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Ballabhgarh

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Ballabgarh, officially Balramgarh,[1] is a large town, nearby Faridabad city and a tehsil (subdistrict) in Faridabad district of Haryana, India, and is part of the Delhi National Capital Region[2] or Delhi NCR.

Ballabhgarh
Ballamgarh
village
Balramgarh
Ballabhgarh is located in Haryana
Ballabhgarh
Ballabhgarh
Location in Haryana, India
Ballabhgarh is located in India
Ballabhgarh
Ballabhgarh
Ballabhgarh (India)
Coordinates: 28°20′32″N 77°19′32″E / 28.34222°N 77.32556°E / 28.34222; 77.32556
Country India
StateHaryana
DistrictFaridabad
Founded byRaja Balram Singh Tewatia
Elevation
197 m (646 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total
214,894
Languages
 • OfficialHindi, Regional Haryanvi
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
121004
Telephone code0129
ISO 3166 codeIN-HR
Vehicle registrationHR-29 (Faridabad)
Sex ratio882 ♂/♀
Literacy75.05%
Lok Sabha constituencyFaridabad
Vidhan Sabha constituencyBallabhgarh
Websiteharyana.gov.in

The town was founded by Raja Balram Singh, in 1739, who also built the Nahar Singh Mahal palace in the same year.[3] Raja Nahar Singh (1823–1858) was the last king of the princely state. He was executed for taking part in the 1857 war of independence in 1858.[3] The town of Ballabhgarh is only 17 miles (27 km) from Delhi, and today lies on the National Highway 19, a major portion of historical Grand Trunk Road.[3] It is connected to Faridabad and south-east Delhi by the Delhi Metro.[4] Ballabhgarh is the fourth city in Haryana to get metro connectivity after Gurgaon, Faridabad and Bahadurgarh.[5]

Etymology

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The origin of Ballabhgrah State itself goes back to 1705 and Ballabhgarh town and fort were founded in 1739 by Balram Singh.[3][citation needed] Ballabhgarh is named after the founder Balram Singh, a Jat chief who held the surrounding country as a feudatory of Suraj Mal of Bharatpur, built the Nahar Singh Mahal fort and palace in 1739.[3][citation needed] In 2017, the government announced the renaming of several villages and towns based on the requests from villagers, including a name change of Ballabgarh to Balramgarh.[6]

History

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See also: Haryana in 1857, Farrukhnagar history, Nahar Singh, and Rao Tula Ram

Ballabhgarh State

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Ballabhgarh State, a princely state was founded by Tewatia Jats in 1705.[citation needed]

The founder: Gopal Singh

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Gopal Singh, a Tewatia Jat, the founder of the princely state of Ballabgarh, migrated from Alwalpur village in 1705, and established himself at Sihi (5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Ballabhgarh) after attacking the local Tyagi Brahman rulers there. Gopal Singh Tewatia of Sihi started establishing his power in Delhi, Khair and Mathura areas. He attacked Rajput's of that area with the help of local Jat villagers.[citation needed] He became more powerful and richer and started looting the mughal travelers on Delhi–Agra royal route during the reign of Aurangzeb (d. 1707). In 1710, during the reign of Aurangzeb's son Bahadur Shah I, the Mughal officer Murtaza Khan killed him in 1711.[citation needed]

Gopal's successor was his son Charan Das Tewatia, who was also ambitious. When Charan Das saw weakening of the Mughal rule, he stopped paying malgujari (octroi) to Mughals. As a result, Mughals arrested and imprisoned Charan Das at Faridabad fort for a short time in 1714 during the reign of Farrukhsiyar (r. 1713–1719). His son Balram Singh freed him by pretending to pay the ransom.[citation needed]Charan Das's son, Balram Singh, later rose to be a powerful king.

Expansion: Balram Singh (Ballu Jat)

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On 30 June 1750, Safdar Jung, marched against Balram but Balram managed to evade him using stratagem with the help of Marathas.[citation needed]Mughal king Ahmad Shah Bahadur replaced Safdar Jung with Gaziuddin Khan ("Intizam-Ud-Daullahas" or "lmad-ul-Mulk", the imperial Mir Bakhshi) as new wazir. Safdar Jung, supported by Balram Jat and Surajmal Jat, revolted against the Mughal king. Murtija Khan's son Aqaibet Mahmud Khan was the chief diwan of Gaziuddin Khan, he and Balram agreed to meet to negotiate the terms of truce. Balram arrived with his son, diwan and 250 men, angry words flew, Balram put his hand on his sword, Aquibat's guard suddenly fell upon Balram and killed him, his son, diwan and 9 other escorts. Maharaja Suraj Mal Jat retaliated by capturing Palwal from Mughals on 27 September 1754. He also caught the qazi there and slayed the qanungo Santokh Rai for scheming Balram's murder. In November 1755, Jats under Suraj Mal also recaptured Ballabgarh and Ghasira from Mughals. Suraj Mal appointed sons of Balram, Bishan Singh as Nazim and Kishan Singh as kiledar, who stayed in these roles till 1774 under Suraj Mal.[7]

From 1757 to 1760, Ahmad Shah Abdali waged war against Jats and Marathas. After the defeat of Maratha Empire in the Third Battle of Panipat on 12 June 1761, Suraj Mal recaptured Ballabhgarh from Abdali's forced in 1762 and reinstated Balram's sons Kishan Singh and Bishan Singh in their roles under Bharatpur State.[citation needed]

On 20 April 1774, Ajit Singh with title of "Raja" and Hira Singh with titles of "Raja" and "Salar Jang" were restored to Ballabhgarh as descendant of Balram by Mughal king after they were removed by Bharatpur king. In 1775, Ajit Singh was formally appointed Raja of Ballabhgarh under Mughal authority. In 1793, Ajit Singh was killed by his brother Zalim Singh, and Ajit's son Bahadur Singh became the king. Till 1803 Ballabhgarh rulers remained under Marathas .In 1785 mahadji capture deeg but not capture bharatpur after 1787 to keep peace with Jats gave 11 paragana to ranjit singh and make friendly relation with bharatpur to make peace ref agra province.[8]

Jat rule during British era

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Plan map of the Jagir (estate) of Ballabhgarh in Delhi District, surveyed by W. Brown, 1840

In 1803, after the Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon Haryana was transferred to British by Maratha Empire.[citation needed]British confirmed Ajit Singh's son Bahadur Singh as independent ruler of Ballabhgarh jagir,[citation needed]as a buffer state between British border and Sikhs rulers,[9] and it remained an independent princely state until the Indian Rebellion of 1857.[citation needed]Bahadur Singh killed in 1806. His son Narain Singh became king but he too was killed in 1806.[citation needed]Narain's son Anirudh Singh became king and ruled till he was killed in 1819.[citation needed]His infant son Sahib Singh ruled till 1825 when he died childless.[citation needed]Sahib's paternal uncle and Narain Singh's brother Ram Singh ruled till 1829 till his death.[citation needed]

In Raja Nahar Singh ascended the throne in 1829 after his father Ram Singh's death and proved to be a just ruler. Nahar Singh was ruler of 11 villages of Ballabhgarh. He, Nawab Ahmed Ali Khan of Farrukhnagar, and rulers of neighbouring principalities such as Rewari and Jhajjar, took part in the Indian Rebellion of 1857.[10] On 10 September 1857, just four days before British forces stormed Delhi, Nahar Singh wrote a letter to Governor General of India, Lord Ellenborough (1842–1844), whom he had met as a young man, seeking his protection. According to a 2011 auction catalogue, "it seems was written as a ruse to deceive the British in the event of his capture... as he was fully committed to the cause of Indian Independence".[11][12][citation needed]

Aftermath of 1857 rebellion

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After the mutiny was suppressed, Nahar Singh along with all the rulers were captured, tried and hanged on 9 January 1858 and their estate confiscated by the British Raj.[13] As was Gulab Singh Saini, the commander-in-chief of the army of state of Ballabhgarh. The territory of Ballabhgarh was added into the Delhi district as a new tehsil, which was now made part of Punjab, while Faridabad became the headquarters of the pargana till now in jagir by the Ballabgarh rulers.[14] It was made a municipality in 1867.[citation needed]

20th century

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In 1901, Ballabhgarh town had a population of 4,506. Bahdurgarh tehsil of Delhi district, including towns and villages of Faridabad and Ballabhgarh, had a population of 126,693 in 1901, up from 119,652 in 1891.[15]

Post-independence

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One 2001 study in Neurology of a rural population at Ballabgarh, India, found a 0.3% incidence of Alzheimer's, "among the lowest ever reported" -and roughly a quarter of that of a reference US population, & it is believed that keys lies in the diet of the peoples, which having Indian spices, organic herbs & vegetables.[citation needed]

In 2015, there was a riot in Atali village where a Hindu mob attacked the Muslim villagers.[16][17][18]

Demographics

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The total population of Ballabgarh, as per the 2001 Census of India was 187067, up from 144215 in 1991 Census. Of this, 0 are Scheduled Tribes (STs) and 37428 are Scheduled Caste (SC), however Jats have highest density along with Ahirs, Rajputs, Agarwals, Brahmins. The sex ratio of the population in Ballabgarh is 850 females per 1000 males. The literacy rate in the city is 65.35 per cent, 79.96 for males and 48.25 for females.[19] The local language is Brajbhasha and Haryanvi.[20]

Religion in Ballabhgarh [21]
Religion Population
(2011)[22]: 20  		Percentage
(2011)
Hinduism   191,398 89.07%
Islam   18,954 8.82%
Christianity   9 0.22%
Sikhism   3 1.76%
Others [a] 30 0.74%
Total Population 4,058 100%

Ancient monuments

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Balramgarh Fort

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Ballabhgarh Fort

The fort was built by the Raja Balram Singh jat, inner part of which has been encroached by the police station and the tahsil office. The carefully planned town outside the fort walls was laid out by "Raja Bahadur Singh Jat", with quadrangular market places, wells at cross roads, and a large garden which he named "Dilkusha" (literally "pleasing to heart"). The last ruler of this dynasty was Raja Nahar Singh, a martyr of 1857 war of independence. A monument in Raja Nahar Singh Jat's memory has been built by the municipal committee inside the "Nahar Singh memorial park" to mark the centenary of war of 1857.[23]

Nahar Singh Mahal

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Main article: Nahar Singh Mahal

The earliest parts of Nahar Singh's palace, called Nahar Singh Mahal were constructed by his ancestor Rao Balram after whom the estate was named, who came to power in 1739, the construction however continued in parts till about 1850, under Nahar Singh.

Rani ki Chhatri

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"Rani ki Chhatri" on the bank of historic "rajsi sarovar" (royal lake) were constructed by the widow of Jat ruler Anrudh Singh, ruled Ballabagarh till 1818, in the memory of her deceased husband.[23]

It is located near Nahar Singh Mahal and Raja Nahar Singh metro station. The monument has chhatris (cenotaph) with ghats that has steps leading to the lake. The fresh water was fed from the Agra Canal. Earlier, INTACH had undertaken renovation costing INR 1,000,000, which was not sufficient. COnsequently, INR 1 cr (10 Million) was approved in 2016 for the completion of renovation of chhatri and sarovar. Jat ranis use to bathe and worship here.[24]

Institutes

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Home to the Cement Research Institute of India as well as Comprehensive Rural Health Services Project (AIIMS) or called Civil Hospital. It is the rural field practice area of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.

Administration

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Faridabad district is divided into three sub divisions viz. Faridabad, Ballabhgarh and Badkhal each headed by a Sub Divisional Magistrate (SDM).

Ballabgarh, is a Haryana Legislative Assembly constituency segment, within the Faridabad Lok Sabha constituency,[25] and the current representative in the state assembly is Mool Chand Sharma.[26]

Transport

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Ballabhgarh railway station is main railway station in Ballabhgarh. It is located on Agra–Delhi chord sector. It serves Faridabad and surrounding areas.

The Violet Line of the Delhi Metro connects Ballabhgarh.

National Highway 19 also runs through Ballabhgarh.

Notable people

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Notable people from Ballabhgarh include:-

See also

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Mansi Exclusive, Main Market Ballabgarh

References

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  1. ^ Kumar, Ashok (24 April 2017). "Haryana's Ballabgarh is now Balramgarh". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  2. ^ Coverage Archived 21 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine ncrup.up.nic.in.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Expanding woes". Vol. 19, no. 22. Frontline. 26 October – 8 November 2002.
  4. ^ "PM inaugurates KMP expressway, Ballabhgarh-Mujesar Metro rail link".
  5. ^ "Delhi Metro makes another foray into NCR, total span reaches 317km". The Times of India.
  6. ^ "Haryana: Ballabhgarh renamed as Balramgarh". The Indian Express. 25 April 2017. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
  7. ^ Asloub Ansari, 2001,SIR SYED AHMED KHAN : ( A Centenary Tribute ), Page 166.
  8. ^ Dharma Bhanu (1979). The Province of Agra: Its History and Administration. Concept Publishing Company. p. 10. GGKEY:KQWQCNNELB2.
  9. ^ 1968, Haryana: Studies in History and Culture, Page 74.
  10. ^ "REVOLT OF 1857 AND MUSLIMS IN HARYANA" (PDF). shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
  11. ^ "Photos of Mysore may get £200,000". Asian Age. 24 September 201. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 24 September 2011.
  12. ^ "Princely letter up for sale". IBN Live. 14 September 2011. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012.
  13. ^ L. C. Gupta and M. C. Gupta, 2000, Haryana on Road to Modernisation
  14. ^ Ranjit Singh Saini, 1999, Post-Pāṇinian systems of Sanskrit grammar, Parimal Publications.
  15. ^ "Variation In Population Since 1901" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
  16. ^ "Ballabhgarh Communal Tension: Homes torched, 150 Muslims seek shelter at a Haryana police station". The Indian Express. Retrieved 31 May 2015.
  17. ^ "Another disputed mosque sparks Ballabgarh riots". The Hindu. Retrieved 31 May 2015.
  18. ^ "LOCAL POLICE ABETTED BALLABHGARH RIOTS, INDICATES NCM REPORT TO MHA". India Samvad. Archived from the original on 4 June 2015. Retrieved 31 May 2015.
  19. ^ "Census". Faridabad district. Archived from the original on 18 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
  20. ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
  21. ^ "Census India govt 2011".
  22. ^ "Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables". Retrieved 21 August 2022.
  23. ^ a b 2011 census of Faridabad, Part=B, Census of India.
  24. ^ रानी की छतरी व शाही तालाब का होगा जीर्णोद्धार, Jagran, Feb 2016.
  25. ^ "Parliamentary/Assembly Constituency wise Electors in Final Roll 2009" (PDF). Chief Electoral Officer, Haryana. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 April 2009.
  26. ^ "Members of Haryana Legislative Assembly (MLAs) From District: Faridabad:Ballabgarh". Faridabad district website. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
  1. ^ Including Jainism, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, others, or not stated
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