East Talpiot (Hebrew: תלפיות מזרח Talpiot Mizrach) or Armon HaNetziv (ארמון הנְציב) is an Israeli settlement in southern East Jerusalem,[1][2][3][4] established by Israel in 1973 on land captured in the Six-Day War and occupied since then.[5] The international community considers East Talpiot to be an Israeli settlement that is illegal under international law.[6] With a population of over 15,000 Israeli settlers,[7] East Talpiot is one of Jerusalem's Ring Neighborhoods.[1]
History
Before the new housing projects built after 1967, the area was known as Armon HaNetziv (lit. The Governor's Palace) after the headquarters of the British High Commissioner located on the hilltop.[8][9] In 1928, Rachel Yanait Ben-Zvi, wife of Israel's second president Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, established an agricultural training farm for young women, the first of its kind in the country, in the area of East Talpiot. Both the farm and the Arab Girls College, another historical landmark, are earmarked for conservation.[10] The Lili and Elejandro Shaltiel Community Center was inaugurated in 1980.[11]
In the 1967 Six-Day War Israel captured and occupied East Jerusalem, East Talpiot was constructed as part of the 1968 Jerusalem Master Plan, which called for the creation of Jewish settlements around Jerusalem to cement Israeli control over the region.[12] East Talpiot is situated in southern East Jerusalem, between the Palestinian villages of Sur Baher and Sawaher.[12][13]
According to ARIJ, Israel confiscated land from nearby Palestinian neighborhoods/villages in order to construct East Talpiot:
- 1,343 dunams from Sur Baher,[14]
- 544 dunams from Jabel Mukaber,[15]
Beit Canada, an absorption center for new immigrants, is located in East Talpiot.[16] Nearly all the streets of East Talpiot take their names from those of the Olei Hagardom, members of Irgun and Lehi hanged by the British.[17]
Demography
In 2006, some 15,000 people were living in East Talpiot. Mainly populated by young couples when it was first established, the neighborhood is now aging. For the most part, East Talpiot is a secular neighborhood, with only 15 synagogues.[citation needed]
Archeological findings
An excavation has found remains of a significant royal estate from the second half of the 7th century BC that archaeologists consider as indicative of a remarkable administrative development by the Kingdom of Judah during that century.[18] An ancient aqueduct that brought water to the Temple Mount from springs located outside of Jerusalem was also discovered in East Talpiot. This waterworks, a highly sophisticated engineering feat, continued to function for more than two thousand years.[19]
There have been claims that an ancient tomb discovered in East Talpiot when a housing project was being built in 1980 could be the tomb of Jesus and his family.[20]
Arab-Israeli conflict
On 8 January 2017, 4 Israeli soldiers were killed in the 2017 Jerusalem truck attack that took place on the Armon Hanatziv Esplanade.[21][22]
Status under international law
The international community considers Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem to be illegal under international law, violating the Fourth Geneva Convention's prohibition on the transfer of civilians into occupied territory.[23] Israel however disputes that East Jerusalem is occupied territory and instead considers it to be annexed to its territory as part of the Jerusalem municipality. That annexation is unrecognized internationally and East Jerusalem is considered occupied territory by the international community.[1][12] Israel does not consider East Talpiot or other Jewish settlements in East Jerusalem to be settlements and instead considers them neighborhoods of Jerusalem.[1]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d "Jerusalem settlement 'extended'". BBC News. 2009-04-27. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
- ^ Lewis, Ori (2017-04-28). "Israel planning 15,000 more settlement homes in Jerusalem". U.S. Retrieved 2018-05-31.
- ^ Handel, A.; Allegra, M.; Maggor, E. (2017). Normalizing Occupation: The Politics of Everyday Life in the West Bank Settlements. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-02505-0. Retrieved 2018-05-31.
Major population centers, each counting more than 10,000 residents, are the "new neighborhoods" established in East Jerusalem (Gilo, Ramot Allon, Neve Ya'akov, Pisgat Ze'ev, Har Homa, Ramat Shlomo, and East Talpiot & 'Throughout this collection, the term "settlements" identifies all Jewish communities (towns, villages, neighborhoods) established in the areas conquered by Israel during the 1967 War')
- ^ Adelman, M.; Elman, M.F. (2014). Jerusalem: Conflict and Cooperation in a Contested City. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-5252-6. Retrieved 2018-05-31.
between 1968 and 1970 the first Jewish neighborhoods in East Jerusalem were built, in French Hill and Ramot Eshkol, then in Ramot, Gilo and East Talpiot
- ^ "Israeli settlements - OCHA OPT" (PDF).
- ^ "Jerusalem settlement 'extended'". BBC News. 27 April 2009. Retrieved 17 April 2011.
- ^ "East Talpiyot". Peace Now. Retrieved 2023-01-11.
- ^ A palace befitting the ruler of the land - Haaretz - Israel News
- ^ "Talpiot Mizrah (East Talpiot)". 30 June 2013.
- ^ "sustainable Jerusalem". Archived from the original on 2008-07-05. Retrieved 2008-03-06.
- ^ East Talpiot landmarks
- ^ a b c Rawan Asali Nuseibeh (8 October 2015). Political Conflict and Exclusion in Jerusalem: The Provision of Education and Social Services. Taylor & Francis. pp. 43–. ISBN 978-1-317-53576-8.
- ^ Ira Sharkansky (1996). Governing Jerusalem: Again on the World's Agenda. Wayne State University Press. pp. 81–. ISBN 0-8143-2592-0.
- ^ Sur Bahir & Umm Tuba Town Profile p. 14
- ^ Jabal al Mukabbir & As Sawahira al Gharbiya Town Profile, p. 15
- ^ "Beit Canada Absorption Center". Archived from the original on 2010-01-23. Retrieved 2009-05-31.
- ^ J.J. Goldberg, 'The Problem With Netanyahu's Response to Jewish Terror,' The Forward 4 August 2015.
- There were 12 of them: nine members of the Irgun and three from the Stern Group, or Lehi. Two (Eliyahu Bet-Zuri and Eliyahu Hakim) were hanged for assassinating the British minister Lord Moyne in Cairo in 1945. One (Shlomo Ben-Yosef) unsuccessfully attacked an Arab civilian bus in the Galilee in 1938. Three (Avshalom Haviv, Meir Nakar, Yaakov Weiss) participated in the 1947 Acre prison break. The rest attacked British security personnel.
- In addition to streets named for each individual, the neighborhood’s main drag bears the name by which they’re collectively remembered: Olei HaGardom, “those who ascended the gallows.” Dozens more cities around Israel have an Olei HaGardom Street. Many have streets named for the individual members, too.
- Two other streets in East Talpiot are named for Shmuel Azar and Moshe Marzouk, Egyptian Jews hanged in Cairo in 1955 for bombing the American and British libraries. The operation, known as the Lavon Affair, was a bone-headed plot by Israeli military intelligence meant to sour Egypt’s ties with the West. Elsewhere in Israel are streets named for Hirsh Lekert, hanged in Vilna in 1902 for trying to assassinate the tsarist governor; Sholom Schwartzbard, who confessed to assassinating Ukrainian rebel leader Simon Petlura in Paris in 1926, but was acquitted by a French jury; and Herschel Grynszpan, who assassinated a Nazi diplomat in Paris in November 1938, touching off Kristallnacht."
- ^ Billig, Yaʿakov; Freud; Bocher, Efrat, Liora (2022). "A Luxurious Royal Estate from the First Temple Period in Armon ha-Natziv, Jerusalem". Tel Aviv. 49 (1): 8–31. doi:10.1080/03344355.2022.2056685.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ From the East Talpiot Water Tunnel to Mamilla Pool
- ^ Geologists claim stats, science prove Jesus buried in Jerusalem with wife and supposed son
- ^ "4 Die as Palestinian Rams Truck Into Israeli Soldiers in Jerusalem". The New York Times. 8 January 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
- ^ Ceremony commemorates East Talpiot terror attack, YNET, 08 Jan 2018
- ^ O'Malley, Padraig (2016). The Two-State Delusion: Israel and Palestine--A Tale of Two Narratives. Penguin Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-14-312917-2. Retrieved 2018-06-11.
