches [1,580 mm] on Cadillac) and 63.4 inches (1,610 mm) rear shoulder room (64.0 inches [1,630 mm] on Cadillac) set a record for interior width that would not be matched by any car until the full-size GM rear-wheel-drive models of the early to mid-1990s.
Pairs of individually housed squared-off headlamps were set wider apart. The V-shaped grille had an eggcrate style insert and was protected by massive vertical guards framing a rectangular license plate indentation. A wide hood with full-length windsplints, a prominent center crease and hidden windshield wipers was seen. A Cadillac crest decorated the nose and new indicator lamps appeared atop each front fender. Horizontal beltline molding ran from behind the front wheel housing, almost to the rear, stopping where an elliptical bulge in the body came to a point and where thin rectangular side markers were placed above and below the chrome strip. The rear wheel openings were again housed in fender skirts. Tail lamps were of the same type as before but were no longer divided by a chrome bar. Long horizontal back-up lamps were set in the bumper, on either side of a deeply recessed license plate housing. DeVilles were set apart visually by thin bright metal rocker panel steps and signature script on the front fenders bearing the series name. The bottoms of the rear fenders were decorated with a bright metal beauty panel that was wider than the rocker panel strips and blended into the molding running along the bottom of the fender skirt.
The standard engine remained the 472, however, in line with GMs edict for all engines to run on unleaded fuel, the compression ratio was lowered from 10:1 to 8.5:1, reducing the SAE gross horsepower from 375 to 345. Torque dropped from 525 lb⋅ft (712 N⋅m) to 500 lb⋅ft (680 N⋅m).[14] Interiors were redesigned, featuring a new curved instrument panel and new seating configurations. A rear "lamp monitor", a fiber-optic system which monitored the taillamps, turn signals and brake lights, was new and positioned on the shelf behind the rear seat.
In November 1971, a showroom-stock 1971 Coupe de Ville placed third in the annual coast-to-coast Cannonball Run, posting the highest average speed of the event, 84.6 mph (136.2 km/h) (excluding stops) and averaging 8.9 mpg‑US (26 L/100 km; 10.7 mpg‑imp).
In 1972, a modest frontal revision placed more emphasis on horizontal grille blades. The parking lamps were moved from the bumper to between the square bezeled headlamps, which were now set wider apart. V-shaped emblems made a return on hood and deck lid. New standard features included a bumper impact system, automatic parking brake release, passenger assist straps and flow through ventilation system. New De Ville signature script was affixed to the sides of the rear roof panels. Sales reached a record 194,811.
New energy absorbing bumpers were seen on all GM cars in 1973 and it brought styling refinements to De Ville. Grilles were widened and had an intricate eggcrate design. Larger vertical rectangles housed the parking lamps between wide spaced headlamps which had square bezels but round lenses. Bumpers ran fully across the front and wrapped around each end. Vertical guards were spaced much further apart at a point outboard of the grille. The rear end had a bumper with a flatter upper section housing an angled license plate recess. Border outline moldings vertically "veed" paralleled the fender edge shape at the rear bodysides. Single horizontally mounted rectangular rear side marker lamps were placed over and under the rear tip of the thin beltline trim. Cadillac script was seen on the front fender sides below the belt molding behind the wheel opening. Inside, "soft-pillow" door panels with larger, sturdier pull-straps were new. The rear "lamp monitor" was repositioned from the rear seat shelf to the headliner just above the rear window. An Illuminated vanity mirror was an available option. This was the final year for hardtop Coupe de Villes. Sales set a new record at 216,243.[citation needed]
In 1974, a wide eggcrate grille was used. Dual round headlamps were mounted close together in square bezels. Further outboard were double deck wraparound parking lamps. Shorter vertical grille guards appeared in about the same position as before. Rear fendersides were flatter without the elliptical bulge. The thin beltline molding was positioned lower by several inches. The rear end had vertical bumper ends with integrated side marker lights. New taillamps were positioned horizontally beneath the trunk lid. Both bumpers, especially the rear, protruded further from the body. Unlike the other "C" body GM coupes, the Coupe de Ville was no a longer true hardtop, instead sporting large wide "coach" windows giving a thick center pillar look. They retained their frameless door glass, however. The Sedan de Ville continued as a true hardtop however, and would remain so until the 1977 model. A new curved, two-tiered instrument panel housed a new quartz controlled digital clock. New standard features included an integral litter container. A Space Saver spare tire was standard when DeVilles were ordered with optional white sidewall steel belted radial tires.
1974 also saw the introduction of the optional "Air Cushion Restraint System". One of the first production examples of what are now more commonly called airbags, this option provided protection for front seat occupants in the case of a frontal collision. One bag was located in the steering wheel, the other in the dashboard in front of the front seat passenger. The glove box was replaced with a lockable storage compartment under the dashboard. The option was expensive and therefore unpopular with customers and was discontinued after the 1976 model year. Cadillac would not offer airbags again until the 1990 model year.
A new option package was a fully padded Cabriolet roof treatment. It incorporated a landau-style top with bright metal forward divider strip. Another new option package was the d'Elegance package. Similar to the Sixty Special Brougham's package of the same name, it featured velour upholstery, Deluxe padded doors, front seatback storage pockets, deep pile carpeting, floor mats, see-through standup hood ornament and vinyl tape accent stripes. The "d'Elegance" name remained with the De Ville series as a package through 1984. For 1997, it became a separate model designation for the sedan.
Styling changes for 1975 brought dual rectangular headlamps flanked by rectangular cornering lights wrapped around squared-off front fenders. A new cross hatched grille also appeared, with Cadillac script on the header. Sedans now featured thin opera windows set within the D-pillars. New standard equipment included front fender lamp monitors, power door locks, high energy ignition, steel-belted radial whitewall tires. The 210 hp 500 V8 used exclusively in the Eldorado since 1970, replaced the 472 as the standard engine. Electronic fuel injection became optional in March 1975. Another option was the Astroroof with sliding sunshade that permitted use as an electrically operated sunroof or a transparent closed skylight. An ordinary painted sunroof panel was also available. Inside, new hinged door pull handles replaced the former door pull straps.
In 1976, the grille saw a new and finer crosshatching pattern. Cornering lamps received new horizontal silver trim; taillamp bezels also gained new silver trim. Eight different color accent stripes were available. Vinyl tops were now integral padded Elk grain material. New trims included sporty plaids, plush velours, knits and 11 distinctive genuine leathers. Coupe de Villes had a new vinyl roof whose top molding served as a continuation of the door "belt" molding. A Controlled (limited-slip) Differential continued as an option for extra traction. An optional illuminated entry and theft deterrence system was optional. The new Delco Freedom battery, never needed water added.[15] New turbine-vaned and wire wheel covers were offered. A new option locked the doors when the transmission lever was shifted to "Drive". Cadillac also offered Track Master, a computerized skid prevention system that automatically pumped the back brakes in an emergency to shorten stopping distance. New options included a push-button Weather Band built into the AM/FM stereo signal-seeking radio, loose pillow style seats for d'Elegance packages, plus power passenger and manual driver seatback recliners for 50/50 front seats. Of the 15 standard and six optional Firemist body colors, 13 were new this year. New standard features included Soft-Ray tinted glass, spare tire cover, trunk mat, washer fluid level indicator, and steel belted radial whitewall tires.
During 1975-76, a small number of Coupe de Villes were converted into a coupe utility, similar to a Chevrolet El Camino, but much more upscale. Coachbuilding company Traditional Coach Works manufactured 204 of these, called the Cadillac Mirage, to Cadillac's standards, such that one could be ordered through a participating Cadillac dealer.[16] The floor bed could carry flat plywood 4-foot × 8-foot sheets with the tailgate closed, while the two-seat front cabin offered driver and passenger a plush ride. A storage area behind the seats was used for golf-clubs or small articles of value, out of view. A metal cover with a lock on it was available for the rear bed, just as a trunk would also have.[17][18][19]
Fifth generation (1977–1984)
edit| Fifth generation | |
|---|---|
.jpg) 1977 Cadillac Coupe de Ville | |
| Overview | |
| Production | 1977–1984 |
| Assembly |
|
| Designer | Bill Mitchell |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 4-door sedan 2-door coupe |
| Layout | FR layout |
| Platform | C-body |
| Related | Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham Buick Electra Oldsmobile 98 |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission | 3-speed TH-400 automatic 3-speed TH-350C automatic 4-speed TH-200-4R automatic |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 1977–79: 121.5 in (3,086 mm) 1980–82: 121.4 in (3,084 mm) 1983–84: 121.5 in (3,086 mm) |
| Length | 1977–79: 221.2 in (5,618 mm) 1980–84: 221.0 in (5,613 mm) |
| Width | 76.4 in (1,941 mm) |
| Height | 1977: 57.2 in (1,453 mm) 1978–84 4-door: 56.7 in (1,440 mm) 2-door: 54.6 in (1,387 mm) |
| Curb weight | 4,000–4,400 lb (1,800–2,000 kg) |
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1977 was Cadillac's 75th anniversary, and saw the introduction of the downsized DeVille coupes and sedans. These new cars featured a higher roofline, resulting in a vehicle that was over 9 inches (230 mm) shorter, 4 inches (100 mm) narrower, and 1/2 ton lighter than the previous year, but with a larger trunk and more headroom and legroom. These were also the first DeVilles ever to be marketed without fender skirts over the rear wheels. The old door pull straps returned for 1977-80. The 500 in3 V8 (which produced 190 horsepower) was replaced for 1977 by a 180-horsepower 425 in3 V8 variant of similar design. The reduction in size and weight was implemented to improve fuel economy and emissions as a result of the United States Federal Government passage of Corporate Average Fuel Economy regulations.
For 1977, the lineup included the two-door Coupe de Ville for US$9,654 ($48,540 in 2023 dollars [3]) and four-door Sedan de Ville for US$9,864 ($49,596 in 2023 dollars [3]). The $650 d'Elegance package, an interior dress-up option carried over from the previous generation of De Villes, continued for both models. 3-sided, wrap-around tail lamps were a 1977 feature only. Coupe de Ville's popular "Cabriolet" option, priced at $348, included a rear-half padded vinyl roof covering and opera lamps. An optional electronic fuel-injected version of the standard 7.0-liter powerplant, adding 15 horsepower (11 kW), was available for an additional $647. Sales figures were 138,750 Coupe de Villes and 95,421 Sedan de Villes for an all-time sales record of 234,171 De Villes sold.
In addition to a redesigned grille and hood ornament, 1978 saw slim, vertical tail lamps inset into chrome bumper end caps with built-in side marker lamps (Cadillac would retain this "vertical tail lamp inset" design feature on the De Ville through 1984, and again from 1989 through 1999). New for 1978, a "Phaeton" package was optional for De Ville. Available on both coupe and sedan, the $1,929 Phaeton package featured a simulated convertible-top, special pin striping, wire wheel discs, and "Phaeton" script in place of the usual "Coupe de Ville" or "Sedan de Ville" script on the rear fenders. Inside were leather upholstered seats and a leather-wrapped steering wheel matching the exterior color. The package was available in "Cotillion White" (with Dark Blue roof), "Platinum Silver" (with a Black roof), or "Arizona Beige" (with a Dark Brown roof). Coupe de Ville's popular Cabriolet roof package was priced at $369, while the d'Elegance package (for coupe or sedan) was available at $689. Electronic fuel injection, which added 15 horsepower (11 kW), was available at $744. Electronic level control - which used suspension-mounted sensors and air filled rear shocks - kept the car's height level regardless of passengers and cargo weight, was available for $140. Sales dropped slightly from 1977 to 117,750 for the $10,444 Coupe de Ville, and 88,951 for Sedan de Ville, priced at $10,668 ($53,639 in 2023 dollars [3]).
With bigger changes coming for 1980, the 1979 models received few alterations, which included a new grille design with "Cadillac" script on the header above the grille and a new, lightweight aluminum hood. The "Phaeton" package, now priced at $2,029, was still available in three colors, but with two new replacement colors: "Western Saddle Firemist" (with leather interior in "Antique Saddle") replacing the "Arizona Beige", and "Slate Firemist" (with leather interior in "Antique Gray") replacing "Platinum Silver". The d'Elegance package was back, at $725, which included Venetian velour upholstery (in four colors) with a 50/50 split front seat, overhead assist handles, Tangier carpeting, door pull handles, and "d'Elegance" emblems among other niceties. In addition to the $783 "fuel-injection" option, there was also the choice of a 350 in3 LF9 diesel V8 (built by Oldsmobile) for $849. Coupe de Ville's cabriolet package, priced at $384, was available in 17 colors. Production rose slightly to 121,890 for Coupe de Ville ($11,728), and 93,211 for Sedan de Ville ($12,093).
1980 saw the discontinuation of the 7 liter V8, which had generated power of 145 kW (194 hp) and 0-60 mph in 10.9 seconds, with a top speed of 187 km/h (116 mph) [20] with a new Malaise era 368 CID (6.0 L) V8., generating power of 112 kW (150 hp) and 0-60 mph in 13.6 seconds, with a top speed of 171 km/h (106 mph).[21]
Late in the 1980 model year, V6 power (in the form of a 4-bbl 252 CID engine manufactured by Buick) was offered as a credit option. Cadillac had not offered an engine with fewer than 8 cylinders since 1914 with the Cadillac Model 30.
The entire auto industry suffered miserable sales during the 1980 model year; despite new sheetmetal and a multitude of other improvements and refinements, sales of the Coupe de Ville fell to 55,490 (less than half of the 1979 figures) cars, while the Sedan de Ville was down by nearly half with 49,188 cars sold.
The 1980 Cadillac Coupe and Sedan de Ville received a major facelift, with a more aerodynamic nose, nearly vertical rear window, new trunk lid and higher, straighter rear fenders capped by wider chrome taillamp bezels. The cars took on a more upright, formal silhouette and appeared heavier and somewhat longer, though in actuality they were slightly shorter than the 1977-79 models. The Phaeton option was discontinued, but the $1,005 d'Elegance package remained. The Coupe de Ville now wore full, bright side window surround moldings, whereas the sedan had body-color door frames with a thin chrome bead around the window opening (as used in 1977 - 1979). The chromed-plastic grille held a very diplomatic, Rolls-Royce inspired design, with thick vertical bars, featuring the 'Cadillac' script on the driver's side grille header. The 1980 grille cast was used again for the 1989 to 1992 Cadillac Brougham. Unlike the pre-1980 models, the rear window glass for both coupe and sedan models was now the same, as the coupes did away with the sporty slanted rear window and adopted the formal near vertical look shared with the sedans. Pricing for DeVille was $12,899 for the coupe; $13,282 for the sedan. Oldsmobile's 5.7-liter diesel V8 was still an available option at $924, as was the popular Cabriolet roof option for Coupe de Ville at $350.
1981's biggest news was the introduction of Cadillac's modulated-displacement 368 in3 V8-6-4 engine. Developed by the Eaton Corporation - with design elements that had been tested for over 500,000 miles (800,000 km) - allowed various engine computers to decide how many cylinders were needed to power the car for optimal fuel economy. The theory was 8 cylinders from a complete stop, 6 cylinders during usual driving, and just four cylinders at cruising speed. The changes in cylinder operation were slight, and most drivers did not detect any difference in operation. However, in some cases, reliability and component failure led to customer complaints. Cadillac defended its micro-processor controlled powerplant, and even offered special extended warranties to customers. Hemmings Motor News has described the operation of this engine in practice - "Disaster doesn't quite cover the scope of what happened."[22]
Also available was Oldsmobile's 5.7-liter V-8 diesel engine. The 125 horsepower (93 kW) Buick V6, teamed with an automatic transmission, returned for 1981 after a short initial offering in the spring of 1980. Coupe de Ville was priced at $13,450, while Sedan de Ville, priced at $13,847, now had the unique option of an available automatic seat belt system - the first offered on a GM vehicle. With the automatic shoulder/lap belt system (only for the outboard front seat passengers), the shoulder point was moved from the upper B-pillar to the upper door glass frame, and the belt reel was moved from the floor onto the door itself, installed in the lower corner. With this, you could theoretically leave the seat belt latched at all times, and simply get in and out of the vehicle without having to unfasten the belt. The $150 option (which would re-appear as standard equipment on the 1990 - 1992 Brougham), was available only on V6-powered Sedan de Villes. The V6 option itself was a $165 credit over the standard V8 in De Ville. A new grille design was made up of small squares, similar to the pattern from 1979, while the same chromed grille surround from 1980 continued. The egg-crate 1981 grille cast was used again for the 1987 and 1988 Cadillac Brougham models. A new Electronic Climate Control panel did away with the slide lever and thumb wheel in favor of a digital display which allowed the driver to set the interior temperature to a single degree - from 65 to 85 (or "max" settings at 60 and 90 degrees). Option groups included the $1,005 d'Elegance package (available on both models), and the Cabriolet package (for Coupe de Ville) at $363. Sales were up slightly from 1980: 89,991 sedans versus 62,724 coupes (figures include DeVille and Fleetwood models).
Exterior changes for 1982 were minimal, including a new thin vertical bar grille design (which was used through 1986) with the same grille surround from the past two years, and a new standard wheel cover design. Cadillac introduced a new aluminum-block 249-cubic-inch 4.1-liter HT series V8 engine to replace the V8-6-4, which was now available only in the Fleetwood limousine through 1984. This new power plant featured a closed-loop digital fuel injection system, free-standing cast-iron cylinders within a cast-aluminum block, and was coupled with a 4-speed automatic-overdrive transmission. Other engine options included the Buick V6 or Oldsmobile's diesel V8. Inside, the Electronic Climate Control had an updated fascia that now included an "Outside Temperature" button. Previously, the outside temperature was available through an illuminated thermometer mounted to the driver's outside mirror. With the new front-drive compact Cadillac Cimarron taking over as Cadillac's entry-level model, the $15,249 Coupe de Ville was now a step-up. Sedan de Ville was priced at $15,699. Sales totals for 1982 included 50,130 coupes and 86,020 sedans (figures include combined De Ville and Fleetwood models).
For 1983, slight reworkings under the hood added 10 horsepower (now rated at 135) to the standard 4.1-liter powerplant. Meanwhile, the Buick V6 credit-option was dropped. There were a few minor exterior changes for 1983. While the grille design was a carry-over from the previous year (and would be through 1986), the Cadillac script moved from the chrome header onto near the bottom of the grille itself. The wide parking lamps below the quad headlamps now had clear frosted lenses (previous years they were amber), with satin gold-colored winged Cadillac emblems centered on each lens. A very minor change in the rear was the deletion of the chrome tips on both sides of the lower deck lid trim. These little chrome corner pieces, mounted on the filler panels, were prone to pitting as they were made of a different material than the bright aluminum trunk trim and upper license late surround. Coupe de Ville's popular Cabriolet roof package added $415 to its $15,970 sticker price. While both models, including the $16,441 Sedan de Ville, could be ordered with the $1,150 d'Elegance package. Sales figures looked healthy, with a total of 109,004 De Ville and Fleetwood models).
Because of a delay in production of the new downsized front-drive De Villes, their debut was pushed back from 1984 to 1985. As a result, the 1984 De Villes were essentially a rerun of the 1983 models. 1984 would also be the last time De Ville used the "V" emblem below the Cadillac crest, as all Cadillac models (except Cimarron) from 1985 on, would use the wreath & crest emblem - formerly, a Fleetwood exclusive. Minor changes included new body-color side moldings and a revised exhaust system with a revamped catalytic converter. The diesel V8 was now available at no additional charge. While the optional d'Elegance package remained at $1,150, the Cabriolet option for Coupe de Ville went up to $420. For 1984, sales figures show a total four-door production of 107,920 units, and an additional 50,840 two-door units (figures include de Ville and Fleetwood models). The new front-drive 1985 Coupe de Ville and Sedan de Ville arrived in Cadillac showrooms during the spring of 1984, about six months earlier than most new-car introductions, so both the 1984 rear-drive and totally redesigned 1985 front-drive models were being produced (at separate assembly plants) and sold simultaneously for nearly half a year.
Size comparison between 1974 and 1977 Cadillac Sedan de Ville
| 1974 Cadillac Sedan de Ville | 1977 Cadillac Sedan de Ville | |
|---|---|---|
| Wheelbase | 130.0 in (3,302 mm) | 121.5 in (3,086 mm) |
| Overall Length | 230.7 in (5,860 mm) | 221.2 in (5,618 mm) |
| Width | 79.8 in (2,027 mm) | 76.4 in (1,941 mm) |
| Height | 54.3 in (1,379 mm) | 57.2 in (1,453 mm) |
| Front Headroom | 39.2 in (996 mm) | 39.0 in (991 mm) |
| Front Legroom | 41.9 in (1,064 mm) | 42.0 in (1,067 mm) |
| Front Hip Room | 57.8 in (1,468 mm) | 55.0 in (1,397 mm) |
| Front Shoulder Room | 62.1 in (1,577 mm) | 59.4 in (1,509 mm) |
| Rear Headroom | 38.2 in (970 mm) | 38.1 in (968 mm) |
| Rear Legroom–ins. | 40.1 in (1,019 mm) | 41.2 in (1,046 mm) |
| Rear Hip Room | 58.0 in (1,473 mm) | 55.7 in (1,415 mm) |
| Rear Shoulder Room | 64.0 in (1,626 mm) | 59.4 in (1,509 mm) |
| Luggage Capacity | 15.9 cu ft (450 L) | 19.5 cu ft (552 L) |
Production Figures: (The source considers the Fleetwood Brougham as an option package for the DeVille, not a separate model)
| Coupe de Ville | Sedan de Ville | Yearly Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1977 | 138,750 | 123,421 | 262,171 |
| 1978 | 117,750 | 125,751 | 243,501 |
| 1979 | 121,890 | 135,411 | 257,301 |
| 1980 | 57,790 | 78,847 | 136,637 |
| 1981 | 62,724 | 86,991 | 149,715 |
| 1982 | 50,130 | 86,020 | 136,150 |
| 1983 | 65,670 | 109,004 | 174,674 |
| 1984 | 50,840 | 107,920 | 158,760 |
| Total | 665,544 | 853,365 | 1,518,909 |
Engines:
| Years | Displacement | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1981–1982 | 252 cu in (4.1 L) Buick V6 | 125 hp (93 kW) | 205 lb⋅ft (278 N⋅m) |
| 1982–1984 | 250 cu in (4.1 L) HT-4100 V8 | 135 hp (101 kW) | 190 lb⋅ft (260 N⋅m) |
| 1980–1984 | 350 cu in (5.7 L) LF9 Diesel V8 | 105 hp (78 kW) | 205 lb⋅ft (278 N⋅m) |
| 1980–1981 | 368 cu in (6.0 L) L62 V8-6-4 V8 | 145 hp (108 kW) | 270 lb⋅ft (370 N⋅m) |
| 1977–1979 | 425 cu in (7.0 L) L33 V8 | 180 hp (130 kW) | 320 lb⋅ft (430 N⋅m) |
| 1977–1979 | 425 cu in (7.0 L) L35 V8 | 195 hp (145 kW) | 320 lb⋅ft (430 N⋅m) |
Sixth generation (1985–1993)
edit| Sixth generation | |
|---|---|
 1988 Cadillac Coupe de Ville | |
| Overview | |
| Model years | 1985–1993 |
| Assembly | Orion Assembly, Lake Orion, Michigan, U.S. |
| Designer | Irv Rybicki |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 4-door sedan 2-door coupe |
| Layout | Transverse front-engine, front-wheel drive |
| Platform | C-body |
| Related | Cadillac Sixty Special Cadillac Fleetwood Buick Electra Buick Park Avenue Oldsmobile 98 Cadillac Series 75 |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission | 4-speed TH-440-T4 automatic 4-speed 4T60 automatic 4-speed 4T60E automatic |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 1985–88: 110.8 in (2,810 mm) 1989–93 2-doors: 110.8 in (2,810 mm) 1989–93 4-doors:113.8 in (2,890 mm) |
| Length | 1985–86: 195.0 in (4,950 mm) 1987–88: 196.5 in (4,990 mm) 1989 2-door: 202.3 in (5,140 mm) 1989 4-door: 205.3 in (5,210 mm) 1990 2-door: 202.7 in (5,150 mm) 1991–93 2-door: 202.6 in (5,150 mm) 1990–93 4-door: 205.6 in (5,220 mm) |
| Width | 1985–88: 71.7 in (1,820 mm) 1989: 72.5 in (1,840 mm) 1990: 71.7 in (1,820 mm) 1991–93: 73.4 in (1,860 mm) |
| Height | 1985–89: 55.0 in (1,400 mm) 1990–93 2-door: 54.9 in (1,390 mm) 1990–93 4-door: 55.2 in (1,400 mm) |
| Curb weight | 3,500–3,900 lb (1,600–1,800 kg) |
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The sixth-generation Deville marked a sea change for General Motors and Cadillac. Under the direction of Irv Rybicki, GM completely redesigned the DeVille, downsizing the model yet again, foregoing its rear drive configuration, and introducing a new front-drive platform, the C platform (C-Body) — using the first transversely-mounted V8 engine in series production.
The new C-Body models (along with their Oldsmobile and Buick counterparts) were significantly shorter, narrower, lighter and more fuel-efficient than the platform they replaced and were noted for having nearly the same key interior dimensions as their predecessors and a much more nearly flat passenger compartment floor[24] — albeit with thinner seats and dramatically less upper tumblehome, locating windshield as well as side glass closer to passengers.[24]
Production of the new C-body commenced December 1983 at the Orion Assembly Plant in Orion Township, Michigan; the redesigned models were introduced on April 5, 1984;[25] and marketing began in early 1984 for the 1985 model year — with the front cover of the 1985 Deville brochure calling the sixth generation, the "Cadillac of Tomorrow".
Cadillac's HT-4100 V8 remained the standard engine, mounted transversely and coupled with a 440-T4 automatic. Oldsmobile's 4.3L V6 diesel was optional for 1985, but was dropped the following year. Of GM's front-drive C-Body models, Cadillac was the only line to offer a V8 engine; the others were equipped with a Buick-derived 3.0 or 3.8 V6 engine, or for 1985 only, Oldsmobile's 4.3L V6 diesel engine. Later Deville model years would use larger variants of the Cadillac HT V8. All C-bodies used four-wheel independent suspension.
The sixth-generation DeVille was available as a sedan or coupe. At introduction, in part due to an extended model year (beginning in April 1984), sales of the new downsized 1985 DeVille and Fleetwood models reached nearly 200,000 units. After the sixth generation's initial development and launch, GM reconsidered the marketplace and provided an extensive 1989 facelift that added considerable length — and associated weight.
Model year changes:
1986: An anti-lock braking system, developed by Teves, became available. A 2-position automatic rear-view mirror utilized two electronic 'eyes' and a small motor to dim when headlights appeared from behind. A factory-installed cellular telephone joined the option list at an astonishing $2,850. The standard space-saver spare tire now sat horizontally in the trunk, doing away with the small covered storage cubby in the spare tire well from last year. The optional aluminum wheels had new flush-fitting center caps (last year's design featured exposed capped lugs), and bumper rub strips were changed from black to gray. Borrowed from the front-wheel-drive Fleetwood line, the narrow lower body side molding from the 1985 DeVille was replaced with a considerably wider one (which extended to the rear fenders only on the Fleetwood), and the trim surround from the rear window gave the formal appearance of a smaller window opening. Inside, a more tailored look was applied to the seat trim. Coupe de Ville's popular cabriolet option, featuring a padded vinyl covering over the rear half of the roof, was priced at $698. Pricing for the Coupe de Ville was $19,669, with Sedan de Ville at $19,990. The transverse-mounted Cadillac 4.1-liter V-8 continued from the previous year, but with 5 more horsepower.
The 1986 Cadillac used a 90-degree overhead valve V-8 engine with an aluminum block and cast iron heads displacing 249 cu in (4.1 liters) with a bore & stroke: 3.47 x 3.31 in, compression ratio: 8.5:1 making 135 hp (101 kW) at 4,200 rpm and: 200 lbf·ft (270 N·m) of torgue at 2,200 rpm. The engine had five main bearings, and used hydraulic valve lifters.
Also introduced in 1986 was the Deville Touring Sedan and Deville Touring Coupe trim levels, which included a rear deck lid spoiler, body-color tail lamp bezels, front air dam with fog lamps, rear seat headrests, leather upholstery, and a performance enhancement package among other features. The package was available for $2,880. In addition, the Touring Coupe featured removable vertical louvers on the trailing edge of the side windows.
1987: 1987 saw a new front-end design including revised cornering lamps in front and one-piece composite headlamps flanked a trapezoid-shaped grille with a bold egg-crate texture. Elongated fender caps were in back - upping the overall length by 1.5 inches (38 mm), but much more dramatic in appearance with new wrap-around tail lamps. This new 3-sided tail lamp style was similar to the tail lamp design used on the 1977 DeVille. Unlike the new one-piece headlamps, the changes to the rear-end in 1987 had little to do with engineering, but rather, feedback from Cadillac's customer base who felt the 1985-86 car looked too short. Although the 1987 revamp was still quite similar to the 1986 model (so much in fact that it still used the previous year's deck lid), the design was more in-tune with the look that traditional Cadillac buyers were used to.
Pricing for 1987 included Coupe de Ville at $21,316, and Sedan de Ville at $21,659. Fleetwood d'Elegance at $26,104, and the new Fleetwood Sixty-Special was available for $34,850. The Touring option, priced at $2,880 over DeVille's base cost, also included aluminum wheels mounted on 15-inch Goodyear Eagle GT tires. At the end of the 1988 model year, Cadillac discontinued the slow-selling DeVille-based Touring Coupe and Sedan; the 4-door variant would return in 1992.
1988: To mitigate a nearly $2,000 (~$4,446 in 2023) price increase, several previously optional items were made standard, including tilt steering column, telescopic steering wheel, power trunk release, split-bench front seating, cruise control, and variable delay windshield wipers. Under the hood was a new 155 hp 4.5 L V8 and heavy-duty battery. Pricing rose to $23,049 for Coupe de Ville, and $23,404 for Sedan de Ville.
Cadillac's main competition in this time frame continued to be Lincoln, which, alongside their successful Town Car, was now fielding an all-new front-wheel-drive Continental (based on the Ford Taurus). The Continental went into production with a six-cylinder engine so as to be considered a larger front-wheel-drive alternative to the Acura Legend that appeared in 1986, with a front-wheel-drive platform and a V6 engine.
1989 Facelift: For the 1989 model year, Cadillac introduced a significantly revised Deville, restyled under the direction of Irv Rybicki with a 113.8 in (2,890 mm) wheelbase for the Sedan de Ville, increased from 110.8 in (2,810 mm) — along with a heavily revised rear roof and backlight; a rear parcel shelf with storage compartment on four-door models (2-door models retained a narrow carpeted parcel shelf); dent resistant composite (plastic) front fenders, and larger luggage compartment by 2 cubic feet (0.057 m3) over the previous model year. Carried over were the 155 hp (116 kW) 4.5-liter engine (introduced for 1988), dash, and the front doors (on both the coupe and sedan). All Devilles featured a grille, slightly narrower at the top than bottom. The Coupe de Ville and Fleetwood coupe retained the previous year's interior, wheelbase, and doors — all hidden between the new front and rear styling. Previously optional equipment, made standard for 1989, included electrically powered outside mirrors and the AM/FM/cassette player stereo. New options included a driver's side airbag, Bose compact disc player, electrically-heated windshield, and full reversible carpeted floor mats.
1990: For 1990, DeVille and Fleetwood lost their telescopic steering column, but retained the tilt feature in exchange for an airbag mounted onto the newly standard leather-trimmed steering wheel. Engine output was up an additional 25 horsepower (19 kW) from sequential multi-port fuel injection. 1990 models also received GM's PASS Key theft-deterrent system which used a coded electronic pellet embedded into the ignition key. Other new features for 1990 included a non-illuminated vanity mirror on the driver's visor (a passenger side visor mirror had been standard equipment for decades now), door edge guards (previously optional), "clam shell" front center armrest with storage, and manual seat-back recliners for driver and passenger. In addition to ongoing competition from Lincoln, new competition came from the 1990 debut of Toyota's Lexus LS400 and the Infiniti Q45 from Nissan. The Acura Legend had also been gaining momentum in the luxury market since its 1986 introduction.
1991: For this model year, Cadillac introduced a 200 hp (150 kW) 4.9-liter version of its V8 HT (High Technology) engine series, along with revised bumper and body-side moldings — and a revised grille shape, now slightly narrower at the bottom than top, the inverse of the previous iteration's shape. The revised grille held the Cadillac crest and was now attached to the forward edge of the hood, and lifted up along with the hood when raised. The secondary hood release latch was at the bottom of the grille instead of its previous location above the passenger side headlight. In addition to the new engine and minor front-end restyling, several previously optional features became standard this year, including the anti-lock braking system, accent striping, automatic door locks, Twilight Sentinel headlamp control, electrochromic inside rear-view mirror, and electric rear window and side mirror defogger. New standard features included rear-seat air conditioning vents, central door unlocking from the driver's door and luggage compartment, sun visors with shaded slide-out extensions, rear window lock-out switch, brake / transmission interlock safety switch, and an oil life indicator through the fuel data center. Other new features included the available remote keyless entry system, and the optional illuminated mirrors now featured a slide switch that offered variable intensity lighting.
Also for the 1991 model year, Cadillac introduced the DeVille Touring Sedan trim level, making 1,500 available beginning in April 1991.[26] The Touring Sedan was offered in 5 monochromatic paint schemes: Carmine Red; Cotillion White; Black; Dark Slate Gray metallic; and Black Sapphire Metallic; and included larger 16 x 6.5-inch forged aluminum wheels with a wreath and crest center caps, P215/60R16 Goodyear GA all-season radial tires; quicker 17:1 steering ratio; and a model-specific deep tan interior — marketed as Beechwood, with leather seating areas and revised seat contouring with integral lumbar support; six-way power seats and recliners for driver and passenger; as well as genuine American Walnut wood accents on the doors and instrument panel. Further equipment included a grille-mounted wreath and crest replacing the stand-up hood ornament; side door moldings with "TOURING SEDAN" lettering; body-color, breakaway outside rearview mirrors; body-color door handles; and a cloisonne deck lid lock cover.[27]
For 1991–1993, Cadillac offered a "Spring Edition" package for the Sedan de Ville and Coupe de Ville in the U.S. This package included full “Phaeton” cabriolet roof (installed by ASC), body-color door handles, gold trim package, perforated leather seats, digital instrument cluster, security system and “lace” aluminum wheels.
1992: For 1992, the Touring Sedan continued as a limited edition option. Besides the special features included in the initial 1,500 models from 1991, it featured on Touring Sedans, like other DeVille models, the "Symphony Sound" stereo with cassette was standard, while the optional Delco/Bose music system was available with cassette or single-slot CD player. Introduced for 1992, speed-sensitive suspension and traction control (both standard on Touring Sedan when introduced in '91) were available at extra cost on DeVille. Approximately 5,300 Touring Sedans were produced for 1992.[28]
1993: The previously optional speed-sensitive suspension, Computer Command Ride, became standard equipment, and now included a new speed-sensitive steering system. Minor trim changes included black-out trim in the grille (used on the 1992 Touring Sedan), and deletion of the chrome strip from the glass divider on the sedan's rear doors.
The 2-door body style had been declining in sales for several years, and as a result, the 1994 redesign went into production solely as a 4-door. Production of the coupe ended in July 1993.
1990-1993 Coupe de Ville production details:
Declining popularity led to the discontinuation of GM's last full-size, six passenger two-door with the 1993 model year.
1990: Cadillac made 17,507 coupes. The full-vinyl roof was included in the Spring Edition package (with 4,413 built), which also included perforated leather seat inserts. The most popular color was white (5,292 made) and least was medium dark gray (193 made). A]l two-doors featured white-wall Michelin tires, and this was the last year for plain wheel covers (2,788 made). 479 two-doors were exported: Canada (383), Japan (81), and Saudi Arabia (15). The 1990 Coupe de Ville was priced at $26,960.[29]
1991: Cadillac manufactured 10,057 examples. Of those, 9,799 featured optional leather (in dark maroon, 19 were made, 11 in leather and 2 in velour). The most popular exterior color was white (2,967 made); least was medium dark gray (58 made). 3,397 Spring Edition were made. 1,122 featured the optional Bose sound system (752 with cassette, 370 with compact disc). Cadillac produced 164 for export: Canada (126), Japan (23), Persian Gulf countries (5), Puerto Rico and U.S> Virgin Islands (3), and Europe (7). Pricing was $30,205 for Coupe de Ville.[29]
1992: Cadillac made 6,980 examples; the most popular color was white (1,879 made) and least was Mary Kay Pink (1 made) $30,205 (~$58,902 in 2023). 2,635 were Spring Edition models. 89 examples featured the standard painted-roof. 144 were manufactured for export, 129 for Canada and 15 for Japan. The base MSRP was $31,740.[29]
1993: 4,711 were made, all featuring minor trim changes including black-out grille trim. Standard equipment included the full-vinyl roof, with 3,606 made; 1,105 were made with the optional partial vinyl roof ($170); and no paint-roof examples were made. The most popular color was white (1,147 made) and the least made color was dark maroon (24 made). The four wheel choices included standard-design cast aluminum wheels (2,012 cars); optional $235 lace-design aluminum wheel (1,766 cars), optional $235 locking wire wheel disc (749 cars), and the $1,195 chromed aluminum wheel (184 cars). 18 examples featured the no-charge blackwall Michelin radial tires and 4,693 models featured white-walls. 3,036 had mono-tone paint, and others had a lower body accent color: silver,1,130; dark red, 275; medium gray, 177; and beige, 93. 4,168 had the standard Symphony Sound system, and 543 featured the optional Bose stereo (310 with cassette, 233 with compact disc). Nearly all examples had leather upholstery (most popular: neutral, with 1,236 made), and 239 featured velour interiors (least made: taupe, 24 made). No export models were made, and 523 of the 4,711 included California emission equipment. The base price of the 1993 Coupe de Ville was $33,915.[29]
Overall sixth-generation production:[23]
| Coupe de Ville | Sedan de Ville | Yearly Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1985 | 37,485 | 151,763 | 189,248 |
| 1986 | 36,350 | 129,857 | 166,207 |
| 1987 | 32,700 | N/A | |
| 1988 | 26,420 | N/A | |
| 1989 | 4,108 | 122,693 | 126,801 |
| 1990 | 2,438 | 131,717 | 134,155 |
| 1991 | 12,134 | 135,776 | 147,910 |
| 1992 | 8,423 | 133,808 | 142,231 |
| 1993 | 4,711 | 125,963 | 130,674 |
| Total | 105,649 | 931,577 | 1,037,226 |
Seventh generation (1994–1999)
edit| Seventh generation | |
|---|---|
 1994–1996 Cadillac Sedan DeVille | |
| Overview | |
| Also called | Cadillac Concours (Asia) |
| Model years | 1994–1999 |
| Assembly | Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly, Hamtramck, Michigan, U.S. |
| Designer | Chuck Jordan |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 4-door sedan |
| Layout | Transverse front-engine, front-wheel drive |
| Platform | K-body |
| Related | Cadillac Seville |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine |
|
| Transmission | 4-speed 4T80-E automatic |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 113.8 in (2,890 mm) |
| Length | 1994–96: 209.7 in (5,326 mm) 1997–99: 209.8 in (5,329 mm) |
| Width | 76.5 in (1,943 mm) |
| Height | 1994–96: 56.4 in (1,433 mm) 1997–99: 56.0 in (1,422 mm) |
| Curb weight | 4,000–4,300 lb (1,800–2,000 kg) |
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For 1994, Cadillac redesigned the Sedan DeVille, using a lengthened version of GM's front-drive K-platform shared with the Seville — rather than the C body used by the previous generation Deville and the Oldsmobile Ninety Eight and the Buick Park Avenue.
Designed by Chuck Jordan under the design direction of Wayne Cherry, the restyled Sedan Deville, later marketed simply as the Deville, used a 113.8-inch (2,890 mm) wheelbase and featured a 20 cubic feet (570 L) trunk and 117.5 cubic feet (3.33 m3) passenger volume.[30] Production moved to Hamtramck, Michigan.
Offered in two trim levels, the Deville retained the 4.9 L L26 V8 until 1996, when the lower-output Northstar was made standard. The DeVille Concours trim level replaced the previous generation's DeVille Touring Sedan and was available with the new 270 hp (201 kW) LD8 Northstar V8, and later, the high-output L37 Northstar generating 300 hp (220 kW). The Concours featured an adaptive, continuously variable road sensing suspension initially marketed as CVRSS and later as MagneRide, a first on the DeVille series. 1996 was the last model year Cadillac marketed this car as the "Sedan deVille", including the car's emblems.
In 1994, all DeVille models included a passenger-side front airbag (in addition to the standard driver-side airbag); digital instrumentation with integrated message center; dual-zone front HVAC system with controls located to the right of the instrument cluster and on the front passenger door panel; automatic lighting, marketed as Twilight Sentinel,; a leather wrapped, tilt-adjustable steering wheel with buttons for radio and HVAC control; and six-speaker audio system with AM/FM/Cassette stereo. Cloth seating, marketed as Saratoga Cloth, was standard — as was front and rear bench seating for six passengers.
Options included AM/FM/Cassette/CD stereo; eleven-speaker premium audio system; leather-trimmed seating surfaces; full power adjustments, and front bucket seats.
DeVille models received a facelift for the 1997 model year and added the d'Elegance trim line to replace the Cadillac Fleetwood. The name was shortened from Sedan DeVille to simply DeVille. Headlights and grille were revised, the rear wheel skirts were deleted, the interior was revised, and the black/chrome trim was replaced by a double chrome trim in the base DeVille, chrome and gold trim and gold hood ornament on the d'Elegance, and chrome and body colored trim for the Concours. Other features available with the D'Elegance package included special wheels and rear illuminated vanity mirrors. The Concours received real-time damping and Electronic stability control as standard. The interior received a revised dashboard design that concealed the passenger airbag seams; revised door panels with standard door-mounted front side-airbags; and optional availability of the OnStar system. Production ceased in July 1999.
Seventh Generation Deville Production:[23]
| Yearly Total | |
|---|---|
| 1994 | 120,352 |
| 1995 | 109,066 |
| 1996 | 100,251 |
| 1997 | 99,601 |
| 1998 | 111,030 |
| 1999 | * |
*Production figures for 1999 were not provided
Seventh Generation Deville Engines:
| Model | Year | Engine | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Base | 1994–1995 | 4.9 L L26 V8 | 200 hp (149 kW) at 4100 rpm | 275 lb·ft (373 N·m) at 3000 rpm |
| 1996–1999 | 4.6 L LD8 Northstar V8 | 275 hp (205 kW) at 5750 rpm | 300 lb·ft (407 N·m) at 4000 rpm | |
| Concours | 1994 | 4.6 L LD8 Northstar V8 | 270 hp (201 kW) | 300 lb·ft (407 N·m) |
| 1995 | 275 hp (205 kW) at 5750 rpm | 275 lb·ft (373 N·m) at 4750 rpm | ||
| 1996–1999 | 4.6 L L37 Northstar V8 | 300 hp (224 kW) at 6000 rpm | 295 lb·ft (400 N·m) at 4400 rpm |
Eighth generation (2000–2005)
edit| Eighth generation | |
|---|---|
 2000–2005 Cadillac DeVille | |
| Overview | |
| Production | August 1999–June 2005 |
| Model years | 2000–2005 |
| Assembly | Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly, Hamtramck, Michigan, U.S. |
| Designer | Wayne Cherry |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 4-door sedan |
| Layout | Transverse front-engine, front-wheel drive |
| Platform | G platform[31]/GMX270 |
| Related | Cadillac Seville Buick Riviera Buick LeSabre Buick Park Avenue Oldsmobile Aurora Pontiac Bonneville |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine |
|
| Transmission | 4-speed 4T80 automatic |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 115.3 in (2,929 mm) |
| Length | 207.2 in (5,263 mm) |
| Width | 74.5 in (1,892 mm) |
| Height | 56.7 in (1,440 mm) |
| Curb weight | 4,000 lb (1,800 kg) |
The 2000 model year was the first substantial redesign since 1994, marking then Deville's move to the revised G platform.[32] Production started in August 1999. The exterior was redesigned, achieving a more aerodynamic drag coefficient of 0.30, and the revised interior featured new door panels and seats, with standard seat-mounted front side-airbags, along with minor dash and radio face revisions.
The DeVille DHS name replaced the d'Elegance trim level and added an optional power rear window sunshade and heated/massaging rear seats. The performance DeVille Concours was renamed the Deville DTS (DeVille Touring Sedan), in anticipation of the forthcoming renaming of the entire line. The Deville DTS was newly available with stability control, continuously variable road sensing suspension (CVRSS) with magnetorheological dampers (marketed as MagneRide), and onboard navigation.
Cadillac offered automotive night vision, marketed as Night Vision on the DeVille, as a worldwide first in series production,[33] subsequently discontinued in 2004.[34] The system was developed with Raytheon and used a passive infrared sensor camera mounted behind the vehicle's grille. Infrared radiation was picked up by the sensor, processed by computer and then displayed on the windshield using an automotive head-up display. Information was displayed as a black-and-white image with warmer objects in white, while cooler objects appear black.[35][36][37] Because the system outputs a standard NTSC composite video signal and the used parts are somewhat easy and inexpensive to find, it has become a popular choice for fitting thermal night vision to other vehicles.[38]
In late-2000, comedian Tim Allen designed a high performance variant of the Deville. The TAD Deville DTSi (TAD is short for "Tim Allen Design") features stiffer suspension, 18-inch Konig wheels with Goodyear Eagle F1 tires, and 14-inch cross-drilled brake rotors with Brembo calipers. The Northstar V8 was tuned to generate 398 horsepower at 6400 rpm.[39]
In 2002 for the 2003 model year, the Deville received a mild, mid-cycle facelift.
The last model to carry the DeVille nameplate was assembled at Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly in June 2005, replaced for 2006 by the renamed and slightly revised DTS, effectively a de facto ninth generation Deville.
| Model | Year | Engine | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Base / DHS | 2000–2001 | 4.6 L LD8 Northstar V8 | 275 hp (205 kW) at 5750 rpm | 300 lb·ft (407 N·m) at 4750 rpm |
| 2002–2005 | 275 hp (205 kW) at 5600 rpm | 300 lb·ft (407 N·m) at 4000 rpm | ||
| DTS | 2000–2004 | 4.6 L L37 Northstar V8 | 300 hp (224 kW) at 6000 rpm | 295 lb·ft (400 N·m) at 4400 rpm |
| 2005 | 290 hp (216 kW) at 5600 rpm | 285 lb·ft (386 N·m) at 4400 rpm |
References
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- ^ "Cadillac Terms and Definitions A - C". Cadillacdatabase.net. Archived from the original on January 11, 2012. Retrieved December 30, 2011.
- ^ a b c d 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved February 29, 2024.
- ^ a b Kowalke, Ron (1997). Standard Catalog of American Cars 1946–1975. Krause publications. ISBN 0-87341-521-3.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Gunnell, John (2005). Standard Catalog of Cadillac 1903–2005. Krause publications. ISBN 0873492897.
- ^ "Directory Index: Cadillac/1959_Cadillac/1959_Cadillac_Comparison_Folder". Archived from the original on February 25, 2015. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
- ^ "Directory Index: Cadillac/1959_Cadillac/1959_Cadillac_Comparison_Folder". Oldcarbrochures.com. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
- ^ Flory, J. "Kelly", Jr. American Cars 1960–1972 (Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Coy, 2004), p.147.
- ^ Flory, p.147.
- ^ Flory, p.211.
- ^ "Directory Index: Cadillac/1965_Cadillac/1965_Cadillac_Brochure_1". Oldcarbrochures.com. Archived from the original on October 19, 2013. Retrieved November 20, 2011.
- ^ "Directory Index: Cadillac/1965_Cadillac/1965_Cadillac_Brochure_1". Oldcarbrochures.com. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
- ^ John Barach. "Cadillac history 1971". 100megsfree4.com. Archived from the original on September 11, 2010. Retrieved November 20, 2010.
- ^ "Directory Index: Cadillac/1971_Cadillac/1971_Cadillac_Brochure_1". Oldcarbrochures.com. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
- ^ "1976 Cadillac Full Line Brochure". Archived from the original on May 9, 2018. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
- ^ History of the Cadillac Mirage – facereplace.com
- ^ Cadillac Mirage video review – The Drive
- ^ "Cadillac didn't build station wagons in 1976, but someone did". The Classic Cars Journal.com. The Collector Car Network, Inc. November 4, 2019. Retrieved March 11, 2022.
- ^ "1970 Cadillac Fleetwood Wagon Is a Rare Bird, Packs Numbers-Matching V8". Autoevolution. SoftNews Net SRL. September 9, 2021. Retrieved March 11, 2022.
- ^ "Detailed specs review of 1979 Cadillac Sedan de Ville 7.0L V-8 EFi offered since September 1978 for North America".
- ^ "Detailed specs review of 1980 Cadillac Sedan de Ville 6.0L V-8 offered since October 1979 for North America".
- ^ Jeff Koch (April 2008). "Cadillac V-8-6-4 A variable displacement engine that tried to split the difference between power and economy". Hemmings Motor News. Retrieved September 9, 2020.
- ^ a b c Flammang, James M. (1999). Standard catalog of American cars, 1976-1999. Ron Kowalke (3rd ed.). Iola, WI: Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87341-755-0. OCLC 43301709.
- ^ a b Jim Dunne (April 1984). "PS Drives GMs 85 Luxury Cars". Popular Science, April 1985.
- ^ "9.9% Financing Set on Gm C-Body Cars". Chicago Tribune. 21 June 1985.
- ^ Orlando Sentinel - "Expert Reviews - 1991 Cadillac DeVille TS" by Richard Truett dated August 8, 1991
- ^ Detroit Auto Show Press Release from Cadillac Motor Car Division dated January 7, 1991
- ^ Standard Catalog of American Cars 1976-1999 - 3rd ed. by Flammang & Kowalke. Krause publications 1999
- ^ a b c d Flammang, James Standard Catalog of American Cars 1976–1999 3rd Edition (Iola, WI: Krause Publications, Inc 1999)
- ^ Jeff Bartlett (August 2, 1995). "1994 Cadillac Deville Concours". Motor Trend.
- ^ Frame, Phil (January 16, 1995). "GM H Cars move to G Platform". Automotive News. Archived from the original on June 16, 2013. Retrieved May 17, 2013.
- ^ Frame, Phil (January 16, 1995). "GM H Cars move to G Platform". Automotive News. Archived from the original on June 22, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2013.
- ^ "What are LED taillights?". Ask.cars.com. September 16, 2008. Archived from the original on March 27, 2013. Retrieved May 7, 2009.
- ^ Keegan, Walter J (November 17, 2004). "Cadillac kills passive night-vision system — Autoblog". Autoblog.com. Archived from the original on July 11, 2009. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
- ^ Romans, Brent (January 1, 1999). "Full Test: 2000 Cadillac DeVille DTS". Edmunds.com. Archived from the original on November 25, 2005. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
- ^ Vale, Frank (December 13, 2006). "21st-Cadillac Night Vision". Vxm.com. Archived from the original on January 9, 2010. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
- ^ "Cadillac Introduces "Night Vision" Technology" (Press release). GM. January 16, 2000.
- ^ "Video: DIY'er Fits Cadillac Thermal Image Night Vision to his C6". Corvette Online. March 25, 2014. Archived from the original on December 29, 2014.
- ^ Phillips, John (November 1, 2000). "Tim Allen Design Cadillac DeVille DTSi". Car and Driver. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
External links
edit
- Cadillac DeVille official site at the Wayback Machine (archived August 1, 2003)