Ridolfo "Aristotele" Fioravanti (also spelled Fieraventi; Russian: Аристотель Фиораванти;[a] c. 1415 – c. 1486)[1] was an Italian Renaissance architect and engineer. He was active in Moscow from 1475, where he designed the Dormition Cathedral during 1475–1479.
Aristotele Fioravanti | |
|---|---|
 Tsar Ivan III assigns Aristotle Fioravanti an order for coinage in 1479, painting by Pyotr Basin, 19th century | |
| Born | c. 1415 |
| Died | c. 1486 |
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Biography
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Little is known about Fioravanti's early years. He was born in Bologna around 1415 into a family of architects and hydraulic engineers.
He became renowned for the very innovative devices he used for the rebuilding of the towers belonging to the noble families of the city. Between 1458 and 1467, he worked in Florence for Cosimo de' Medici the Elder and in Milan, before returning to his native city. There, he created the plans for the Palazzo Bentivoglio, but the edifice was not finished (by Giovanni II Bentivoglio) until 1484–1494. In 1467, he worked for King Matthias Corvinus in Hungary.
In 1475, at the invitation of Ivan III, he went to Moscow where he built the Dormition Cathedral during 1475–1479,[2] taking inspiration from the Dormition Cathedral of Vladimir. This is the work for which he is best remembered.
According to some accounts, he was thrown into prison by Ivan III when he asked to return to Italy, and died in captivity.[3] According to other accounts, he participated as a military engineer and artillery commander in the campaigns against Novgorod (1477–1478), Kazan (1482) and Tver (1485).[4]
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ Other versions include: Фьораванти, Фиеравенти, Фиораванте.
References
edit- ^ Galluzzi, Paolo; Mandelbaum, Jonathan (4 January 2020). The Italian Renaissance of Machines. Harvard University Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-674-98439-4.
- ^ Mark M. Jarzombek, Vikramaditya Prakash and Francis D.K. Ching, A Global History of Architecture, (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011), 544.
- ^ Anna M. Lawton, Imaging Russia 2000: Film and Facts, (New Academia Publishing, 2004), 257.
- ^ Michael C. Paul, "The Military Revolution in Russia 1550–1682," The Journal of Military History (Jan. 2004):9–45.