African immigration to Norway (Norwegian: Afrikaner) refers to immigrants to Norway from Africa. An estimated 150,000 people in Norway are either first or second generation immigrants from Africa. Most of these have a background as asylum seekers.[1]
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 149,502[1] (2023 Official Norway estimate) 2.7% of the Norwegian population | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Oslo | |
| Languages | |
| Norwegian, Afroasiatic languages, Niger–Congo languages, Nilo-Saharan languages | |
| Religion | |
| Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Traditional African religions |
Distribution
editHorn of Africa
editImmigration from countries from the Horn of Africa to Norway grew slightly from the end of the 1980s, but grew markedly from 2000 onwards. The growth is usually attributed mainly to a rise in the number of refugees from Somalia (43,273), Eritrea (27,855) and Ethiopia (11,505).[2] Around 30% of all Africans in Norway are of Somali descent,[3] around 20% are Eritreans,[4] and the other 50% (65.850) are from the rest of Africa.
Other Africans
editCompared with immigrants from Somalia and Eritrea, the percentage of Africans from other regions of Africa is low. [1] Most other Africans in Norway come from West Africa, especially Ghana (2,034), Gambia (1,409) and Nigeria (1,247).[2] There is also a sizeable population of Africans from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2,050), and there are also a Moroccan community in Norway.
Crime
editAccording to Statistics Norway, in the 2010-2013 period, the proportion of African-born perpetrators of criminal offences aged 15 and older in Norway was 107.1 per 1000 residents. When corrected for variables such as age and gender as well as employment, the total decreased to 90.06. This is higher compared to the averages of 44.9 among native Norwegians. Somali-born perpetrators of criminal offences was 123.8 and 102.3 after age and gender adjustment. For Eritrean-born perpetrators of criminal offences it was 79.9 and 67.1 after age and gender adjustment.[5] Immigrants from Africa had a higher crime rate compared to migrants from other parts of the world. Asian-born perpetrators of criminal offences was 75.5 and 66.9 after age and gender adjustment, and for Eastern European-born the numbers where 73.2 and 59.0 after age and gender adjustment.[6]
Demographics
editCountry of origin
editMost African Norwegians have a background from the following countries:
| Country | Population (1970)[7] | Population (1980) | Population (1990) | Population (2000)[8] | Population (2010)[2] | Population (2014) [1] | Increase (2010–2014) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 1,179 | 3,188 | 10,069 | 26,521 | 67,168 | 97,152 | 44.64% |
 Somalia
|
3 | 26 | 1,303 | 8,386 | 25,496 | 35,912 | 40.85% |
 Eritrea
|
0 | 3 | 18 | 733 | 5,789 | 14,397 | 148.70% |
 Morocco
|
401 | 1,130 | 2,380 | 5,409 | 8,058 | 9,111 | 13.07% |
 Ethiopia
|
8 | 214 | 1,398 | 2,525 | 5,156 | 7,807 | 51.42% |
 Sudan
|
6 | 25 | 57 | 371 | 1,318 | 3,092 | 134.60% |
 DR Congo
|
12 | 12 | 83 | 236 | 2,050 | 2,590 | 26.34% |
 Ghana
|
8 | 29 | 730 | 1,341 | 2,034 | 2,424 | 19.17% |
 Nigeria
|
11 | 108 | 284 | 504 | 1,247 | 1,964 | 57.50% |
 Algeria
|
64 | 130 | 435 | 880 | 1,497 | 1,637 | 9.35% |
 Kenya
|
16 | 114 | 303 | 642 | 1,275 | 1,636 | 28.31% |
 Gambia
|
19 | 143 | 568 | 984 | 1,409 | 1,606 | 13.98% |
 Burundi
|
0 | 0 | 3 | 62 | 1,119 | 1,350 | 20.64% |
 Tunisia
|
39 | 100 | 358 | 607 | 1,106 | 1,279 | 15.64% |
 Liberia
|
3 | 8 | 23 | 26 | 1,075 | 1,220 | 13.49% |
 Uganda
|
11 | 176 | 246 | 473 | 903 | 1,167 | 29.24% |
 Egypt
|
83 | 170 | 281 | 399 | 806 | 1,118 | 38.71% |
Regional distribution
editNorwegians with African background live in the following electoral districts:
| Electoral district | African Norwegian[9] | Percent of electoral district |
|---|---|---|
 Oslo
|
40,438 | 5.94% |
 Akershus
|
13,431 | 2.15% |
 Hordaland
|
10,376 | 1.98% |
 Rogaland
|
9,660 | 2.03% |
 Østfold
|
6,614 | 2.22% |
 Buskerud
|
6,149 | 2.17% |
 Sør-Trøndelag
|
3,781* | 1.23%* |
 Nordland
|
4,508 | 1.85% |
 Telemark
|
4,156 | 2.40% |
 Vestfold
|
3,990 | 1.59% |
 Troms
|
3,422 | 2.04% |
 Hedmark
|
3,490 | 1.77% |
 Oppland
|
3,646 | 1.92% |
 Vest-Agder
|
3,990 | 2.13% |
 Møre og Romsdal
|
4,108 | 1.55% |
 Nord-Trøndelag
|
1,855* | 1.37%* |
 Sogn og Fjordane
|
1,829 | 1.67% |
 Aust-Agder
|
1,939 | 1.65% |
 Finnmark
|
1,202 | 1.58% |
The " * " symbol demarcates figures from 2010
Notable people
editSee also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b c d "Statistics Norway - Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents, 6 March 2023". Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ a b c "Statistics Norway - Persons with immigrant background by immigration category and country background. 1 January 2010". Archived from the original on 2010-10-28. Retrieved 2011-02-11.
- ^ "09817: Innvandrere og norskfødte med innvandrerforeldre, etter innvandringskategori, landbakgrunn og andel av befolkningen (K) 2010 - 2020". PX-Web SSB. Retrieved 2020-07-22.
- ^ "Population by immigrant category and country background". Statistics Norway. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
- ^ Synøve N. Andersen, Bjart Holtsmark & Sigmund B. Mohn (2017). Kriminalitet blant innvandrere og norskfødte med innvandrerforeldre En analyse av registerdata for perioden 1992-2015. Statistics Norway. p. 66 (Tabell B1). ISBN 978-82-537-9643-7. Archived from the original on 2018-01-15. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
- ^ Synøve N. Andersen, Bjart Holtsmark & Sigmund B. Mohn (2017). Kriminalitet blant innvandrere og norskfødte med innvandrerforeldre En analyse av registerdata for perioden 1992-2015. Statistics Norway. p. 66 (Tabell B1). ISBN 978-82-537-9643-7. Archived from the original on 2018-01-15. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
- ^ "StatBank Norway". Archived from the original on 2012-07-17. Retrieved 2018-10-04.
- ^ Statistisk Sentralbyrå - Folkemengd etter tre variantar av landbakgrunn, fødeland og statsborgarskap. 1. januar 2000 Archived June 28, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Statistics Norway - Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents by country background and county. 1 January 2019". Archived from the original on 2 November 2019. Retrieved 2 November 2019.