The flag of Norfolk Island is a triband consisting of green, white, and green bands charged with a green Norfolk Island pine in the centre. Adopted in 1979 when the islands gained limited self-government, it has been the flag of the Territory of Norfolk Island since 6 June of that year. The pine is native to the territory and is its official tree.
 | |
| Use | Civil and state flag    |
|---|---|
| Proportion | 1:2 |
| Adopted | 9 June 1979[1] |
| Design | Norfolk Island pine (Araucaria heterophylla) in a central white stripe between two green stripes |
History
editNorfolk Island was first sighted by James Cook in 1774 during his second voyage to the southern Pacific Ocean. Settlers moved to the island in March 1788, when it was claimed by the colony of New South Wales. Cook surmised that the Norfolk Island pine (Araucaria heterophylla) could be utilised for the masts of ships, but his prediction ultimately did not come to fruition.[2][3]
The island was initially employed as a penal colony until 1814, and again from 1825 to 1855.[2][3] It was then used in 1856 to relocate people from the Pitcairn Islands,[2][3] which had become overpopulated,[4] and Norfolk Island was consequently designated "a distinct and separate settlement" from mainland Australia on 24 June of the same year.[2] It later lost its self-governing status in 1897,[4] when the British placed the territory under the administration of the Governor of New South Wales. The island joined the now-independent Commonwealth of Australia as a territory under the Norfolk Island Act 1913. However, its exact constitutional relationship with the rest of the commonwealth was not enunciated at the time.[2]
A royal commission was established in 1975 to resolve Norfolk Island's constitutional status.[2] Four years later, the territory was granted its own legislative assembly,[2] but remained unrepresented in the Federal Parliament.[4] The bill that became the Norfolk Island Flag and Public Seal Act 1979 was introduced to the Australian Parliament that same year and received royal assent on 17 January 1980.[5]
Design
editDescription
editThe flag of Norfolk Island is described in detail in Norfolk Island Flag and Public Seal Act 1979, federal legislation that has been in force from 17 January 1980. It specifies the flag is to have an aspect ratio of 1:2. The act specifies Pantone Matching System 356 for the green of the flag, without giving any further detail on the white.[5]
| Colour | Pantone | converted to RGB | Hex form |
|---|---|---|---|
Green
|
356[5][6] | 0-120-51[7] | #007833[7] |
White
|
Not specified
| ||
Symbolism
editThe colours and symbols of the flag carry cultural, political, and regional meanings. The green symbolises Norfolk Island's plentiful vegetation and fertile land.[8][9] The Norfolk Island pine is native to the islands,[9] and is the official tree of the territory.[8]
Similarities
editThe Norfolk Islander flag bears a likeness to the flag of Canada. Both banners employ only two colours in a vertical triband design and feature a regional arboreal symbol in the middle band. The flag is also similar to the flag of Neuquén Province. Both banners employ a two coloured triband design and feature an araucaria tree. Norfolk Island's flag is also analogous to the flag of Nigeria, which utilises a triband of green and white in a similar fashion.[9]
References
editSpecific
- ^ Foley, Carol A. (1996). The Australian Flag: Colonial Relic or Contemporary Icon?. Annandale (Australia): The Federation Press. p. 191. ISBN 978-1-86287-188-5.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Norfolk Island – History". Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc. 10 March 2021. Retrieved 11 July 2021.
- ^ a b c "Norfolk Island National Park – History". Parks Australia. Government of Australia. Retrieved 11 July 2020.
- ^ a b c Minahan 2009, p. 138.
- ^ a b c Norfolk Island Flag and Public Seal Act 1979 (PDF) (1). Parliament of Australia. 1980.
- ^ "Pantone 356 C". Pantone LLC. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ a b "Converting Pantone to RGB". Name Badges International. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ a b Minahan 2009, p. 136.
- ^ a b c "Norfolk Island – Details". The World Factbook. CIA. 29 June 2021. Retrieved 11 July 2020.
Bibliography
- Minahan, James B. (23 December 2009). The Complete Guide to National Symbols and Emblems. Vol. 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313344978.
External links
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