Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF is a fund-raising program for children sponsored by the U.S. Fund for UNICEF. Started on Halloween 1950[1] as a local event in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, the program historically involves the distribution of small orange boxes by schools to trick-or-treaters, in which they can solicit small change donations from the houses they visit.[2][3][4] Millions of children in the United States, Canada, Ireland, Mexico, and Hong Kong participate in Halloween-related fund-raising events for Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF, and the program has raised over US$188 million worldwide.[5]
History
editTrick-or-Treat for UNICEF was invented by Mary Emma Allison. In 1949, the Allisons were living in Bridesburg, a neighborhood in Philadelphia.[6] When Mrs. Allison saw a UNICEF booth collecting funds to send powdered milk to undernourished children around the world, she thought of getting children to collect donations for UNICEF instead of candy. Reverend Clyde Allison introduced the concept to local Presbyterian churches. On Halloween 1950, the Allisons recruited their own children and their community's to go door-to-door collecting nickels and dimes in decorated milk cartons to aid children in post-World War II Europe.[5][7][8] They collected a total of $17 and donated all of it to UNICEF.
In 1953, the United States Committee for UNICEF, later renamed the U.S. Fund for UNICEF, started actively promoting the program.[6] By the 1960s, the concept had expanded throughout the United States, with small orange collection boxes distributed to millions of trick-or-treaters.[9] When UNICEF won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1965, U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson said in his congratulatory letter: "Your UNICEF Trick or Treat Day has helped turn a holiday too often marred by youthful vandalism into a program of basic training in world citizenship."[10] In 1967, Johnson declared Halloween, October 31, to be "UNICEF Day" in the United States; by 1969, 3.5 million American children were trick-or-treating for donations.[9] Children (and adults) in the U.S. have collected more than $175 million for Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF.[5] Donations to Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF support UNICEF's global programing, but in 2005, half of the proceeds were targeted to a domestic cause, aiding victims of Hurricane Katrina.[11] In 2008, the U.S. Fund for UNICEF introduced mobile phone text message donations as well as a MySpace and Facebook page.[12] In 2014, the U.S. Fund for UNICEF partnered with Crowdrise to expand the campaign's online presence, allowing participants to create personal fundraising web pages in addition to traditional door-to-door trick-or-treating.[13]
Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF has also partnered with Coinstar to allow customers to submit their donations through Coinstar machines.[14]
The program has also expanded outside of the United States. UNICEF in Canada began Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF in 1955. The campaign was rebranded after the Government of Canada declared October 31 of each year "National UNICEF Day" in 2000. In 2006, UNICEF Canada discontinued the collection box part of their program, focusing instead on in-classroom fundraising and community engagement.[4] In 2015, UNICEF Canada celebrated 60 years of the National UNICEF Day program having raised more than CA$100 million.[15]
References
edit- ^ Bannatyne, Lesley (1998). Halloween: An American Holiday, an American History. Pelican Publishing Company. p. 152. ISBN 978-1-4556-0553-8.
- ^ Byroads, Marjorie (October 20, 1970). "A little child shall lead them (trick or treat for UNICEF)". The Bryan Times. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ Winerip, Michael (October 31, 1993). "At Halloween, Unicef Faces Declining Collections in U.S." The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ a b "UNICEF ends Halloween program in Canada". News. CBC. May 30, 2006. Retrieved 2017-10-29.
- ^ a b c "Support UNICEF". UNICEF. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ a b UNICEF (March 1997). America's Partnership with UNICEF: A report to the United States on the impact of its contribution to UNICEF from 1985 to 1995 (PDF) (Report). Retrieved 2009-10-23.
- ^ Smylie, James H. (October 31, 2000). "Presbyterians initiated UNICEF's 'Trick-or-Treat' program 50 years ago". The Presbyterian Outlook. Retrieved 2017-10-30.
- ^ Li, Kun (October 10, 2006). "Goodwill Ambassador Sarah Jessica Parker helps launch 'Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF'". UNICEF. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ a b Rusk, Howard A. (October 26, 1969). "19th Year for UNICEF; 3.5 Million Children 'Trick or Treat' On Friday to Aid Young of World". The New York Times.
- ^ Kastenmeier, Robert (March 3, 1966). "UNICEF and the 1965 Nobel Peace Prize" (PDF). Congressional Record. United States Government Printing Office. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ Conwell, Vikki (October 26, 2005). "Good Works". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved 2013-05-21.
- ^ Maul, Kimberly (2008-10-16). "Trick-or-Treat hits Internet". PRWeek. Retrieved 2009-10-23.
- ^ "Iconic Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF Campaign Goes Digital with 2014 Spokesperson Zendaya". UnicefUSA (Press release). September 2, 2014. Retrieved 2017-10-30.
- ^ "Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF continues to make a difference in the lives of the world's children during October". UnicefUSA (Press release). June 7, 2011. Retrieved 2017-10-30.
- ^ "National UNICEF Day". UNICEF Canada. Retrieved 2016-09-09.