Stockton State Hospital or the Stockton Developmental Center was California's first psychiatric hospital. The hospital opened in 1851 in Stockton, California, United States, and closed 1995–1996. The site is currently used as the Stockton campus of California State University, Stanislaus.
| Stockton State Hospital | |
|---|---|
 Stockton State Hospital | |
 | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Stockton, California, United States |
| Coordinates | 37°57′58″N 121°17′10″W / 37.96611°N 121.28611°W |
| Organization | |
| Funding | Public hospital |
| Type | Specialist |
| Services | |
| Speciality | Psychiatric |
| History | |
| Former name(s) | Stockton Developmental Center; 1851, Insane Asylum of California at Stockton |
| Opened | 1851 |
| Links | |
| Lists | Hospitals in California |
| Stockton Developmental Center | |
|---|---|
| Built | 1853 |
| Designated | March 10, 1995 |
| Reference no. | 1016 [1] |
History
editIt was constructed as the Insane Asylum of California at Stockton in 1851. It was on 100 acres (0.40 km2) of land donated by Captain Charles Maria Weber. The legislature at the time felt that existing hospitals were incapable of caring for the large numbers of people who suffered from mental and emotional conditions as a result of the California Gold Rush, and authorized the creation of the first public mental health hospital in California. The hospital is #1016 on the Office of Historic Preservation's California Historical Landmark list, and today is home to California State University's Stanislaus – Stockton Campus. A cemetery for patients who died there is located on the property.[2][3]
In April 1888 Frank A. Peltret, an investigative reporter for the San Francisco Examiner, posed as an insane man to be admitted into the California State Insane Asylum at Stockton. He remained in the asylum for several weeks before his colleague outside the asylum obtained Peltret's release. Peltret wrote a revealing newspaper article about his personal experiences and observations as an inmate. He gave a generally favorable report. He said the experience was better than he had expected. Nevertheless, he thought the asylum needed workshops to give the inmates something to do, more variation in the dining hall menu, more physicians, and closer supervision and training of the asylum attendants.[4]
On May 17, 1853, the Stockton General Hospital changed its name to the Insane Asylum of the State of California.[5]
In April 1856 Dr. Samuel Langdon, the second Superintendent of the asylum in its history, fought a duel with Dr. William Ryer, his assistant physician, resulting in a bullet wound to Dr. Langdon's knee and his eventual replacement as Superintendent.[6]
William Troy was originally buried in the hospital's cemetery.[7]
Famous former patients
edit- Sarah Althea Hill (1850–1937), schizophrenic mistress[8]
- Carroll Cole (1938–1985), serial killer[9]
- Martín Ramírez (1895–1963), schizophrenic Mexican artist[10]
- Ad Wolgast (1888–1955), lightweight boxing champion[11]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Stockton Developmental Center #1016". Office of Historic Preservation, California State Parks. Retrieved 2012-10-07.
- ^ Neal L. Starr (July–September 1976). "Stockton State Hospital – A Century and a Quarter of Service" (PDF). San Joaquin Historian.
- ^ California Secretary of State (June 2009). "Inventory of the Department of Mental Hygiene – Stockton State Hospital Records". Online Archive of California.
Stockton State Hospital first opened its doors in 1851
- ^ "San Joaquin Historian" Summer 1998
- ^ "San Joaquin Historian" July–September 1976
- ^ "San Joaquin Historian" July–September 1976
- ^ "Medal of Honor".
- ^ "Great Minds That Failed," Fresno Morning Republican, July 25, 1894, p. 3
- ^ Greig, Charlotte (2005). Evil serial killers : In the minds of monsters. ISBN 9780760775660.
- ^ Kennicott, Philip (2013-12-07). "Work by Martín Ramírez, key 'outsider artist,' to be unveiled at Library of Congress". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 2022-05-17.
- ^ "Ad Wolgast – the true story of the boxer and the goat". 8 February 2020.
External links
edit
- U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Stockton Developmental Center (historical)
- Works by Stockton State Hospital at Project Gutenberg
- Works by or about Stockton State Hospital at the Internet Archive
- Works by Stockton State Hospital at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
- Former Sockton State Hospital Set of images at Flickr of the remaining buildings
- "San Joaquin Historian" July-September 1976
- "San Joaquin Historian" October-December 1976
- "San Joaquin Historian" Summer 1998
- "So Far Disordered in Mind, Insanity in California 1870–1930"
