Tinidazole

Tinidazole
Clinical data
Trade names	Fasigyn, Simplotan, Tindamax
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a604036
License data	US DailyMed: Tinidazole;
Pregnancy; category	AU: B3; ;
Routes of; administration	By mouth
ATC code	J01XD02 (WHO) G01AF21 (WHO), P01AB02 (WHO), QP51AA02 (WHO);
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); UK: POM (Prescription only); US: WARNINGRx-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	12%
Metabolism	Liver (CYP3A4)
Elimination half-life	12–14 hours
Excretion	Urine (20–25%), feces (12%)
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 1-(2-ethylsulfonylethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitro-imidazole;
CAS Number	19387-91-8 ;
PubChem CID	5479;
DrugBank	DB00911 ;
ChemSpider	5279 ;
UNII	033KF7V46H;
KEGG	D01426 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1220 ;
NIAID ChemDB	007940;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID4023676 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.039.089
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C8H13N3O4S
Molar mass	247.27 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES CCS(=O)(=O)CCN1C(=NC=C1[N+](=O)[O-])C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C8H13N3O4S/c1-3-16(14,15)5-4-10-7(2)9-6-8(10)11(12)13/h6H,3-5H2,1-2H3 ; Key:HJLSLZFTEKNLFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	(verify)

Tinidazole, sold under the brand name Tindamax among others, is a medication used against protozoan infections. It is widely known throughout Europe and the developing world as a treatment for a variety of anaerobic amoebic and bacterial infections. It was developed in 1972 and is a prominent member of the nitroimidazole antibiotic class.^[2]

It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.^[3]

Medical uses

Tinidazole may be a therapeutic alternative in the setting of metronidazole intolerance. Tinidazole is used to treat Helicobacter pylori, Amoebic dysentery, Giardia and Trichomonas vaginalis.^[4]

Side effects

Drinking alcohol while taking tinidazole causes an unpleasant disulfiram-like reaction, which includes nausea, vomiting, headache, increased blood pressure, flushing, and shortness of breath.^{[medical citation needed]}

Half-life

Elimination half-life is 13.2 ± 1.4 hours. Plasma half-life is 12 to 14 hours.^{[medical citation needed]}

References

^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 Oct 2023.
^ Ebel K, Koehler H, Gamer AO, Jäckh R (2002). "Imidazole and Derivatives.". In Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a13_661. ISBN 3527306730.
^ World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.
^ Edwards DI (January 1993). "Nitroimidazole drugs--action and resistance mechanisms. I. Mechanisms of action". The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 31 (1): 9–20. doi:10.1093/jac/31.1.9. PMID 8444678.

[FDA-AllBoxedWarnings-1] "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 Oct 2023.

[Ebel-2] Ebel K, Koehler H, Gamer AO, Jäckh R (2002). "Imidazole and Derivatives.". In Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a13_661. ISBN 3527306730.

[WHO22nd-3] World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.

[pmid8444678-4] Edwards DI (January 1993). "Nitroimidazole drugs--action and resistance mechanisms. I. Mechanisms of action". The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 31 (1): 9–20. doi:10.1093/jac/31.1.9. PMID 8444678.

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