White Jade River

White Jade River
White Jade River
Uyghur name
Uyghur	يورۇڭقاش دەرياسى‎
Latin Yëziqi
Transcriptions
Latin Yëziqi	Yorungqash deryasi
Yengi Yeziⱪ	Yorungⱪax dəryasi
Siril Yëziqi	Йоруңқаш дәряси
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	玉龍喀什河
Simplified Chinese	玉龙喀什河
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	yùlóng kāshí hé
Alternative Chinese name
Chinese	白玉河
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	báiyù Hé
Wade–Giles	Pai2-yü4 Ho2
IPA	[pǎɪŷ xɤ̌]

Yurungkash River
White Jade River, Baiyu River
Yurungkash River; White Jade River, Baiyu River
	Collecting jade in the White Jade River near Khotan in 2011
Native name	يورۇڭقاش دەرياسى (Uyghur); 玉龙喀什河 (Chinese);
Physical characteristics
Source	Kunlun Mountains
• coordinates	35°31′38″N 81°29′42″E / 35.527297°N 81.495070°E
Mouth	Hotan River
• coordinates	38°04′53″N 80°33′45″E / 38.081296°N 80.562477°E
Basin size	14,575 km2 (5,627 sq mi)
Discharge
• average	72.3 cubic metres per second (2,550 cu ft/s)
Basin features
Progression	Hotan→ Tarim→ Taitema Lake

The White Jade River, also known by the native names Baiyu or Yurungkash, is a river in the southern Xinjiang region of China.^[1]

The head waters of the river rise in the Kunlun Mountains, in the area of Aksai Chin in Kashmir in the Togatax area (35°36′N 81°24′E / 35.6°N 81.4°E / 35.6; 81.4). The river flows east for some 200 km and then north for another 200 km before passing through Khotan, China (37°07′N 79°58′E / 37.11°N 79.97°E / 37.11; 79.97).^[1] In Khotan, the river has yielded white river rocks which are also known as nephrite jade.^[1] ^[2]

North of Khotan, it eventually dries up in the Taklamakan desert, its seasonal bed joined by that of the Black Jade River (Karakash River) near Koxlax (some 200 km north of Khotan, 38°05′N 80°34′E / 38.08°N 80.56°E / 38.08; 80.56), from where it continues north as the Hotan River, which flows into the Tarim River. The river drains an area of 14,575 km² (5,627 sq mi) and has a discharge of 72.3 cubic metres per second (2,550 cu ft/s).

The river gets its name from the white jade that is often found in its alluvial deposits. The jade can also however be found in semi-shallow areas of the river.^{[citation needed]}.

Roads

China local highway S216 follows the river from Khotan to 36°30′N 79°54′E / 36.5°N 79.9°E / 36.5; 79.9.
Keriyadavan Road from Akqik (some segments under construction) crosses Kunlun mountains and follows the river from 35°54′N 80°36′E / 35.9°N 80.6°E / 35.9; 80.6 to 35°48′N 80°54′E / 35.8°N 80.9°E / 35.8; 80.9.

Gallery

Yurungkash River near Hotan (2017).
Map including White Jade River (labelled as Yurungkash R (Khotan)) (RGS, early 20th century)
Map including the northern section of the White Jade River (labeled as Yü-lung-ha-shih Ho) and surrounding region (USATC, 1971)^[a]
Map including the southern section of the White Jade River (labeled as Yurung Kash) and surrounding region (AMS, 1950)^[b]
Map including the White Jade River (labeled as Ywungkax He (Yü-lung-k'o-shih Ho)) and surrounding region) (DMA, 1980)^[c]

Notes

^ From map: "DELINEATION OF INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES MUST NOT BE CONSIDERED AUTHORITATIVE".
^ From map: "THE DELINEATION OF INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES ON THIS MAP MUST NOT BE CONSIDERED AUTHORITATIVE."
^ From map: "The representation of international boundaries is not necessarily authoritative."

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Jacobs, Andrew (September 20, 2010). "Jade from China's West Surpasses Gold in Value". The New York Times. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
^ Moore, Malcolm (August 8, 2008). "White jade rush in China's Wild West". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

External links

Khotan River formed by confluence White Jade and Black Jade Rivers, China (with image)
Moyu-Hetian Highway (G3012) project ... - also includes construction of Yurungkash River Grand Bridge near Hetian, Xinjiang, China.

[3] From map: "DELINEATION OF INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES MUST NOT BE CONSIDERED AUTHORITATIVE".

[4] From map: "THE DELINEATION OF INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES ON THIS MAP MUST NOT BE CONSIDERED AUTHORITATIVE."

[5] From map: "The representation of international boundaries is not necessarily authoritative."

[nytimes_jade-1] Jacobs, Andrew (September 20, 2010). "Jade from China's West Surpasses Gold in Value". The New York Times. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

[2] Moore, Malcolm (August 8, 2008). "White jade rush in China's Wild West". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

[1]

[2]

[a]

[b]

[c]

Yurungkash River White Jade River, Baiyu River
Collecting jade in the White Jade River near Khotan in 2011

Native name	يورۇڭقاش دەرياسى (Uyghur) 玉龙喀什河 (Chinese)
Physical characteristics

Source	Kunlun Mountains
• coordinates	35°31′38″N 81°29′42″E / 35.527297°N 81.495070°E / 35.527297; 81.495070

Mouth	Hotan River
• coordinates	38°04′53″N 80°33′45″E / 38.081296°N 80.562477°E / 38.081296; 80.562477
Basin size	14,575 km² (5,627 sq mi)

Discharge
• average	72.3 cubic metres per second (2,550 cu ft/s)

Basin features
Progression	Hotan→ Tarim→ Taitema Lake