The Social Democratic Party (Persian: فرقه اجتماعیون عامیون, romanized: Ferqa'ye Ejtemāʿīyūn-e ʿāmmīyūn) was a political party formed by Persian emigrants in Transcaucasia with the help of local revolutionaries, maintaining close ties to the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party and Hemmat Party.[1][2]
Social Democratic Party | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Leader | Nariman Narimanov[1] |
| Founder | Haydar Khan Amo-oghli[2][3] |
| Founded | 1904[2] or 1905[1] |
| Dissolved | February 1910[1] |
| Succeeded by | Democrat Party[2] |
| Headquarters | Baku, Caucasus[2] |
| Newspaper | Iran-e No[1] |
| Ideology | Socialism Liberalism Nationalism Secularism Constitutionalism |
| Political position | Left-wing |
| 1st Iranian Majlis (1906) | 21 / 156
|
It was the first Iranian socialist organization.[4]
The party created its own mélange of European socialism and indigenous ideas and upheld liberalism and nationalism. It maintained some religious beliefs[1] while being critical of the conservative ulama[1] and embracing separation of church and state.[3]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g Afary, Janet (December 9, 2011) [December 15, 1998]. "EJTEMĀʿĪŪN-E ʿĀMMĪŪN (Mojāhed), FERQA-YE". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Fasc. 3. Vol. VIII. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 286–288. Retrieved September 12, 2016.
- ^ a b c d e Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. pp. 76–77, 104. ISBN 0-691-10134-5.
- ^ a b Ettehadieh, Mansoureh (October 28, 2011) [December 15, 1992]. "CONSTITUTIONAL REVOLUTION v. Political parties of the constitutional period". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Fasc. 2. Vol. VI. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 199–202. Retrieved September 12, 2016.
- ^ Cronin, Stephanie (2013). Reformers and Revolutionaries in Modern Iran: New Perspectives on the Iranian Left. Routledge/BIPS Persian Studies Series. Routledge. p. 252. ISBN 978-1134328901.
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